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| mental state of feeling associated with our evaluation of our experiences |
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| theory that humans experience a small number of distinct emotions that are rooted in our biology |
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| small number of emotions believed by some theorists to be cross-culturally universal (happiness, sadness, anger, disgust, surprise, fear, contempt) |
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| cross-cultural guidelines for how and when to express emotions |
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| cognitive theories of emotion |
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| theories proposing that emotions are products of thinking |
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| James-Lange theory of emotions |
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| theory proposing that emotions result from our interpretations of our bodily reactions to stimuli |
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| theory proposing that we use our "gut reactions" to help us determine how we should act |
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| theory proposing that an emotion-provoking event leads simultaneously to an emotion and to bodily reactions |
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| theory proposing that emotions are produced by an undifferentiated state of arousal along with an attribution (explanation) of that arousal |
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| phenomenon in which repeated exposure to a stimulus makes us more likely to feel favorably toward it |
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| facial feedback hypothesis |
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| theory that blood vessels in the face feed back temperature information in the brain, altering our experience of emotions |
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| unconscious spillover of emotions into nonverbal behavior |
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| supposedly perfect psychological or behavioral indicator of lying |
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| guilty knowledge test (GKT) |
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| alternative to the polygraph test that relies on the premise that criminals harbor concealed knowledge about the crime that innocent people don't |
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| questionnaire that presumably assesses workers' tendency to steal or cheat |
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| discipline that has sought to emphasize human strengths |
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| strategy of anticipating failure and compensating for this expectation by mentally over-preparing for negative outcomes |
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| theory proposing that happiness predisposes us to think more openly |
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| tendency for people to remember more positive than negative information with age |
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| ability to predict our own and others' happiness |
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| belief that both our good and bad moods will last longer than they do |
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| tendency of our moods to adapt to external circumstances |
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| tendencies to perceive ourselves more favorably than others do |
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| psychological drives that propel us in a specific direction |
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| theory proposing that certain drives, like hunger, thirst, and sexual frustration, motivate us to act in ways that minimize aversive states |
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| inverted U-shaped relation between arousal on the one hand, and mood and performance on the other |
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| theories proposing that we're often motivated by positive goals |
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| model, developed by Abraham Maslow, proposing that we must satisfy psychological needs and needs for safety and security before progressing to more complex needs |
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| theory that when our blood glucose levels drop, hunger creates a drive to eat to restore the proper level of glucose |
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| hormone that signals the hypothalamus and brain stem to reduce appetite and increase the amount of energy used |
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| value that establishes a range of body and muscle mass we tend to maintain |
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| theory holding that obese people are motivated to eat more by external cues than internal cues |
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| eating disorder associated with a pattern of binge eating and purging in an effort to lose or maintain weight |
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| eating disorder associated with excessive weight loss and the irrational perception that one is overweight |
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| phase in human sexual response in which people experience sexual pleasure and notice physiological changes associated with it |
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| phase in human sexual response in which sexual tension builds |
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| phase in human sexual response marked by involuntary rhythmic contractions in the muscles of genitals in both men and women |
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| phase in human sexual response following orgasm, in which people report relaxation and a sense of well-being |
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| physical nearness, a predictor of attraction |
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| extent to which we have things in common with others, a predictor of attraction |
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| rule of give and take, a predictor of attraction |
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| love marked by powerful, even overwhelming, longing for one's partner |
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| love marked by a sense of deep friendship and fondness for one's partner |
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