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| what characteristics do living things have in common? |
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| have cells, be able to reproduce, have DNA. use energy, maintain a stable internal environment, evolve, grow and develop, respond to their environment. |
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| what is a scientific theory |
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| what structures are found only in plant cells |
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| chloroplast and cell wall |
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| what is the cell membrane made of |
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Definition
| lipid bilayer made of fat |
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| what does selective permeability mean |
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| allows only some go in and out |
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| what the the two types of transport |
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| active and passive transport |
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| what is passive transport |
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| high to low/ more to less |
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| what is hypertonic solutions |
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| what is hypotonic solutions |
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| how is energy released from ATP |
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| breaking the phosphate bonds |
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| the process that plants use to make food for themselves through sunlight |
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| what tie the chemical equation of the photosynthesis |
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Definition
6CO + 6H O ---> C H O + 6O
light |
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| what is the total amount of ATP made for cellular (aerobic) respiration? |
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| what is cellular respiration |
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| where does cellular respiration take place |
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| what is the chemical equation of cellular respiration |
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| 6O + C H O ---> 6CO + 6H O + ENERGY |
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| what is more effective: aerobic cellular respiration of fermentation? |
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| aerobic cellular respiration |
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| what is the longest phase of the cell cycle |
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| what is made at the end of mitosis? |
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| chromosomes line up in the middle |
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| what is the splitting of the cytoplasm called |
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| how is mitosis different in animal and plant cells |
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| what is made at the end of meiosis |
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| 4 daughter cells with 1/2 chromosomes |
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| what is the difference between meiosis and mitosis |
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| mitosis happens twice (sex cells) |
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| physical characteristics of an organism |
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| two identical alleles for a particular trait |
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| two different alleles for the same trait |
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| who is known as the father of genetics |
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| what term describes when two alleles affect the phenotype of an organism by blending together |
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| what term describes two alleles affect the phenotype of an organism but without blending |
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| what is trait determined by more than one pair of alleles or more that on gene |
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| what genotypes are used to represent males and females |
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| what is a chromosomal mutations |
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| change in genetic material |
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| what is a diagram that allows you to follow or trace a trait through several generations |
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| what is a picture of your chromosomes that arranges them into pairs and then orders them by size |
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| what are the 3 parts of a nucleotide |
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| sugar, phosphate, and nitrogen base |
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| what are the 4 bases in DNA |
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Definition
| adenine, guanine, cytosine. and thymine. |
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| how do they bases in DNA pair up |
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| what discovered the shape of DNA |
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| what are the differences between DNA and RNA |
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Definition
DNA is double strained, base T and deoxyribase sugar
RNA is single stranded, base U and ribo sugar |
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| what is the function of mRNA |
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Definition
| copies DNA goes to ribosomes |
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| what is the function of tRNA |
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Definition
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| what is the name of the process that makes RNA from DNA |
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| 3 nitrogen bases (nucleotide) |
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| what is the name of the process that makes proteins using RNA |
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| what do proteins consist of |
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| change in one or few nucleotides |
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| what is a frameshift mutation |
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Definition
| added or deleted nucleotides |
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| in replication what amino acid goes to what |
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Definition
| A to T, T to A, G to C, C to G |
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| in transcription what amino acid goes to what |
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| if their is 20 pieces of adenine bases how many thymine should their be |
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| how many parts does a nucleotide have |
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| what is the definition of natural selection |
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| trait that increases chance of survival |
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| what is better camouflage or mimicry |
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| what is the 5 types of evidence for evolution |
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Definition
| fossil record, geographic distribution of living species, homologous body structures, and similarities embryology |
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| what are the three types of natural selection |
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Definition
| stabilizing, directional. and disruptive. |
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| what is stabilizing, natural selection |
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Definition
| center of curve highest fitness |
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| what is directional, natural selection |
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Definition
| one end of curve is higher fitness |
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| what is disruptive, natural selection |
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Definition
| both ends of the curve is higher fitness |
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Definition
| similar organisms that can reproduce |
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Term
| what is reproductive isolation mechanisms |
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Definition
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Term
| what is behavioral isolation mechanisms |
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Definition
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| what is geographic isolation mechanisms |
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Definition
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| what is temporal isolation mechanisms |
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Definition
| different reproduce times |
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| particles of nucleic acid, proteins |
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| what happens during the lytic cycle |
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| what happens during the lysogenic cycle |
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| which is more harmful: lytic or lysogenic cycle |
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| how are both HIV and AIDS related |
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Definition
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| how can humans fight viral infections |
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| what do bacteria need in order for them to grow |
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| study of interactions of organisms |
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| put biosphere, community, ecosystem, organism,population in order from smallest to largest |
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| organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere |
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| what is the symbiotic relationship of mutualism |
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| what is the symbiotic relations of commensalism |
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Definition
| one benefits other nothing |
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| what is the symbiotic relationship of parasitism |
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| eats both meat and plants |
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| what are the steps in the water cycle |
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| evaporate, condense, precipitate, run off |
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| most individuals population can have |
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| what is the function of the nervous system |
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Definition
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| what is the function of the endocrine system |
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Definition
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| what is the function of the digestive system |
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Definition
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| what is the function of the circulatory system |
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Definition
| move material around body |
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| what is the function of the excretory system |
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Definition
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| what are the two major divisions of the nervous system |
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Definition
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| what does the central division of the nervous system control |
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Definition
| the brain and spinal cord |
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| what does the perphera division of the nervous system control |
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Definition
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| what is the function of the cerebrum |
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Definition
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| what is the function of the cerebellum |
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Definition
| controls muscles, keeps balance |
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| what is the function of the brain stem |
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Definition
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| what part of the neuron sends messages |
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Definition
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| what part of the neuron receives messages |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
| how do impulses travel from neuron to neuron if they do not touch? |
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Definition
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| what are the 3 types of neurons |
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Definition
| sensory, motor, internueron |
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| what do the sensory neurons control |
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Definition
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| what do the motor neurons control |
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Definition
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| what do the internueron neurons control |
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Definition
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| what structure are included in the integumentary system |
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Definition
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| what are the 5 functions of the integumentary system |
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Definition
| protect against the sun, removes waste, regulates temperature, and barrier to germs |
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| what are the components of blood. |
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| plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets |
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Definition
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| what does red blood cells do |
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Definition
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| what does the white blood cells do |
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Definition
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Definition
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| what are the types of blood vessels |
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| arteries, veins, and capillaries |
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| what are the five nonspecific defenses your body uses to fight disease/ infection |
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Definition
| skin, tears, swear, mucus, and oil |
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| what is the scientific term for the white blood cell |
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| what are the 5 functions of the skeletal system |
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Definition
| makes blood, movement, storage, protects organs, and supports body |
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| where is the ball and socket joint |
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Definition
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| where is the gliding joint |
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| attaches muscles to bones |
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| what are the three types of muscles found in the body |
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Definition
| cardiac, skeletal, smooth |
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| where is the cardiac muscle and is it voluntary or involuntary |
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Definition
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| where is the skeletal muscle and is it voluntary or involuntary |
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Definition
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| where is the smooth muscle and is it voluntary or involuntary |
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Definition
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| put the following in order that food would pass: esophagus, large intestine, mouth, small intestine, and stomach |
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Definition
| mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine |
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