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| A very large landmass that is smaller than a continent |
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creates volcanoes, mountains, earthquakes, and tsunamis
ex:
Volcanoes: Indonesia (remember how these affect the culture of Indonesia)
Mountains: Himalayas (India/China) |
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| strongly influence climates, and can lead to flooding -> dying crops -> hungry ppl |
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FARMING: Fertile plain formed by Indus River.
Note: Irrigation. why? little rain! |
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| Brahman, Karma, Dharma, Reincarnation, Moksha, & Caste System |
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| Supreme force that unites everthing in the universe |
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| All of the actions in life that affect one's fate |
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| Religious and moral duties according to caste, occumpation, gender, or age |
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| Ultimate goal of Hinduism (no more suffering) |
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| Barriers to Unity in India |
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Definition
1. Religion
2. Social Barriers (caste system)
3. Geography (himalayas)
4. Language (many = difficult for communication) |
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| Indian troops under the command of British officers during the colonial era in India |
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1. Rapid pop. growth
2. Rural & urban areas = POOR
3. Lack of education
4. Pollution
5. Deforestation, overgrazing, & soil erosion |
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| India and Pakistan are in conflict over control. SEPARATISM |
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| Hindus v. Muslims sometimes b/c religious differences |
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The building and maintaining of colonies in one territory by ppl from another colony
(ex: 13 colonies & England)
Europe took over & decided that Africans would no longer be subsistence farmers, but they introduced industrialization = cash crops |
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Non-violent civil disobedience. Dalitex: hunger strikes & boycotts. why? craves independence
NOTE: Shot & killed by Hindu extremist |
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HUGE!
+more space for ppl
+more resources (diversity)
-ethnic differences
-religious differences |
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| Semiarid area b/w the Sahara & the savanna |
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| Tropical humid (grasslands) |
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| formed the Drakensberg Mtns |
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Method of feeling like you are part of a group based on customs and beliefs (like heritage)
ex: hutus/tutsis -> genocide in Rwanda b/c separatation |
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| Places now becoming countries (in Africa =) happened LATE... problem? BORDERS haven't changed since Europeans colonized -> conflicting tribes |
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| Subsistence farming (farming for food to eat) OM NOM NOM |
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| Africa: nationalism (independence) |
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| Overfarming -> famine and poverty :( |
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-famine
-poverty
(connection: feed my starving children) |
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| (Short) Colonial era in Africa effects |
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Definition
+new commercial economy
+export minerals & farm products
+moderns medicine & infrastructure
-Low wages/unemployment
-rival ethnic groups had to share power = political rivalries |
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| Cultural influences in Africa: Triple Heritage |
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Definition
1. Traditional African cultures
2. Islam
3. European culture |
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Holiest river. Sacred place for Hindus. +provides water for crops & drinking
+rich soil = good farming |
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*Monotheism
*Mosiah = Jesus
*Torah = book (old testament)
*Temple/synagogue (place of worship)
*Practiced in Israel |
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*Monotheism
*5 pillars of Islam
*Qu'ran/Koran = book
*Mosque (place of worship)
*Saudi Arabia
*Jordin
*Iran |
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*Monotheism
*10 commandments
*Mosiah = Jesus
*Trinity
*Bible = book
*Church (place of worship)
*United States
*Western Europe |
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| (below the caste system) similar to hobos... people who are to be shunned |
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the use of INTERDEPENDENCEto freely exchange thoughts and ideas.
conflicts-
traditionalism: following longtime practices and opposing many modern technologies and ideas. OPPOSING GLOVALIZATION
fundamentalism: any movememnt in which ppl believe in strictly following certain established principles/teachings. opposes and slows down globalization |
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Where it is (absolute and relative)
absolute: latitude/ longitude EXACT (123 wildcat drive)
relative: in relation to another site. (by fox valley mall. Next to the NP Library) |
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What is there? (physical and human characteristics)
physical: landforms, climate, vegetation (old faithful, mediterranean)
Human: religion, languages, demography (Lutheran, Spanish) |
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Definition
People interaction with the earth (land affecting ppl, ppl changing land)
land affecting ppl: adaptation, scarcity, natural disasters (amont of plant life, hurrican katrina)
ppl changing the land: technology, pollution (highways, smog, litter) |
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ppl interacting on the earth (WHAT MOVES?)
transporation, travel, migration, push/pull factors (cruises to bahamas, trains, cars) |
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Organizing the earth's spaces (cultural and physical characteristics)
cultural: ethnicity, religion, economy (caucasion, christinas, $$)
physical: landforms, boundaries (uluru, smokey mtns) |
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Mtns make it rain on the left side of the mtn, and its a desert on the other side.
