Term
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Definition
Heart rate x stroke volume
(HR x SV) |
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Term
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Definition
volume of blood ejected from heart in 1 minute
4-8 L/min |
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Term
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Definition
amount of blood ejected from left ventricle w/ each heartbeat
70 mL/beat |
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Term
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Definition
stretch of ventricle from force of blood
increased preload, increased stroke volume
decreased preload, decreased stroke volume |
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Term
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Definition
| force of ventricular contraction |
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Term
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Definition
resistance to ventricular ejection of blood
increased afterload, decreased stroke volume
decreased afterload, increased stroke volume |
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Term
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Definition
treat heart failure &b atrial fibrillation
example drugs: digoxin (Lanoxin), digitoxin (Crystodigin) |
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Term
Digitalis - digoxin (Lanoxin)
mecahnism of action |
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Definition
inhibit sodium-potassium pump, causing increased intracellular sodium & calcium, resulting in the heart muscle to contract more efficiently
positive inotropic - increases myocardial contraction stroke volume (makes heart stronger)
negative chronotropic - decreases heart rate
negative dromotropic (regularity) - decreases conduction of heart cells |
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Term
| Non-drug therapy for Heart Failure |
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Definition
2g sodium diet (1tsp)
limit ETOH to 1 drink
smoking cessation
maintaining IBW
mild exercise |
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Term
| Labs to determine cardiac function |
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Definition
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP)
Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) |
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Term
| Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) |
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Definition
released from atria, causing vasodilation & increasing GFR
70-100 pg/mL |
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Term
| Brain Natruretic Peptide (BNP) |
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Definition
more sensitive than ANP
100 pg/mL (+ for HF)
can be artificially elevated in elderly, women, renal, COPD issues |
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Term
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Definition
| treat HF, Atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, atrial tachycardia |
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Term
| Digoxin therapeutic serum level |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
0.5-1 mg in 2 divided doses, then 0.125-0.5 daily
half-life = 36 hours or once a day
PO or IV, reduce dose in elderly b/c of renal issues |
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Term
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Definition
-check heart rate prior to giving; > 60bpm
-caution with hypothyroidism, AMI, renal disease, 2 or 3 heart block |
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Term
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Definition
| anorexia, yellow vision, blurry vision, confusion, fatigue, loss of appetite |
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Term
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Definition
| bradycardia, visual disturbances, AV block |
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Term
| Digoxin drug-drug effects |
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Definition
Hypokalemia increases action of digoxin-->toxic (diuretics, PDN)
increases K+ in diet if on those types of drugs
Do not take at the same time as antacids
Avoid ginseng, St. Johns wort, psyllium, Licorice, aloe, Goldenseal |
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Term
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Definition
not the same as digoxin!
half-life 4-9 days; not used often |
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Term
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Definition
overdose/accumulation of digoxin
therapeutic level drawn if suspected
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