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Final
Psychology Final
68
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
12/11/2012

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
ID
(Devisions of the Mind)
Definition
First Devision of the Mind, contains two biological drives (sex and motivation) that are the source of all psychic energy, the id's goal is to pursue pleasure and satisfy the biological drives.
Term
EGO
(Devisions of the Mind)
Definition
Second Devision of the Mind, develops from the id during infancy, its goal is to find safe and socially acceptable ways of satisfying the id's desires and to negotiate between the id's wants and the supergo's prohibitions.
Term
SUPEREGO
(Devisions of the Mind)
Definition
Third Devision of the Mind, develops from the ego during early childhood, its goal is to apply the moral values and standards of one's parents and society in satisfying one's wishes.
Term
ORAL STAGE
(Psychosexual Stages)
Definition
Lasts for the first 18 months of life and is a time when the infant's pleasure seeking is centered on the mouth.
Term
ANAL STAGE
(Psychosexual Stages)
Definition
Lasts from the age of about 1 1/2 to 3 years and is a time when the infant's pleasure seeking is centered on the anus and it's functions of elimination.
Term
PHALLIC STAGE
(Psychosexual Stages)
Definition
Lasts from the age of about 3 to 6 and is a time when the infant's pleasure seeking is centered on the genitals.
Term
LATENCY STAGE
(Psychosexual Stages)
Definition
Lasts from about age 6 to puberty and is a time when the child represses sexual thoughts and engages in nonsexual activities, such as developing social and intellectual skills.
Term
GENITAL STAGE
(Psychosexual Stages)
Definition
Lasts from puberty through adulthood and is a time when the individual has renewed sexual desires that he or she seeks to fulfill through relationships with other people.
Term
PENIS ENVY
(Psychosexual)
Definition
when a girl feels a loss that she doesn't have a dick which makes her turn away from her mother and have sexual desires for her father #daddyproblems the daughter resolves her Oedipus complex by identifying with her mother if the fixation is not resolve the daughter can continue on in life feeling inferior to men.
Term
OEDIPUS COMPLEX
(Psychosexual)
Definition
a process in which a child competes with the parent of the same sex for the affections and pleasures of the parent of the opposite sex.
Term
FIXATION ORAL
(Psychosexual)
Definition
this stage results in adults who continue to engage in oral activities, such as overeating, gum chewing, or smoking.
Term
FIXATION ANAL
(Psychosexual)
Definition
this stage results in adults who continue to engage in activities of retention or elimination, stingy vs generous.
Term
CONSCIOUS
(Stages of Consciousness)
Definition
wishes, desires, or thoughts that we are aware of, or can recall, at any given moment.
Term
UNCONSCIOUS FORCES
(Stages of Consciousness)
Definition
represent wishes, desires or thoughts that, because of their disturbing or threatening content, we automatically repress and cannot voluntarily access.
Term
UNCONSCIOUS MOTIVATION
(Stages of Consciousness)
Definition
concept that refers to the influence of repressed thoughts, desires, or impulses on our conscious thoughts and behaviors.
Term
RATIONALIZATION
(Defense Mechanisms)
Definition
involves covering up the true reasons for actions, thoughts, or feelings by making up excuses and incorrect explanations.
Term
DENIAL
(Defense Mechanisms)
Definition
is refusing to recognize some anxiety-provoking event or piece of information that is clear to others.
Term
REPRESSION
(
Definition
Term
REPRESSION
(Defense Mechanisms)
Definition
involves blocking and pushing unacceptable or threatening feelings, wishes, or experiences into the unconscious.
Term
PROJECTION
(Defense Mechanisms)
Definition
falsely and unconsciously attributes your own unacceptable feelings, traits, or thoughts to individual or objects.
Term
REACTION FORMATION
(Defense Mechanisms)
Definition
involves substituting behaviors, thoughts, or feelings that are the direct opposite of unacceptable ones.
Term
DISPLACEMENT
(Defense Mechanisms)
Definition
involves transferring feelings about, or response to, an object that causes anxiety to another person or object that is less threatening.
