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final
final exam review
28
Political Studies
Undergraduate 1
05/02/2010

Additional Political Studies Flashcards

 


 

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Term
Economic Interest Group
Definition
organize to influence government policy for the benefit of members
Term
Equal Opportunity Interest Group
Definition
organize to promote the civil and economic rights of underrepresnted or disadvantaged groups
Term
Public Interest Groups
Definition
organize to influence government to produce collective goods or services that benefit the general public
Term
Government interest groups
Definition
organize to lobby the us federal government to influence national policy
Term
Indirect Lobbying
Definition
attempts to influence government policymakers by encouraging the general public to put pressure on them
Term
Direct Lobbying
Definition
directi nteraction with public officials for the purpose of influencing policy decisions
Term
Astroturf Lobbying
Definition
indriect lobbying efforts by interest groups that manipulate or create public sentiment
Term
Hard Money
Definition
made directly to candidates for specific elections
Term
Soft Money
Definition
contributions to political to be used to however the party sees fit
Term
Partisan bias
Definition
democratic and republican paper, early on in america all media was partisan
Term
Commerical Bias
Definition
more interested in selling you stuff (america is now a commerical bias)
Term
Legal Obstacles to voting in the us
Definition
registration, tuesday voting, frequency of elections
Term
Proportional Representation
Definition
allocates legislative seats accoring to the percentage of votes a party recieves
Term
Single Member District Representation
Definition
winner takes all, divide an area into districts who ever gets 51% of the votes, wins
Term
Prospecitve Voting
Definition
basing voting decisions on well informed opinions and consideration of the future consequences of a given vote
Term
Retrospective Voting
Definition
basing voting decisions on reactions to past performances; approving the status quo or signaling a desire for change
Term
Valence Issue
Definition
an issue on which voters and candidates share the same position
Term
Wedge Issue
Definition
a controversial issue that one party uses to split the voters in the other party
Term
Position issue
Definition
an issue on which the parties differ in their perspectives and proposed solutions
Term
Cooporative Federalism
Definition
federal system under which the national and state governmetns share responsbilities for most domestic policy areas
Term
Dual Federalism
Definition
federal system under which the national and state governments were responsible for separate policy areas
Term
Categorical Grants
Definition
federal funds provided for a specific purpose; restircted by detailed instructions, and regulations
Term
Block Grants
Definition
federal funds provided for a broad purpose; unrestricted by detailed requirments and regulations
Term
Unfunded Mandate
Definition
federal order that the states operate and pay fofr a program created at the national level
Term
Driving popluation growth in texas
Definition
legal and illegal immigration, legendary status, no income tax, friendly business climate, low unemployment rate
Term
population in texas
Definition
25 million
Term
six flags
Definition
spain,france,mexico,republic of texs, confederacy, and U.S
Term
Quorum
Definition
minimum number of members of a deliberative bodu such as legislature necessary to conduct the business of that group
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