Polymorphonuclearleukocytes

granular cytoplasm and irregularly shaped lobes on the nuclei

Gut Associated Lymphoid Tissue

main site for synthesizing antibodies

macrophage- processes antigen

b lymphocyte- antibody producing cell

t lymphocyte- produce chem compounds regulate growth and development

1. Ag exposed on B-cell with MHC II Ag
2. T-cell Recognizes and binds Ag and MHC II AG
3. Stimulates T-cell to produce cytokines
4. Ab molecules enter circulation bind to free Ag
5. Ab molecules- immunoglobulin (Ig)
6. some B cells- memory cells

Gamma Globulin- major circulating Ab

placenta->fetus

long term resistence

cluster 5 y-shaped molecules held together by glycoproteins

1st to appear in immune response

largest Ig

2 y-shaped held by J chains

secretory form found in body- saliva tears etc

found in body fluids and skin

plays role in all allergies

antigen receptor  on early B-cells

bind viruses to neutralize so they cant enter host cells

Ab= agglutinin

ab binds to Ag on surface and clumping occurs

enhances phagocytosis

Ab= precipitin

Ab reacts with dissolved Ag and forms Lattice-like combo that precipitates out of solution more easily phagocytes

Ab= opsonin

Fab part of Ag binds to Ag

stimulates phagocytosis

I. anaphylactic...immeadiate

II. cytotoxic

III. immune complex
IV. delayed hypersensitivity... cellular

Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Disorder

person has no B or T cells

some viruses can incorporate bacterial DNA into their own DNA and carry some of the chromosomes with them

transfer on DNA with bacterial viruses as the vector

conjugation

mutation

transformartion

transduction