Term
SUBLIMATION
(Defense Mechanisms)
Definition
a type of displacement, involves redirecting a threatening or forbidden desire, usually sexual, into a socially acceptable one.
Term
FUNDAMENTAL ATTRIBUTION ERROR
Definition
refers to our tendency, when we look for causes of a person's behavior, to focus on the person's disposition or personality traits and overlook how the situation influenced the person's behavior.
Term
ACTOR-OBSERVER EFFECT
Definition
refers to the tendency, when you are behaving, to attribute your own behavior to situational factors. However, when you are observing others, you attribute another's behavior to his or her personality traits or disposition.
Term
SELF-SERVING BIAS
Definition
refers to explaining our successes by attributing them to our dispositions or personality traits and explaining our failures by attributing them to the situations.
Term
BYSTANDER EFFECT
Definition
says that an individual may feel inhibited from taking some action because of the presence of others.
Term
DIFFUSION OF RESPONSIBILITY THEORY
Definition
says that in the presence of others individuals feel less personal responsibility and are less likely to take action in a situation where help is required.
Term
ATTITUDE
Definition
any belief or opinion that includes an evaluation of some object, person or event along a continuum from negative to positive and that predisposes us to act in a certain way toward that object, person or event.
Term
COGNITIVE COMPONENT
(Attitude)
Definition
includes both thoughts and beliefs that are involved in evaluating some object, person, or idea.
Term
AFFECTIVE COMPONENT
(Attitude)
Definition
involves emotional feelings that can be weak or strong, positive or negative.
Term
BEHAVIORAL COMPONENT
(Attitude)
Definition
involves performing or not performing some behavior.
Term
COGNITIVE DISSONANCE
Definition
a state of unpleasant psychological tension that motivates us to reduce our cognitive in consistencies by making our beliefs more consistent with our behavior.
Term
SOCIAL FACILITATION
Definition
is an increase in performance in the presence of a crowd.
Term
SOCIAL INHIBITION
Definition
is a decrease in performance in the presence of a crowd.
Term
DEINDIVIDUATION
Definition
refers to the increased tendency for subjects to behave irrationally or perform antisocial behaviors when there is less chance of being personally identified.
Term
CONFORMITY
Definition
refers to any behavior you perform because of group pressure, even though that pressure might not involve direct requests.
Term
OBEDIENCE
Definition
refers to performing some behavior in response to an order given by someone in a position of power or authority.
Term
AGRESSION
Definition
any behavior directed towards another that is intended to cause harm.
Term
FRUSTRATION-AGGRESSION HYPOTHESIS
Definition
says that when our goals are blocked, we become frustrated and respond with anger and aggression.
Term
DSM IV
Definition
describes a uniform system for assessing specific symptoms and matching them to almost 300 different mental disorders.
Term
GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER
Definition
characterized by excessive or unrealistic worry about almost everything or feeling that something bad is about to happen.
Term
PANIC DISORDER
Definition
characterized by recurrent and unexpected panic attacks.
Term
PHOBIA
Definition
anxiety disorder characterized by an intense and irrational fear that is out of all proportion to the possible danger of the object or situation.
Term
SOCIAL PHOBIAS
Definition
are characterized by irrational, marked, and continuous fear of performing in social situations. They fear they will humiliate or embarrass themselves.
Term
SPECIFIC PHOBIAS
Definition
formerly called simple phobias, characterized by marked and persistent fears that are unreasonable and triggered by anticipation of a specific object or situation.
Term
AGORAPHOBIA
Definition
characterized by anxiety about being in places or situations from which escape might be difficult or embarrassing if a panic attack were to occur.
Term
OCD
Definition
consists of obsessions, which are persistent, recurring irrational thoughts, impulses, or images that a person is unable to control and that interfere with normal functioning.
Term
PTSD
Definition
is a disabling condition that results from personally experiencing an event that involves actual or threatened death or serious injury or from witnessing or hearing of such an event happening to a family member or close friend.