~~->::::^______ |
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| Poor distribution of wealth |
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Cultural hearth
+Provide water for crops & drinking
+rich soil = good farming |
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Definition
+provide water for crops & drinking
+rich soil = good farming |
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formed by convergind plates
why? monsoons, erosion, deposition |
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Himalayas- formed by internal forces.
Promblems? Natural border b/w India & China |
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Formed by converging plates.
Why do we care? Afghanistan war: the natives can hide there in the mts b/c they are familiar w/ the land |
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Rich soil = lots of pop.
problems? flooding
(secondary landform) |
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(Secondary landform)
formed? snow runs down Himalayas when it melts
+good for farming = Pop! |
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| hot, humid summers & cool winters |
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*Monotheism
*Reincarnation & karma
*NO caste system b/c EQUALITY |
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| Belgium's affect in Africa |
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Definition
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Hutu rebels
Note: 100 day genocide |
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Created by divergent plates
<- -> |
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| Dutch, French, & German settlers |
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| Similarities b/w Janjaweed & Interhamwe |
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Definition
| Both were terrorists who did horrible things to kill ppl |
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Definition
(South Africa) Official policies that forced black South Africans to live in separate areas & use separate facilities than whites
(similar to: segregation in USA)
LEGAL separation of racial groups in S. Africa |
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| Most common language of Africa |
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Definition
| Niger-Congo language family (hundreds of diff types) |
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Definition
1. Islam (SAHEL)
2. Christianity (SOUTH)
3. Traditional African religions |
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| Resist imperialism in Africa |
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Definition
1. Disease (malaria)
2. Ease of entrance (caract = waterfall)
3. Empire of a million ppl (established kingdoms) |
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| To take over & enter africa (overcoming resistance) |
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Definition
1. Quinine conquers malaria
2. Steam boats & railroads
3. Maxim gun |
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+infrastructure = ADVANCED
+tight buildings = lots of pop.
+university = SMART (edu)
NOTE: before Europe showed up, Africa was doing well |
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Definition
The destruction of ppl :(
Ex: Rwandan genocide |
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| Ethnic conflicts in Africa |
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Definition
why?
1. Struggles over land
2. Distribution of gov aid & jobs |
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Term
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Definition
| Genocide in Rwanda (Hutus v. Tutsis) |
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| Genocide in Rwanda (European powers left so if they fought, no one could stop them) |
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Tribalism
+
Colonialism
+
Nationalism
= |
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Definition
1. Rwanda genocide
2. Sudan (Darfur)
3. Nigeria (oil factories -> pollution -> fighting) |
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Term
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Definition
boycotting internationally
pnalties intended to force a country to change its policies
ex: group of countries refusing to provide economic aid |
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| CRAZY CHANGE IN LIBERIA... WHY?? |
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Definition
1989-2003 Civil War:
1. world sanctions (denied to import Africa's timber & diamonds)
2. Destroyed infrastructure
3. Human rights violations (ex: child soldiers & conflict diamonds) |
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| Somalia- a failed state. why??? |
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Definition
1. military dictatorship
2. war
3. starvation
-> violence/terrorism |
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Definition
| has impacted its historical and economic development b/c they block off trade from other neighboring continents/countries. |
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| Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (control's oil... where does it go?? who gets it??) |
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Definition
| 2 major kingdoms exhisted in West Africa prior to the arrival of the Europeans |
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| Under colonialism, the interior African states declined while the coastal states became more powerful... why?? |
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Definition
| B/c European explorers only traded along the coasts (resist imperialism in Africa) |
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| Colonial Scramble in Africa -> shaping the borders & countries |
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Definition
| Rival ethnic groups had to share power -> political rivalry -> boundaries |
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| Who most influenced Japan's early culture?? |
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Definition
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| After WWII, wat type of gov did Japan adopt? |
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| unique ecosystem at the 38th parallel... heavily guarded (intense!) |
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| SEZ = Special Economic Zones |
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Definition
Areas designed to attract foreign companiest & investments to the country which has aided the growth of Southern China's cities
*special tax incentives
*free trade zones
*export oriented |
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Definition
| Buddhism, Christianity, & Shintoism |
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| Most densely populated island of Japan |
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| Mao's failures at attempt to catch up China economically (smelted steal into useless pig iron, planted crops deeper + closer together, unprofessionals attempted to create infrastructure) |
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| Mao's attempts to regain loyalty through communist propaganda, counterrevolutionaries killed, & got rid of 4 olds: old customs, culture, habits, & ideas. (elderly killed, etc.) |
