Term
|
Definition
| Bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoans and worms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Mechanical, Chemical, Microbiolgical |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tight gap junctions, skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Lysozyme in tears, acidity in semen and vaginal secretions |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 4 things that inflammation does? |
|
Definition
| slows pathogen spread, slows pathogen growth, recruits immune celss and molecules, initiates adaptive immune response |
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Term
|
Definition
| Rapid response, fixed, limited number of specificities, constant during response |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| slow response(at first), variable, numberous selective specificities, improves during response |
|
|
Term
| You can survive w/o an ..... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| All immune cells come form the..... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/B/NK cells come from the... |
|
Definition
| Common lymphoid progenitor |
|
|
Term
| -phils, dendritic, macrophages and mast cells come from... |
|
Definition
| Common myeloid progenitor |
|
|
Term
| Neutrophils are stored in the.... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| After cleavage which part of complement tags bacteria for destruction? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| After cleavage which part of complement recruits phagocytes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| C3 contains highly reactive... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The alternative pathway is the ____ to act? (1, 2 or 3) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| C3, +H20, iC3, +B, iC3B, +D, iC3Bb and Ba, +C3, =C3b + C3a |
|
|
Term
| Alternative C3 convertase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _____ Stabilizes convertase to make it work longer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ and _______ kill convertase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If any C3b ends up on our cells, these 3 things will work to inactivate the convertase. |
|
Definition
| Decay Accelerating Factor, Membrane Cofactor Protein, and Factor I |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| CR3 and CR4 recognize.... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| C3b2Bb + C5 = C5b and C5a |
|
|
Term
| C5 recruits a bunch of _____ to form a ______ |
|
Definition
| C9s, Membrane attack comple(MAC) |
|
|
Term
| What blockes C9 recruitment? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the unused pieces of C3 and C5? What are they and what do they do? |
|
Definition
| C3a and C5a. Anaphylatoxins, recruit immune effectors to infection site |
|
|
Term
| Thioester bonds are used by _____ to trap ______ |
|
Definition
| alpha2-macroglobulin thioester bond |
|
|
Term
| What are defensins and what secretes them in the gut? |
|
Definition
| small proteins (+), paneth cells |
|
|
Term
| TLR4 activation sends signals to txn factor... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| NFkB turns on expression of... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inc permeability, inc entry of complement. fever, shock. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| activates lymphocytes, local tissue destruction, inc access of effector cells, fever, PRODUCTION OF IL-6 |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Chemotactic factor recruits neutro. and baso. to infection site |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cells entering tissue, s-Le^x:selectin, CXCL8 receptor, LFA-1:ICAM-1 |
|
|
Term
| Primary inflammatory cytokines |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Example of acute phase protein made in liver |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| C4 fixed to the C2a portion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| C3 alternative convertase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| C1 is used in which pathyway? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1.) induce resistance to viral replication in all cells, 2.) incr expression of ligands for receptors on NK cells, 3.) activate NK cells to kill virus infected cells |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| immunoglobulin and lectin like inhibitory/activating |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cuts and pastes fragments together during lymphocyte development |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cloning of a specific daughter cell |
|
|
Term
| Dendritic cells carry pathogen to lymph tissue by |
|
Definition
| APCs that can package antigen in receptors called MHC. also called HLA |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| gets antigen from cytoplasm(virus) and presents to CD8 T cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| expressed by APC(dend, macro, B) gets antigen from phagosome/endosome(bacteria) and presents to CD4 T cells. |
|
|
Term
| What does a dendritic cell need to matur and what is it called? |
|
Definition
| it presents viral antigen via its MHC I to the right CD8 cell. CTL. |
|
|
Term
| Somatic hypermutation improves |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class switch/isotype switching recombination switches |
|
Definition
| effector/constant regions |
|
|
Term
| Ig is composed of what? (4) |
|
Definition
| 2 heavy chains and to light chains |
|
|
Term
| What portion of IG allows it to bend and accommodate distance btwn seperate antigen molecules? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 2 overlaid beta pleated sheets with beta turns connected by alpha helices |
|
|
Term
| The variable domain has ________ in each sheet than the constant domain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Framework regions, CDR, which CDR is the most variable? |
|
Definition
| amino acid sequences that make up beta sheets, different sequence in each type of Ig, 3rd |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| means DNA changes that do not occur in germ cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| contained within the V and the J or the V and D and J. MORE VARIABLE |
|
|
Term
| Recombination process, binding sites, spacers |
|
Definition
| RSS flanks each gene segment. 3 portions to each binding site, a 7bp palindromic seq. a 9 bp A/T rich sequence, and a spacer seq. Spaces are either 12 or 23 bp long. 12/23 rule. |
|
|
Term
| Recombinase is made up of 2 proteins |
|
Definition
