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Definition
| any cell in a multicellular organism except a sperm or egg cell or a cell that develops into a sperm or egg |
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| where egg and sperm are made in the ovaries and testes of humans |
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| the division of a single nucleus into two genetically identical daughter nuclei. |
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| in a sexually reproducing organism, the division of a single diploid nucleus into four haploid daughter nuclei....produces haploid gametes from diploid cells in the reproductive organs of the parents (along with cytokinesis.) |
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| In an organism that reproduces sexually, a cell containing two homologous sets of chromosomes, one set inherited from each parent; a 2n cell. |
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| In the life cycle of an organism that reproduces sexually, a cell containing a single set of chromosomes; an n cell |
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| a structure in an animal cell composed of cylinders of microtubule triplets arranged in a 9 and 0 pattern. An animal usually has a centrosome with a pair of these involved in cell division. |
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| the division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells; usually occurs during telophase of mitosis. |
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| the region of a duplicated chromosome where two sister chromatids are joined and where spindle microtubles attach during mitosis and meiosis.; divides at the onset of anaphase during mitosis and anaphase II during meiosis |
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| One of the two identical parts of a duplicated chromosome in a eukaryotic cell (yes, these are identical) |
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| an alternative version of a gene |
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| the exchange of segments between chromatids of homologous chromosomes during synapsis in prophase I of meiosis; also, the exchange of segments between DNA molocules in prokaryotes. |
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| a sex cell; a haploid egg or sperm. |
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| a discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA (or RNA in some viruses). Most are located in a eukaryote's chromosomal DNA; a few are carried by the DNA of mitochondria and chloroplasts. |
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Term
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Definition
| in the life cycle of an organism that reproduces sexually, a cell containing a single set of chromosomes; an n cell. |
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| the 2 chromosomes that make up a matched pair in a diploid cell; same length, centromere position, and staining pattern and possess genes for the same characteristics at corresponding loci. One of these is inherited from the organism's father, the other from the mother. |
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| the synthesis is RNA on a DNA template |
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| the synthesis of a polypeptide using the genetic information encoded in an mRNA molecule. There is a change of "language" from nucleotides to amino acids. |
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