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| Separatism led by Dalai Lama |
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| Spiritual leader of Buddhism |
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| Himalayas, gobi desert, great wall, mnt Fuji |
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all controlling gov
ex: Mao- communist |
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1. Strong dynasty establishes peace & prosperity
2. Time passes & corruption set in; taxes increase, gov service decreases
3. Floods & famines come; the mandate is lost, rebellion is justified! (Natural disasters = suffering)
4. Dynasty is overthrown; a new dynasty emerges |
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| Europeans = chane in China -> end of the Mandate of Heaven |
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Definition
1. Opium wars
2. Unfair treaties
3. Taiping/Boxer rebellion |
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| Ruler after Mao's death. Moved slowly from communism to capitalism :) |
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Definition
*good army
*Nationalist
*supported democracy |
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Definition
*Collective farms
*Equality for women
*1 child policy
*The Great Leap Forward
*The Cultural Revolution
*AUTHORITARIAN |
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Definition
(lower # = higher level)
1. Emperor
2. Shogun
3. Daimud
4. Samurai
5. Merchants/farmers |
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| low birth rate, few workers, retirees pensions |
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| The Buddha- founded Buddhism |
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1. All life consists of SUFFERING
2. why? DESIRE
3. Stop suffering? Overcome desire
4. Follow 8 Fold Path (be a good person) + "middle way" |
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| Archipelago + Mtns (>70% = mtns) |
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| fertile farming (densely populated) |
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| FOOD why?? 1.3 BILLION ppl (crazy HUGE pop.) |
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| Massacre of protestors under instruction of Mao Zedong |
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*Kami: spiritual forces
*Indiginous (started in Japan)
*Respect for life, nature, & ancestors |
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| An elected law making body in Japan |
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Definition
| Communist-democratic ppl's republic of NORTH Korea |
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Definition
| Republic of Korea. SOUTH Korea |
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| Kamikaze (WWII)- Pearl Harbor |
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Definition
Essentially human bombs (plane)
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V
(BOOOOM) |
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| JAPAN SURRENDERS in WWII... why?? |
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Definition
| US dropped 2 bombs on Japan... aftermath??? US helps Japan to rebuild, lol |
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| INDUSTRY: from weapons to products/infrastructure (dominated auto industry!)- why? efficiency & low labor costs |
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| fast & efficient (few cars!) |
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leader: Kin Jung Il
gov: dictatorship
capital: P'yongyang
poor, Soviet Territory, Korean war, command economy, lack of electricity, forced isolation, food shortages, & total gov control |
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Definition
leader: Lee Myung-bak
gov: republic
capital: seoul
"Asian tiger" |
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| How did they divide Korea? |
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Definition
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Definition
| temporary stop of fighting (what N. & S. Korea are currently in) |
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| Why did European settlers arrive in Australia? |
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Definition
1. prison colony (to send prisoners there)
2. sheep
3. gold |
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Definition
| Ancestors created the world during this time (Aborigines believed this) |
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STRICT
gov: authoritarian
microstate (DENSE)
land reclamation
100% urban
Straight of Malacca = TRADE
wealthy
"cultural crossroads" (diversity) & "Asian tiger" |
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Definition
1. foreign investment
2. English = official lang
3. superficient gov
4. no corruption! |
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Definition
Colonial power: Dutch
Geo: Archipelago (plate tectonics)
Nat. Resources: Volcanoes = rich soil = FARMING
Ppl: Diversity, DENSE
terrorists/extremists |
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Definition
Colonial power: British
geo: microstate
nat. resources: limited- why? SMALL
ppl: densely populated, DIVERSITY- migration
gov: Authoritarian- 1 party control
"Cultural Crossroads" (diversity) |
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Definition
Colonial power: European settlers
ppl: Aussie, Aborigines, Europeans
Lang: English
Gov: Democratic |
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| Dry!! why?? Flat = wind sucked out all the water (no rich soil = arid) |
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| world's larges single rock |
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Definition
*choke point
*major trade route |
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| mammals that have pouches to carry their young |
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| globalization in Australia -> |
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Definition
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| Australia major occupation? |
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Definition
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Definition
floods! why?? built on plains
-overpopulation
-pollution (chronic) |
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| Australia Environmental Concerns |
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Definition
loss of:
1. ozone layer
2. woodlands
3. rainforests |
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Definition
| Australia's 1st ppl (nomadic way of life) |
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Definition
| New Zealand's 1st ppl (war-like) |
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| New Zealand: __________ Colonization |
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Definition
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Definition
| Religious differences: Roman Catholics v. Muslims -> terrorism? |
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Definition
| Slums -> cheap houses -> high-rise apartments :) nice! |
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| Assoc. of South East Asian Nations |
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