| RAG1 and RAG2. Bind 2 RSSs and cut DNA between eash RSS and gene segment coding sequence. |
|
|
Term
| Palindormic overhang is filled by DNA polymerase creating... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What can come in and chew back nucleotide? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What can add random nucleotides and what are these nucleotides called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Adding/Subtracting nucleotides accounts for |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What alteration can occur in both heavy and light chain genes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What alteration can only occur in heavy chain genes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which Ig can incorporate J chain to bind 5 copies and form a pentamer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cumulative binding of multiple sites |
|
|
Term
| What cuts the DNA in class-switch recombination? (replaces RAG) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the RSSs called in class switch? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Antibody that binds to mast cells? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Primary antibody for activating complement? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Primary antibody for neutralizing antibodies and opsonins? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Primary mucosal antibody? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| There is no D on which chaing? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The is only one constant region on which chain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Altering DNA is ______ while alternative splicing of the RNA is _______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| TCRs undergo both class-swtich and somatic hypermutation. T/F? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Big differences between TCR and BCR |
|
Definition
| TCRS only see antigen presented by host cells. TCRs only see peptide antigen. |
|
|
Term
| Adhesion molecules of CD4? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Adhesion molecules of CD8? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MHC I has a football shaped... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the gate that allows antigen to enter the ER? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Proteins involved with TAP |
|
Definition
| MHCI, calnexin, B2m, ERp57, PDI, Calretiulin, proteasome |
|
|
Term
| Pathway for MHC I antigen |
|
Definition
| intracellular antigen processed in proteosome, peptide transport in ER and peptide binding by MHC I, presents at cell surface |
|
|
Term
| Pathway for MHC II antigen |
|
Definition
| extracellular antigen, peptide production in phagolysosome, binding by MHC II, MHC II presents at cell surface |
|
|
Term
| WHat blocks biding of peptides to MHC II in the ER? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the fragment left behind when the ______ chain is cleaved? Where does it block petide binding to MHC II |
|
Definition
| invatiant chain, CLIP, vesicles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 6 phases of B cell development |
|
Definition
| Repertoire assembly, negative selection, positive selection, searching for infection, finding infection, attacking infection. |
|
|
Term
| Which phases occur in B.M.? |
|
Definition
| Repertoire assembly and negative selection |
|
|
Term
| Hematopoeitic cells express?(1) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Common lymphoid progenitors express?(4) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| B-cell precursor cells express?(2) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do developing B cells stay in contact with inside B.M walls? what adhesion molecules are present? |
|
Definition
| Stromal cells, ICAMS integrins VLA-4 and VCAM-1 |
|
|
Term
| Two unique proteins in Pro-B cells? What is there function? |
|
Definition
| Lambda5 and VpreB. Look like light chain. Surrogate light chain |
|
|
Term
| Percentage of Pro B cells to reach Pre-B cell stage? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Percent chance a cell to get light chain rearrangement in-frame after successful heavy chain rearrangement? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| All class switch and somatic hypermutation occurs in B.M. T/F |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Recombinational accessibility |
|
Definition
| Chromatin appear and open D and J region of heavy chain while V region and light chain genes are still closed |
|
|
Term
| RAGs targeting a cryptic MYC RSS |
|
Definition
| Runaway MYC expression in pro B cells. Result is aggressive B cell lymphoma-BUrkitt's Lymphoma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Any immature B cell that binds a multivalent antigen in the b.m. is kept from leaving. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cell gets a second chance after negative selection at light chain rearrangement. |
|
|
Term
| Naive cells circulate thru |
|
Definition
| blood and pass through the 2^o lymphoid organ like so, in thru the arteriole, extravastae thru the HEV into the T cell zone, move thru B cell zone and the down to the medulla and out thru the efferent lymphatic |
|
|
Term
| Cytokine signal that induces upregulation of IgD relative to IgM |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Immature cells follow chemokine trails to a ________ in the ______ where they interact with _______ |
|
Definition
| primary follicle, B cell zone, follicular dendritic cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fills with fatty cells. fatty. |
|
|
Term
| When a cell commits to becoming a T cell it loses _______ and gains _______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| B cells need constant ____/_____ contact during development |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T cells need constant signaling through what protein? |
|
Definition
| Notch 1 (also txn factor) |
|
|
Term
| Cells that commit to T cell development it gains _______ expression and starts rearranging ___,_____ and ______ loci. |
|
Definition
| RAG 1/2, beta, gamma, delta |
|
|
Term
| Delta gamma cells will turn off _____ and leave the _______ and home to the _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If the cell gets beta gene first... |
|
Definition
| cell will progress to the next stage of development and try to rearrange alpha |
|
|
Term