Term
SOMATOFORM DISORDER
Definition
marked by a pattern of recurring, multiple, and significant bodily symptoms that extend over several years, the bodily symptoms are not under voluntary control, have no known physical causes and are believed to be controlled by psychological factors.
Term
SOMATOFORM DISORDER
Definition
marked by a pattern of recurring, multiple, and significant bodily symptoms that extend over several years, the bodily symptoms are not under voluntary control, have no known physical causes and are believed to be controlled by psychological factors.
Term
PARANOID PERSONALITY DISORDER
Definition
a pattern of distrust and suspiciousness and perceiving others as having evil motives.
Term
SCHIZOTYPAL PERSONALITY DISORDER
Definition
characterized by an acute discomfort in close relationships, distortions in thinking, and eccentric behavior.
Term
HISTRIONIC PERSONALITY DISORDER
Definition
characterized by excessive emotionally and attention seeking.
Term
OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE PERSONALITY DISORDER
Definition
is an intense interest in being orderly, achieving perfection, and having control.
Term
DEPENDENT PERSONALITY DISORDER
Definition
refers to a pattern of being submissive and clingy because of an excessive need to be taken care of.
Term
ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITY DISORDER
Definition
refers to a pattern of disregarding or violating the rights of others without feeling guilt or remorse.
Term
AMNESIA
(Dissociative Disorders)
Definition
characterized by the inability to recall important personal info or events and is usually associated with stressful or traumatic events.
Term
FUGUE
(Dissociative Disorder)
Definition
disturbance marked by suddenly and unexpectedly traveling away from ones home or place of work and being unable to recall ones past. The person may not remember his or her identity or may be confused about his or her new assumed identity.
Term
IDENTITY
(Dissociative Disorder)
Definition
is the presence of two or more distinct identities or personality states, each with its own pattern or perceiving, thinking about, and relating to the world. Different personality states may take control of the individuals thoughts and behaviors at different times.
Term
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER
(Mood Disorder)
Definition
marked by at least two weeks of continually being in a bad mood, having no interest in anything, and getting no pleasure from activities.
Term
BIPOLAR I DISORDER
(Mood Disorder)
Definition
marked by fluctuations of episodes of depression and mania. A manic episode goes on for at least a week, during which a person is unusually euphoric, cheerful, and high.
Term
DYSTHYMIC DISORDER
(Mood Disorder)
Definition
characterized by be3ing chronically but not continuously depressed for a period of 2 years.
Term
SCHIZOPHRENIA
(Subcategories)
Definition
(paranoid)-characterized by auditory hallucinations or delusions, such as thoughts of being persecuted by other or thoughts of grandeur.
(disorganized)-marked by bizarre ideas, often by ones body, bones melting, confused speech, childish behavior, great emotional swings, and often extreme neglect of personal appearance and hygiene.
(catatonic)-characterized by periods of wild excitement, or periods of rigid, prolonged immobility; sometimes a person assumes the same frozen posture for hours on end.
Term
SCHIZOPHRENIA
(Symptoms)
Definition
1) Disorder of thought
2) Disorders of attention
3) Disorders of perception
4) Motor Disorders
5) Emotional Disorders
Term
SCHIZOPHRENIA
(Types)
Definition
Type 1- includes having positive symptoms, such as hallucinations and delusions, which are a distortion of normal functions. In addition, this group has no intellectual impairment, good reaction to medicine, and thus a good chance of recovery.
Type 2- includes having negative symptoms, such as dulled emotions and little inclination to speak, which are a loss of normal functions. In addition, this group has intellectual impairment, poor reaction to medication, and thus a poor chance of recovery.
Term
CAUSES OF MENTAL ILLNESS
Definition
1) genetic factors
2) neurological factors
3) environmental factors
Term
ROLE OF CULTURE
Definition
a pattern of mental illness or abnormal behavior that is unique to a ethnic or cultural population and does not match the Western classifications of mental disorders.
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