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| a mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas,or people |
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| a mental image or best example of a category |
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| a logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a problem |
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a simple thinking strategy that allows us to make judgements and solve problems efficiently quicker and more error prone than algorithms |
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| a sudden and novel realization of the solution to a problem |
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| tendency to search for information that confirms one's preconceptions |
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inability to see a problem from a new perspective impedes solving problems |
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tendency to approach a problem in a particlar way usually that has been successful in the past |
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tendency to think of things only in terms of their usual functions impedes problem solving |
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| representativeness heuristic |
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judging likelihood of things in terms of how well they seem to represent particular prototypes may lead to ignore relavent information |
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estimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in memory if even comes readily to mind we think it to be common |
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tendency to be nore confident than correct overestimate accuracy of ones beliefs |
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way an issue is posed how it is framed can affect decisions |
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| tendency for one's preexisting beliefs to distort logical reasoning |
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| clinging to one's initial conceptions after the basis on which they were formed has been discredited |
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| spoken, written, signed words communicate meaning |
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| in a language the smallest distinctive sound unit |
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| in a language the smallest unit that carries meaning (ex. prefix) |
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| in a language a system of rules |
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the set of rules by which we derive meaning from morphemes and words study of meaning |
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| rules for combining words into sensible sentences |
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| 4mo stage of speech develop infant utters sounds |
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| 1-2yr child speaks mostly in single words |
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| 2yr child speaks mostly two word statements |
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| early speech stage in which a child speaks like a telegram using mostly nouns and verbs |
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whorf's hypothesis language determines the way we think |
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