| Beta protein binds a surrogate alpha chain called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In T cells, each ______ chain allele gets one shot at V-DJ joint. Percent of efficiency. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (Tcell)Vbeta genes attempt to rearrange with the upstream _______. If out of frame another V rearranges with a downstream _____. Percent efficiency (combined) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (Tcell) Alpha chain gets _____ chances to get an inframe ______ joint. Percent chance. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Very rare for a DP cell to become a gamma/delta cell. T/F |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Development of a/b t cell in thymus moves.... |
|
Definition
| in an arc for. medulla, cortex back to medulla |
|
|
Term
| (Tcell) positive selection |
|
Definition
| Weak or no binding with MHC on epi cell = death. Moderate or strong binding to MHC on epi cell=lives. |
|
|
Term
| Negative selection of alpha/beta T cells. |
|
Definition
| moderate binding = lives. Tight binding=death |
|
|
Term
| Tregs must interact with ______ to supprese autoreactive T cells |
|
Definition
| the same antigen presenting cells |
|
|
Term
| Which T cell grow up to become Tregs? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When dendritic cells are activated MHC up/downregulates and changes surface morphology to favor B/T cell interaction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| LFA-1 is activated by these two chemokines and binds to ______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| LFA-1 is activated by these two chemokines and binds to ______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ICAMs/integrins of T cell. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ICAMs/integrins of T cell. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ICAMs/integrins of Dendritic cell |
|
Definition
| LFA-3, ICAM-1, ICAM-2, DC-SIGN(pacman) |
|
|
Term
| ICAMs/integrins of Dendritic cell |
|
Definition
| LFA-3, ICAM-1, ICAM-2, DC-SIGN(pacman) |
|
|
Term
| What causes LFA-1 to become high affinity in T:DC interaction? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What causes LFA-1 to become high affinity in T:DC interaction? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the second signal needed to activate T cells? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the second signal needed to activate T cells? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Kinase cascade activates 3 txn factors. what are they and what do they do? |
|
Definition
| NFAT, NFkB, and AP-1. Cellproliferation and mature into an effector. |
|
|
Term
| Kinase cascade activates 3 txn factors. what are they and what do they do? |
|
Definition
| NFAT, NFkB, and AP-1. Cellproliferation and mature into an effector. |
|
|
Term
| Proliferaion is accomplished thru what cytokine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Proliferaion is accomplished thru what cytokine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| IL-2, IFN-y, macro activation, B-cell act and prod of opsonizing antibodies such as IgG1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| IL-2, IFN-y, macro activation, B-cell act and prod of opsonizing antibodies such as IgG1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| IL-4, IL-5, activa of B cells to make antiboides |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| IL-4, IL-5, activa of B cells to make antiboides |
|
|
Term
| Expression of ________ differentiate Treg cells in thymus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Expression of ________ differentiate Treg cells in thymus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cells become Th1 if they are exposed to _____ and _____. Then they make ______ to secrete their own _______ |
|
Definition
| IL-12 and IFNy, T-bet, INF-y |
|
|
Term
| Cells become Th1 if they are exposed to _____ and _____. Then they make ______ to secrete their own _______ |
|
Definition
| IL-12 and IFNy, T-bet, INF-y |
|
|
Term
| Cells become Th2 if they are exposed to ______. THey make ______ which drives them to secrete their own _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cells become Th2 if they are exposed to ______. THey make ______ which drives them to secrete their own _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Once a TH1 response is started it's difficult to get a TH2 response and vice versa. T/F |
|
Definition
| true, becomes very polarized |
|
|
Term
| Once a TH1 response is started it's difficult to get a TH2 response and vice versa. T/F |
|
Definition
| true, becomes very polarized |
|
|
Term
| CD8 Tcells can be helped either directly by _______ or indirectly by ______ |
|
Definition
| supplying Il-2 absent a second signal on th e CD8, supplying nonDC APC activation to generate a 2nd signal |
|
|
Term
| CD8 Tcells can be helped either directly by _______ or indirectly by ______ |
|
Definition
| supplying Il-2 absent a second signal on th e CD8, supplying nonDC APC activation to generate a 2nd signal |
|
|
Term
| CD8s mature into ______ and no longer need the ________ to kill. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| CD8s mature into ______ and no longer need the ________ to kill. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Activated CD4 cells will express |
|
Definition
| VLA-4, VCAM-1, and a different CD45R |
|
|
Term
| Activated CD4 cells will express |
|
Definition
| VLA-4, VCAM-1, and a different CD45R |
|
|
Term
| CD8 cells work mainly through? cytokines/cytotoxins |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| CD8 cells work mainly through? cytokines/cytotoxins |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| CD4 effectors work mainly through? cytokines/cytotoxins |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| CD4 effectors work mainly through? cytokines/cytotoxins |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What signals do TH1 cells send to macros to inc phagocytosis and MHC production? which is membrane bound and which is secreted |
|
Definition
| INFy (secreted), CD40L(membrane bound) |
|
|
Term
| What signals do TH1 cells send to macros to inc phagocytosis and MHC production? which is membrane bound and which is secreted |
|
Definition
