Term
| A ripened ovary and its contents |
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Definition
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| The tissue of a typical fruit develops from the ovary wall that can further be distinguished into three layers |
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| The outermost layer of the pericarp |
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| The innermost layer of the pericarp |
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| The middle layer of the pericarp |
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| Dry fruits that stay intact, often with the fruit wall surround the seed(s) |
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| Tomato, eggplant, bell peper, kiwi, blueberry |
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| Simple fleshy fruit derived from inferior ovary surrounded by a fleshy hypanthium (receptacle). Apples |
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| Fruit derived from several ovaries of a single flower, pericarp with fleshy mesocarp and stony or hard endocarp; usually single seed. Blackberry |
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| Pericarp with fleshy mesocarp and stony or hard endocarp; usually single sead. Peach |
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| Most of fruit derived from receptacle; individual ovaries form berries, drupes, or achenes. Strawberry |
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| Hard exocarp and single seed; usually attached to extra tissue. Acorn |
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| An achenelike fruit with a flat, winglike outgrowth. Maple leaf |
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| Partitions evident in cross section; leathery and glandular exocarp separable from inner layers. Orange |
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| Fruit of one carpel; splits along two seams. Bean |
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Definition
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| No partitions evident in cross section; leathery to woody exocarp inseparable from inner layers. Cucumber |
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Definition
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Term
| The outer surfaces of the leaf are covered by |
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Definition
| An upper and lower epidermis |
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Term
| Highly specialized epidermal cells occurring in pairs to form tiny openings |
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Definition
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Term
| Tiny openings in guard cells |
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Term
| The evaporation of water from plants |
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Definition
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| Photosynthetic cells that make up the majority of the mesophyll |
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Definition
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Term
| In many plants, it is divided into two distinct layers |
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Definition
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Term
| The upper half of the leaf is composed of 1 to 3 layers of tightly packed column shaped cells called |
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Definition
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Term
| The lower layer is composed of loosely and irregularly arranged cells called |
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Definition
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Term
| The vascular tissue that transports water and nutrients from the roots through the stem continues into the leaf via |
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Definition
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Term
| Usually in the upper part of the vein and is responsible for delivering water and dissolved nutrients tot the leaf from the stem |
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Definition
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Term
| Usually located in the lower part of the vein and is responsible for transporting organic product (mostly sucrose) from the leaves to other parts of the plant |
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Definition
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Term
| Attaches the leaf to the stem of the plant. |
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Definition
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Term
| The broad flat portion of the leaf |
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Definition
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Term
| Not all leaves have petioles; some are directly attached to the stem like those of goldenrod and are said to be |
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Definition
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Term
| Leaves may have a single blade |
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Definition
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Term
| Leave may be made up of several blades (leaflets) arranged on a petiole |
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Definition
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Term
| Found between the angle of the petiole and the stem (the axil) and may form a new shoot, leaf, or a flower |
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Definition
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Term
| Leaves that bear leaflets on either side of an extension formed by the petiole |
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Definition
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Term
| The extension formed by the petiole of pinnately compound leaves |
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Definition
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Term
| Leaves that bear leaflets that are all attached at a common point at the tip of the petiole |
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Definition
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Term
| When there is only one leaf per node on a stem |
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Definition
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Term
| When there are two leaves at each node located on opposite sides of the stem |
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Definition
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| When there are three or more leaves per node |
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Definition
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Term
| Typical of most monocots (grasses, irises, and cat-tail) where the main veins run parallel to one another lengthwise in the blade as they do in many of the grasses |
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Definition
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Term
| Typical of most eudicots (roses, oaks, and sunflowers) where the main veins branch and smaller veins form a visible interconnected network |
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Definition
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Term
| Several major vains radiate out from one point (red maple) |
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Definition
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| Where the veins branch off along one main vein (willow) |
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Term
| Animals have been classified into about _____ different phyla |
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Definition
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Term
| _____ phyla consist entirely of invertebrate animals |
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Definition
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Term
| ____ phyla (phylum) of animals, contains vertebrates |
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Definition
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Term
| "Pore-bearing animals" contains the sponges. They have a simple body plan with no true tissues or organs. They are often considered to be more a collection of aggregated cells rather than truly multicellular |
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Definition
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Term
| Contains many marine animals including corals, jellyfish, and sea anemones. They have 2 true tissue layers, with a jelly-like layer in between. Characterized by the presence of cnidocytes, which are specialized stinging cells. They have radial symmetry. |
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Definition
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Term
| Contains the flatworms. Have 3 true tissue layers and bilateral symmetry and a true head and tail. |
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Term
| Roundworms. Most are small and free-living worms, but some are parasitic. Humans are susceptible to a number of these parasites including pinworms, intestinal roundworms, and Trichinella. |
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Definition
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Term
| Segmented worms. Common earthworms and leeches. |
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| Generally soft-bodied animals with shells. Clams, oysters, snails, slugs, octopuses, and squids. Characterized by a muscular foot for locomotion, a mantle which covers the internal organs, and a sharp feeding organ known as a radula |
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Term
| Means spiny skin. Members have an internal skeleton, and have a water vascular system used in locomotion, feeding, and circulation. Sea stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, and brittle stars |
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Definition
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Term
| Includes spiders, ticks, mites, scorpions, centipedes, millipedes, shrimp, crabs, and insects. They have a rigid external skeleton and jointed appendages. They are coelomates and their circulatory system is open. The external skeleton, or exoskeleton, is made of chitin, which is a long chain of nitrogen-containing sugar molecules |
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| Live in marine and freshwater environments. Differ from other arthropods because they have fundamentally biramous or double-branched appendages. Crawfish, crabs, shrimp, lobster |
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Term
| Named for the presences of a notochord at some stage of development. Other characteristics found during at least some life stage are a hollow, dorsal nerve cord, a post-anal tail, and pharyngeal slits |
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Definition
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Term
| Includes animals that have a backbone composed of vertebrae |
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Definition
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Term
| Notochord during early development. Tunicates |
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Definition
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Term
| Notochord persists throughout life. Lancelets |
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Definition
| Subphylum Cephalochordata |
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Term
| They lack a vertebral column. Jawless fish have elongated, eel-like bodies, and they lack paired fins. Hagfish and lampreys |
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Definition
| Class Agnatha (Jawless Fishes) |
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Term
| Cartilaginous fish. Members have a skeleton made entirely of cartilage. Sharks, skates, and rays |
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Definition
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Term
| Bony fish are characterized by then, flexible fins, as well as a swim bladder for buoyancy. Goldfish, trout, catfish, perch, seahorses, and tuna |
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Definition
| Class Osteichthyes (Ray-finned Fishes) |
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Term
| Bony fish that are characterized by lungs and by fleshy fins that can be used to "walk" along the bottom underwater. |
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Definition
| Class Osteichthyes (Lobe-finned Fishes and Lungfishes) |
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Term
| Salamanders, caecilians, and frogs. Most are adapted to life on land, few have the ability to be completely independent of aquatic habitats. The skin is permeable to water and they are therefore highly susceptible to dehydration |
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Definition
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Term
| Amniotes: their embryos are surrounded by a protective, fluid-filled membrane called an amnion. Have shelled eggs that can develop on land rather than being dependent on water. Turtles, tortoises, lizards, snakes, alligators, and crocidiles. |
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| Characterized by feathers and hollow bones adapted for flight |
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Definition
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Term
| Characterized by hair, sweat glands, and mammary glands. Mammals produce milk to nourish their young. Most give birth to live young, although there are three species of egg-laying ones. |
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