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| Rule-of-thumb strategies that allow us to solve problems and make judgments efficiently are called |
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| Pigeons can reliably discriminate pictures of cars from pictures of chairs. This best illustrates their capacity to develop |
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| Although Sheron scored well above average on the SAT, she frequently loses her temper and needlessly antagonizes even her best friends. Her behavior best illustrates an inadequate level of: |
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| Orhan first became suspicious of his roommate's honesty while trying to account for his own missing billfold. Although Orhan later recalled that he had left his billfold in the glove compartment of his own car, his newly formed doubt about his roommate's honesty remained as strong as ever. Orhan's irrational suspicion of his roommate best illustrates |
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| the belief perseverance phenomenon |
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| Sandra completed the Computer Programming Aptitude Test when she applied for a position with Acme Electronics. Six months later, she took the same test when she applied for a position with another company. The fact that her scores were almost identical on the two occasions suggests that the test has a high degree of: |
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| best example of a particular category |
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Miss Jan De Jong is orderly, neat, fairly quiet, and shy. She enjoys reading in her
spare time and belongs to a social club that includes three librarians, nine real estate agents, and eight social workers. A tendency to conclude that Jan must be one of the three librarians would illustrate the powerful influence of |
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Definition
| the representativeness heuristic |
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| The best evidence that there is a critical period for language acquisition is the fact that |
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| people most easily master the grammar of a second language during childhood |
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| [image]If a test is standardized, this means that |
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| a person's test performance can be compared with that of a pretested group |
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| The confirmation bias refers to the tendency to |
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Definition
| search for information consistent with our preconceptions |
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| The fact that we can think without language is best illustrated in research on |
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| Consumers respond more positively to ground beef advertised as "75 percent lean" than to ground beef described as "25 percent fat." This illustrates that consumer reactions are influenced by: |
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| Most experts would agree that intelligence tests are "biased" in the sense that |
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| test performance is influenced by cultural experiences |
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| The inability to take a new perspective on a problem is called a |
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| A televised image of a starving child had a greater impact on Mr. White's perception of the extensiveness of world hunger than did a statistical chart summarizing the tremendous scope of the problem. This suggests that his assessment of the world hunger problem is influenced by |
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| the availability heuristic |
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| A test that measures or predicts what it is supposed to is said to have a high degree of: |
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| Joan forgot to bring a pillow on the camping trip, so she spent a very uncomfortable and restless night. Unfortunately, she never thought of using her down-filled jacket as a pillow. Joan's oversight best illustrates: |
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| Research with children indicates that the use of the generic pronoun "he" tends to trigger images of: |
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| [image]Your psychology professor has announced that the next test will assess your understanding of sensation and perception. When you receive the test, however, you find that very few questions actually relate to these topics. In this instance, you would be most concerned about the ________ of the test. | |
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| Twenty-five-year-old Carmella is mentally handicapped and can neither read nor write. However, after hearing lengthy, unfamiliar, and complex musical selections just once, she can reproduce them precisely on the piano. It is likely that Carmella is: |
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| someone with savant syndrome |
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| The value of generating positive first impressions in your initial interactions with a new employer is best underscored by the research on |
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Definition
| the belief perseverance phenomenon |
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