| INFy (secreted), CD40L(membrane bound) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| activates macros to destroy engulfed bacteria |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| activates macros to destroy engulfed bacteria |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| kills chronically infected macros, releasing bacteria to be destroyed by healthy macros |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| kills chronically infected macros, releasing bacteria to be destroyed by healthy macros |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| induces T-cell proliferation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| induces T-cell proliferation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| iduces macrophage differen in b.m. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| iduces macrophage differen in b.m. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| activates endothelium to induce macrophage adhesion and exit from blood vessel at site of infection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| activates endothelium to induce macrophage adhesion and exit from blood vessel at site of infection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Causes macrs to accumlate at site of infection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Causes macrs to accumlate at site of infection |
|
|
Term
| TH2 cells primarily act to activate _____ cells and aid in development of these cells. They also secrete cytokines that aid in _______ |
|
Definition
| B cells, class-switch recombination. |
|
|
Term
| TH2 cells primarily act to activate _____ cells and aid in development of these cells. They also secrete cytokines that aid in _______ |
|
Definition
| B cells, class-switch recombination. |
|
|
Term
| BCRs co-receptor contains 3 proteins |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| BCRs co-receptor contains 3 proteins |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| CR2 binds...when is this made? |
|
Definition
| C3d, when C3b is cound by CR1 on B cell |
|
|
Term
| CR2 binds...when is this made? |
|
Definition
| C3d, when C3b is cound by CR1 on B cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are thymic independ antigens? what are the types? |
|
Definition
| antigens that activate b cells thru bcr crosslinking and CR2, TI-1/TI-2 |
|
|
Term
| What are thymic independ antigens? what are the types? |
|
Definition
| antigens that activate b cells thru bcr crosslinking and CR2, TI-1/TI-2 |
|
|
Term
| CR2 isn't important for what type of antigen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| CR2 isn't important for what type of antigen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| TD antigens have what instead of CR2 as part of their second signa;? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| TD antigens have what instead of CR2 as part of their second signa;? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Conjugate pairs move to the ______ dividing and forming a _______ secreting low affinity _______. |
|
Definition
| medullary cords, primary focus, IgM |
|
|
Term
| Conjugate pairs move to the ______ dividing and forming a _______ secreting low affinity _______. |
|
Definition
| medullary cords, primary focus, IgM |
|
|
Term
| When B cells leave their conjugate t cell partner to move to the ________ where they form a _________, this then matures into the _________ |
|
Definition
| B cell zone, secondary focsu, germinal center |
|
|
Term
| When B cells leave their conjugate t cell partner to move to the ________ where they form a _________, this then matures into the _________ |
|
Definition
| B cell zone, secondary focsu, germinal center |
|
|
Term
| In the germinal center what do B cells try to do? |
|
Definition
| evolve higher affinity antigen binding sites thru somatic hypermutation. |
|
|
Term
| In the germinal center what do B cells try to do? |
|
Definition
| evolve higher affinity antigen binding sites thru somatic hypermutation. |
|
|
Term
| FDC are coated in ______ and _______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| FDC are coated in ______ and _______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The heart of the germinal center has rapidly dividing _______ that evolved from ______. No dividing _______ are in close association with FDCs. Outside is a ring of _______. |
|
Definition
| centroblasts, B cells, centrocytes, helper T cells |
|
|
Term
| The heart of the germinal center has rapidly dividing _______ that evolved from ______. No dividing _______ are in close association with FDCs. Outside is a ring of _______. |
|
Definition
| centroblasts, B cells, centrocytes, helper T cells |
|
|
Term
| Where in germinal center does somatic hypermutation occur? Class-switch recombination? |
|
Definition
| centroblasts. centroblasts |
|
|
Term
| Where in germinal center does somatic hypermutation occur? Class-switch recombination? |
|
Definition
| centroblasts. centroblasts |
|
|
Term
| What in the germinal ceter tries to pry of antigen to present to helper T cells? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What in the germinal ceter tries to pry of antigen to present to helper T cells? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| IL-10 makes plasma/memory cells |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| IL-10 makes plasma/memory cells |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| IL-4 makes plasma/memory cells |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| IL-4 makes plasma/memory cells |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How antibodies enter tissue? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How antibodies enter tissue? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Explain dimeric IgA movement. |
|
Definition
| only occurs at mucosal epithelia. Binds to poly-Ig receptor. Piece called secretory component stabilizes antibody in acidic environments |
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Term
| Explain dimeric IgA movement. |
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Definition
| only occurs at mucosal epithelia. Binds to poly-Ig receptor. Piece called secretory component stabilizes antibody in acidic environments |
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Term
| What antibody is allowed to pass the placenta from mom's blood? |
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Definition
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Term
| What antibody is allowed to pass the placenta from mom's blood? |
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Definition
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Term
| What antibody is allowed to enter breast milk? |
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Definition
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Term
| What antibody is allowed to enter breast milk? |
