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| literally, city of the dead, hence cemetary |
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| circular building with self supporting dome |
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| stone slab, serving as tombstone, marker etc... |
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| Grand sepulchral (burial) monument |
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| Italic culture before the Etruscans |
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| main temple of a Roman city, dedicated to Jupiter (Zeus), erected on the Capitoline (from caput = head) |
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| an official in charge of interpreting omens |
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| Roman architect (1st C BC) and author of the Ten Books of Architecture, the only architectural treatise passed down from antiquity |
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| Roman philosopher and writer, 1st BC - 1st AD |
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| dining hall/ banquet (3 couches) |
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| open area in center of house |
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| Greek Goddess of Wisdom/ Arts, etc... Roman Minerva |
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| Etruscan City, North of Rome |
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| Greek colony south of Naples, conquered by the Lucans in 4th BC Romans 3rd BC |
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| Greek God of the Sea Roman Neptune |
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| One of the Vitruvian architectural orders |
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| Uppermost part of a column |
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| Marble/limestone slab with bas-reliefs, part of the doric temple frieze |
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| Stone coffin, often with bas-reliefs |
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| Greek sculptor, 5th BC, author of the Canon |
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| radius of a column, hence, set of rules |
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| Citadel, equivalent of the ancient Greek Acropolis. In Rome, this was on the Capitoline Hill |
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| Major temple in Rome dedicated to Jupiter (Zeus), Juno (Hera) and Minerva (Athena). It was on the Capitoline Hill |
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| Archive: edifice where laws and public records were kept |
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| Square surrounded by public buildings. Equivalent of the ancient Greek Agora |
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| Street crossing the Roman Forum, leading to the Tomb of Romulus, founder of Rome |
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| Large meeting hall with aisles and galleries for public administration. Eventually turned into a religious building (church) by the Christians |
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| Place of assembly. Senate house |
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| Edifice for religious exercise. From Latin Templum |
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| Colonnaded and roofed ambulatory. Equivalent of the Greek Stoa (like a porch) |
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| Monumental gateway erected to commemorate the triumph of victorious generals |
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| Celebratory monument that depicts the victorious military campaigns of Emperor Trajan (98-117), sculpted in bas-relief along its shaft |
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| Temple located in Rome's Campus Martius. It was dedicated to all the Gods. The primitive edifice was built under Augustus (27 BC). The existing temple was built by Emperor Hadrian, ca. 118-128 AD |
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| Also Cella. Sanctuary of the temple |
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| Vestibule of a Greco-Roman temple, often in the form of a portico |
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| Vault with circular plan, usually in the form of a half or portion of a sphere. |
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| Sunken square decorating a ceiling, sometimes with an ornament or rosette in the center |
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| Porous limestone used for building. Common in Rome |
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| Volcanic stone, excellent for the foundation of buildings |
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| Limestone in a crystalline state. Used for carving, paving, etc... |
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| Brickwork in alternated rows |
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| Roman architect (1st C BC) and author of The Ten Books of architecture (De Architectura), the only architectural treatise passed down from antiquity |
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| In architecture: a column and entablature decorated and proportioned according to one of Vistruvian modes (Doric, Tuscan, Ionic, Corinthian, Composite) |
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| from "ostium", river mouth |
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| Main street of a Roman town running East-West |
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| "Broad Street", intersecting the Decumanus in a Roman Town |
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| Lit. city of dead, cementary |
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| Building with niches to hold ash urns |
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| Main Temple in Rome, and in Roman cities, dedicated to Jupiter (the greek Zeus); Juno (Hera); and Minerva (Athena) |
