Term
|
Definition
| the professional and legal obligation to be competent custodians of any victims that are encountered; any criminal investigations that are initiated; and any evidence that supports or refutes allegations of criminal activity against accused suspects |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| corrupt or illegal acts committed by law enforcement in order to secure or maintain an arrest or conviction, or some other worthy end |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| those uniformed police assigned to move in a pattern within designated areas of a community by foot, horse, bicycle, motorcycle, or a marked patrol car; they know where crime hotspots are |
|
|
Term
1. the seriousness of the offense
2. the protection of the community |
|
Definition
| What are the two variables considered by officers in their responses? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the arbitrary punishment of certain individuals or groups for legal violations or crimes, rather than equal punishment for all known offenders |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| discrimination against an entire racial group based on the presumpption tat all members share criminal traits or tendencies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| requires law enforcement on the scene to make an arrest at the scene if there is probable cause that a crime has been committed; exist to prevent law enforcement from making subjective determinations about whether or not to arrest during a domestic violence call |
|
|
Term
1. No chase
2. Felony chase: they will only pursue suspects when they have probable cause to believe that a serious felony has been committed or perhaps a reasonable belief that a filony will be avioded by the suspect immediate capture
3. Mandatory chase |
|
Definition
| Types of departmental policies regarding high speed chases |
|
|
Term
| acceptance of meals and gifts |
|
Definition
| ______ is the most common form and most extensive form of police corruption. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a chaged used by police agencies to discipline its officers for any behavior that violates deprtmental rules and virtues; it is used as a catch-all charge |
|
|
Term
| Law Enforcement Officers Safety Act |
|
Definition
| created a general nationwide recognition that the public is better served by allowing law enforcement officers to carry theor firearms outside of their urisdictions whether they are on or off duty |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| those surrounding police authority to stop and search persons and their property for evidence related tp a crime, so long as they have probable cause to believe that a crime has occrred and that the person being stopped is the one responsible |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| exists when known facts and circumstances, of a reasonably trust worthy nature, are sufficient to justify a person of reasonable caution or prudence to believe that a crime has been committed by the person being arrested |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| this level of confidence is sometimes considered a gut feeling, or hunch, that leads the individual to question a particular circumstance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| this level od confidence is intended tp describe facts and circumstances that may lead an pfficer to believe that a person will be involved in a crime, or was involved in a crime. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a general term that refers to law enforcement inducing a person to committ criminal acts, specifically one that they would not have otherwise been likely to committ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a voluntary statement, written or recorded, by a criminal suspect that acknowledges guilt for a particular crime |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a voluntary statement, ritten or recorded, by a criminal suspect, acknowledging a particular decision or activity associated with a crime |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an involuntaary statement of guilt made under duress |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the use of force, threats, or intimidation to gain someone's compliance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the branch of the criminal justice system that deals with the adjudication and exoneration or punishment of criminal defendants |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a judge or a jury, that determines legal guilt or innocence of a criminal defendant |
|
|
Term
1. they have the responsibility to ensure due process
2. they have an obligation to police the courtroom and the courts for bad actors, which includes unethical attorneys and judges |
|
Definition
| What are the two primary roles that judges play in the CJ arena? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the promise that any litigant or lawyer appearing before a judge can be certain that the judge will rule according to applicable rules ad precedents without any external influence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the court's obligation to conduct itself without emotion or bias |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when a judge becomes so involved in a case that they actually take sides |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when a person or an agency has competing loyalties, or loyalties that are at odds, because of their need to satisy multiple roles, duties, or obligations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| creatin sircumstances that require a judg eto step aside from hearing a case |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a group of men and women lawfully selected, convened, and sworn to investigate a legal dispute, and then render an impartial finding in accordance with the law |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| _____ is the constitutional right of US citizens, preserved by the 6th amendement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| testimony, writing, material objects, or other things presented to the senses that are offereed to prove the existence or non-existence of a fact |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| means tht evidence introduced is of such character that the ourt or judge is cound to recieve it; that is, allow it to be introduced at trial |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| every defendant is entitled to an adequate defende, which includes reasonable access to scientific expert assistance should the need arise |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| qualified to testify by vitue of knowledge, skill, experience, training, or education, at the discretion of the judge |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a generic term used to describe someone that reports misconduct within their own agency or institution; those making disclsures to external governement agencies or to the public |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| failure to report knowledge of any wrongdoing up the chain of command |
|
|
Term
| the US Dept of Labor's Department of Occupational and Safety and Health Administration; Has a whistleblower protection program which enforces the whistleblower provisions to protect employees who report violations of various workplace safety guidelines |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Obama signed the Whitsleblower Protection Enhancement Act of 2012 into law to fund and broaden protections for federal employees seeking to report misconduct, fraud, illegality |
|
Definition
| What was the WPEA intended for? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An action by a cj practitioner that results in injury, insult, trespass on human dignity, manifest feelings of inferiority, and/or violate an inherent legal right; may include use of ecessive physical force, causing emotional or psychological distress through the use of verbal assault, ridicule, or harrassment, or violation of citizens federal or state constitutional rights |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| items of value recieved by a person becaise of their role or position, rather than because of physical relationship with the giver |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| something clearly given without strings attached; ex: a citizen pays an officers mel witout telling the officer; judgement is not affected |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| any exploittion of ones role, such as accepting bribes or protection money; use of position for dishonest gain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a type of graft paid for recommending someone, such as defense lawyers, bondsmen, or wrecker drivers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| money or favor given or promised in order to influence; something that serves to induce or influence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| condemnation of the condemner |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| appeal to higher loyalties |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Denial of responsibility
2. Denial of injury
3. Denial of victim
4.
condemnation of condemner
5. Appeal to higher loyalties |
|
Definition
| 5 techniques for justifying defiance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the cj practitioner gains economically by providing services or failing to provide services that should be required by their position |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a subdivision of a national culture forming a functioning unity which has an integrated impact on the participating individual |
|
|
Term
1. Police are the only real crimefighters
2. No one else inderstands the work of police
3. Loyalty counts more than anything
4. It is impossible to win the war on crime without bending the rules
5. The public is demandin and non-supporative
6. Working in patrol is the least desirable job in police work |
|
Definition
| 6 beliefs of the police subculture |
|
|
Term
1. External: Constitutional, criminal, common, and civil law
2. Internal: Depertmental policies and procedures, practices, and rules/regulations
3. Customs and practices: sanctions by members of the police agency; informal system can either prevent or promote police deviance |
|
Definition
| three sets of standards that apply to cj misconduct |
|
|
