Term
| major features of the national government |
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Definition
-separation of powers
-checks and balances
-federalism |
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Term
| major weaknesses of the articles of confederation |
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Definition
-unicameral national legislature
-one vote per state
-unanimous vote to amend AoC
-authority in the political system resided with the states(ie a confederal system of government)
-colonists wary of centralized power |
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Term
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Definition
-thought state of nature was neutral-to-evil (people are a mix of good and evil, some are more evil than others)
-he established a limited government to protect our natural born rights |
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Term
| how to amend the constitution |
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Definition
(Proposal and Ratification)
proposal-2/3 vote in both houses of congress
ratification-3/4 of state legislatures..usual. OR 3/4 of state conventions |
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Term
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Definition
case history: enumerated powers do not mention establishing a national bank.
--congress established a nat. bank in maryland
--maryland imposed a huge tax on the bank
--bank refused to pay
SO:
congress does have the right to establish a national bank |
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Term
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Definition
| states are normally expected to recongize and honor laws of other states |
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Term
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Definition
| federal law is awesome and more important than state law |
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Term
| Divsion of Powers: of congress, of the states, and concurrent powers |
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Definition
of congress: enumerated powers
of the states: 10th ammendment
concurrent: powers available to the NG and the states and can be applied to the same group of citizens (ie taxing power) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| protections under the 1st ammendment |
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Definition
-press
-religion
-expression
-assembly/speech
-to petition the government |
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Term
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Definition
-under 1st ammeendment
-gov cannot pass laws prohibiting the free exrecise of religion.
-free exercise issues would be like religous practices that conflict with establishment laws |
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Term
| Lemon vs. Kurtzman (the lemon test) |
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Definition
| government aid to parochial school is constitutional |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| forbid states from denying citizens of equal protection of the law/right to vote cant be denied based on race |
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Term
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Definition
| seperate but equal public facilities was constitutional (supported jim crow laws) |
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Term
| protected and not protected speech and miller vs. california |
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Definition
unprotected: obscenity and slander
miller case: local community standards to define whats obscene |
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Term
| clear and present danger test |
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Definition
| speech that provokes a clear and present danger to public security can be restricted by gov |
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Term
ny times vs. u.s.
(press) |
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Definition
| the US gov failed to prove that immediate harm to the nat gov security would occurif published |
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Term
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Definition
right to a speedy trial
right to a trial by jury |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| no unreasonable search and siezure |
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Term
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Definition
Prohibited: discrimination in all public accomadations eg, hotels, movies, restaurants
Banned: employment discrimination based on race, religion, national origin, or gender |
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Term
| voting rights act of 1965 |
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Definition
| Prohibited the use of any procedure that denied a person the right to vote based on race, eg, literacy test, intimidation |
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Term
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Definition
| polices/procedures designed to compensate for past discrimination |
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Term
| Reagents of Cali U. vs. Bakke |
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Definition
when 16 adminttance slots are reserved for minority students.
(struck down the use of racial quotas) |
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Term
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Definition
| what the public thinks about a particular issue, event, person. |
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Term
| Fuctions performed by political parties |
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Definition
-simplify political choices
-recruit canidates to run for office
-mechanism for mass participation |
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Term
| Democrats vs. Republicans |
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Definition
Dems:
-liberal/gov has active role
-ensure health and safety
-ensure equality
less $ to military
Repubs:
-conservative/ gov has limited role
-cut taxes
-more $ to military |
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