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Definition
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Definition
| IgM is synthesized first, then IgG and IgA |
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Term
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Definition
| IgM is synthesized first, then IgG and IgA |
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Term
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Definition
| IgM and IgG(1 and 3) but need two Ig's. |
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Term
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Definition
| IgM and IgG(1 and 3) but need two Ig's. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
| responding to carb antigens (LPS) |
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Term
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Definition
| responding to carb antigens (LPS) |
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| potent anti-inflammatory IgG. Can never bind more than one binding site per molecule. no fixing complement |
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Term
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Definition
| potent anti-inflammatory IgG. Can never bind more than one binding site per molecule. no fixing complement |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Which FcR is inhibitory? What does it do? |
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Definition
| FcyRIIB, limits B cell response |
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Term
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Definition
| transport microorganisms to gut associated lymphoid tissue (naive B and dendritic cells) |
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Term
| How can dendritic cells capture antigen without M cells? |
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Definition
| their processes can reach across/btwn epi layer to capture antigen in the lumen of gut |
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Term
| Macro and DCs in lamina propria lack |
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Definition
| TLRs and usually can't induce inflammation |
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Term
| Intraepithelial lymphocyte are always _____ that are full of ________. What happens when it sees antigen? |
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Definition
| CD8+, cytotoxic granules, come to the gut epi and insert itself |
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Term
| If naive cells see antigen in the GALT what happens?(2) |
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Definition
| loss of both CCR7 L-selectin. therefore can't come back through HEV |
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Term
| What keeps GALT actived cells in the mucosa? |
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Definition
| CCR9:CCL25 and alphaE:beta7 binding to MadCAm-1 and E-cadherin |
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Term
| Which IgA has a longer hinge region? Which is used as backup? |
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Definition
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Term
| What works and looks like TLR? What do they need to detect to trigger ______ expression and synthesis of _______ as well as _______ to recruit nphils, lymphocytes, monocytes and DCs |
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Definition
| NOD receptors, dipeptides, NFkB, defensins, chemokines |
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Term
| In a secondary response...(3) |
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Definition
| antigen-specific b cells are 100/1000x more common, no IgM made, antibodies are of higher affinity |
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Term
| Memory cells inhibit activation of cells that make low affinity IgM by binding... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| response to a specific strain may help pathogen |
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Term
| What improves efficiency of TCR signaling? |
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Definition
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Term
| Memory T cells that stay in periphery |
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Definition
| home to inflamed tissue via CCR3/5 |
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Term
| Memory T cells that stay in circulation |
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Definition
| home to 2ndary lymphoid tissues via CCR7 |
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Term
| What do yB T cells see? What can they bind to? via what? |
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Definition
| phophoantigens, MIC-A and MIC-B, NKG2D |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| a/B T cells see some lipid antigens via |
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Definition
| CD1 which are expressed by cells infected by mycobacteria and thymic cortical epi cells |
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Term
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Definition
| CD1d, NKT encters inflamed tissue and drive inflammation |
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Term
| CD1 is specialized to look for |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| steady evolution of a virus |
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Term
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Definition
| 2 different viruses recombine with each other to generate a new virus inside the same cell. |
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Term
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Definition
| express a glycoprotein on their surface. It can switch out a gene for the glycoprotein with a thousand different ones. |
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Term
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Definition
| gene switching one for another |
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Term
| Ways viruses prevent effective immune response |
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Definition
| MHC I display, apoptosis, type I IFNs |
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Term
| Viral proteins can ______ or ______ _______. and even prevent ______ killing |
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Definition
| block, mimic, cytokines, NK |
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