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final
patho final
27
Pathology
Undergraduate 3
05/09/2011

Additional Pathology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
osteoblast
Definition

 

Developed by osteogenic mesenchymal stromal cells. They are the bone forming cell. They respond to parathyroid hormone. They produce type I collagen and osteocalcin(1005)

Term

osteogenic

Definition

Bone producing or derived from bone structures.

Term

osteoclast

Definition
monocyte-macrophage Large, multinucleated cells that develop from hematopoietic in lineage. They are the major reabsorbtive cells of the bone leaving a cavity. (1005)
Term
osteocytes
Definition

 

Transformed osteoblasts that are trapped or surrounded in osteoid as it hardens by calcification. Most numerous bone cell and help dtermine bone structure. (1006)

Term

 

Where does the longitudinal growth of bone occur?

Definition

 

In the growth/epiphyseal plate.

Term

 

What is a break in a bone called?

Definition
A fracture
Term

 

Complete fracture

Definition
broken all the way through.
Term

 

Incomplete fracture

 

 

Definition

 

damaged but still in one piece.

Term

 

Comminuted fracture

Definition
fracture when bone breaks into two or more fragments.
Term

 

Linear fracture

Definition
runs parallel to the long axis of the bone.
Term

 

Spiral fracture

Definition
encircles the bone.
Term

 

Oblique fracture

Definition
oblique break to the shaft of the bone.
Term

 

Transverse fracture

Definition
straight across the bone.
Term

 

Green stick fracture

Definition
- perforates one cortex and splinters the spongy bone.
Term
Torus fracture
Definition
- cortex buckles but does not break.
Term
Bowing fractures
Definition
- longitudinal force is applied, a complete diaphyseal frature.
Term
Pathological fracture
Definition
abnormal fracture with the precursor of a disease. A fracture with force that would not usually fracture a bone. (1028,1029)
Term

 

Why fix fractures

Definition
To prevent misalignment and prevent future complications. (1031)
Term

 

.    Complications most likely to occur with an open transverse fracture is?

Definition
damage to blood vessels or nerves
Term

 

. What causes compartment syndrome.

Definition
Connective tissue that defines the compartment does not stretch, small amounts of bleeding or swelling can cause pressure to rise greatly. This is following a injury or surgery. Produces high amounts of pressure in a small space.
Term
What joint disease is characterized by destruction and loss of cartilage, sclerosis of bone and osteophytes?
Definition

 

Osteoarthritis.

Term
Tendon
Definition
- fibrous connective tissue that attaches skeletal muscle to bone
Term

Ligament

Definition
- band of fibrous connective tissue connecting bones where they meet at a joint. (1032)
Term

 

Cartilage

Definition
- layer of hyaline cartilage that covers the end of each bone. (1012)
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