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| Tenement House, forming a block within the Roman city layout |
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| mural painting executed on wet plaster |
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| Communal Laundry mat and dyeing vat |
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| Greco-Egyptian deity corresponding to Zeus or Osiris |
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| Goddess of fertility, sister and wife of Osiris, mother of Horus worshipped in the Roman Empire |
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| Persian priest of the Sun, later god of light and truth, worshipped in the Roman Empire starting 1st C BC |
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| Necropolis of Banditaccia, 7th - 6th BC, Cerveteri (Caere) |
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| Temple-shaped Tomb 7th BC |
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| Tomb of the thatched roof, 7th BC, Cerveteri (Caere) |
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| Tomb of the Greek Vases, reconstruction, 6th-5th BC, Cerveteri (Caere) |
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| House of the surgeon, 4th BC, Pompeii |
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| &Tomb of the Volumni family, plan elevation 2nd BC, Perugia |
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| Tomb of the bas-relief, 6th BC, Cerveteri (Caere) |
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| Mausoleum of Augustus, 1st BC model, Rome |
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| Necropolis of the Crucifix, 6th - 5th BC, Orvieto |
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| Necropolis of Norchia, tomb in the shape of a temple, 4th c BC |
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| Khyathos in "bucchero", 6th BC, Volterra, Museo Guarnacci |
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| Aryballos (ampule), 7th BC, Roma, Museo Nazionale di Villa Giulia |
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| Bucchero with alphabet, 7th c BC, Vatica, Museo Gregoriano Etrusco |
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| Golden Tablet from Pyrgi, 500 BC, Roma, Museo Nazionale di Villa Giulia |
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| Sheep liver from Settima, bronze, 2nd c BC, Piacenza, Museo Civico |
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| Funerary stele of Aule Tite, limestone, 6th c BC, Volterra, Museo Guarnacci |
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| Boxing children, fresco, 15th BC, Thera (Santorini) Arch. Museum |
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| Tomb of the Auguri, The gates of Hades, 6th BC, Tarquinia |
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| Tomb of the Auguri, Wrestlers, 6th BC, Tarquina |
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| Tomb of Hunting and fishing, 6th BC, Tarquinia |
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| Tomb of the Baron, a leave-taking scene, 6th BC, Tarquinia |
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| Tomb of the Leopards, banquet scene, 6th BC, Tarquinia |
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| Temple of Athena (or Ceres/Demeter), 6th BC, Paestum |
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| Temple of Athena (or Ceres/Demeter), 6th BC, Paestum |
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| Model of Rome in 4th AD, Detail of the Capitoline Hill with the Capitolium |
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| Etruscan Temple in 6th BC, model constructed after Vitruvius |
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| Etruscan Temple in 6th BC, plan constructed after Vitruvius, plan |
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| Temple of Portumnus (Fortuna Virilis), 2nd BC, Roma |
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| Temple of Venus (reconstruction), 2nd AD, Roma |
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| Centaur, metope, 6th BC, Paestum, Museo Archeologico |
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| Myth of Sisyphus, metope, 6th BC, Paestum, Museo Archeologico |
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| The Death of Ajax, metope, 6th BC, Paestum, Museo Arceologico |
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| Tomb of the Diver, ca. 480 BC, Paestum, Museo Archeologico |
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| Tomb of the Diver, Banquet scene, Paestum, Museo Archeologico |
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| Tomb of the Diver, Banquet scene, Paestum, Museo Archeologico |
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| Tomb of the Diver, Banquet scene, Paestum, Museo Archeologico |
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| Tomb of the Diver, Banquet scene, Paestum, Museo Archeologico |
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| Doric Columns, Temple of Athena (Caere/Demeter), 6th BC, Paestum |
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| The figure of the Emperor as emblematic of the power: |
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| political, administrative, religious, military. Rhetoric and oratory. |
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| Rhetoric from the Greek "retor" = orator. Rhetoric Grammer and Dialectic were part of the so called Trivium, which with the arts of Quadrivium (Arithmetic, Geometry, Astronomy, Music) formed the Liberal Arts, that is the formal education in Antiquity. |
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Rhetoric has five canons: (how to learn to give a talk
Invento = Invention; Dispositio = Strategy of argumentation; Elocutio = Speech layout; Memoria = memory; pronuntiatio = style of speaking |
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| After the death of Alexander, the vast empire is split in different kingdoms among his generals |
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