Term
Angkor Wat
began?
facts?
built for whom?
built by? |
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Definition
began: 1120
builder: God King Suryavarman II
Built for: Vishnu
Facts:
- Axises
- Corbelled post and lintel architecture
- Sacred Geometry
- Vertical Axis (tallest point over most important area)
- Primordial Paradise
- no large interior spaces |
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Term
Cosmic Mountain:
location?
when?
built by?
facts? |
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Definition
location: at Borobudur
when: 790-850
built by: King Indra
facts:
- Terraced mountain, with entrances @ cardinal Directions
- mini latticed stupas at top
- contains Bodhisattvas (enlightened who have stayed in this world to teach)
- discovered in 1815 |
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Term
Great Stupa:
When?
Patron?
Location?
facts? |
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Definition
When: 250 BCE - 250 AD
Location: in Monastery- Vihara
Patron: King Ashoka
Facts:
- oriented on cardinal directions
- four gates called "toranas"
- Dome's purpose for contemplative circumambulation |
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Term
Fogong Pagoda:
when?
Patron?
facts? |
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Definition
when: 1056
patron: Emperor Doazong
facts:
- core with cantilevered caves off of it, (sing corbelled brackets)
- Timber Pagoda
- object of veneration |
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Term
The Great Wall:
When?
Who Built it?
facts? |
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Definition
when: 221 BCE - 1368 CE
began by Qin Dynasty ( Qin Shi Huangdi)
finished by Ming Dynasty
facts:
- 4000 miles long
- stone and brick
- Built to protect and unify china |
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Term
Imperial and Forbidden Cities:
when?
built by whom?
facts? |
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Definition
when: 15th century
built by: Ming Dynasty
facts:
- 250 acers
- used for 500 years and 24 emperors
- strong sense of axis
- multiple gates
- cardinal directions
- hierarchy in progression of buildings |
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Term
Horyu-ji Temple:
when?
founded by whom?
facts? |
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Definition
when: 670-714
founded by: Prince Shotoku
Facts:
- Intermingling of Shinto and Buddhism Architecture
- oldest wooden buildings in the world
- Asymmetric inside symmetrical form
- Large gateway > Pagoda > Lecture Hall |
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Term
Ise Shrine:
when?
Facts?
shinto? |
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Definition
when: 690 to present day
facts:
- composed of two shrine areas
- four fences provide barrier between sacred and profane
- holds riches to Shinto Sun God "Amaterasu"
- Use of Chagi and Tori'i
shinto: the way of the gods> beliefs in divine spirits often concentrated in large landmarks, close mystical relationship w/nature |
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Term
Old St. Peter’s:
when?
patron?
facts? |
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Definition
when: 318 - 322
Patron: Constantine
facts:
- Design is functional and symbolic
- Martyrium for St. Peter
- Series of steps to reach sacred area |
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Term
Hagia Sophia:
when?
patron?
Architects?
facts? |
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Definition
when: 532-537
patron: Justinian
Architects: ANTHEMIUS OF TALLES AND ISIDORE OF MILETUS
facts:
- Dome form on greek cross plan
- use of pendentives
- centralized plan and axis |
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Term
Palatine Chapel:
when?
Patron?
Architect?
facts? |
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Definition
when: 792-805
patron: Charlemagne
architect: Oddo of Metz
facts:
- First piece of monumental arch since rome fell
- use of 16 columns from rome
- octagonal dome |
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Term
St. Foy de Conques:
when?
facts? |
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Definition
when: 1050 - 1130
facts:
- Foy's body is a relic inside
- two towers @ west Facade
- Pediment is inscribed with bible story |
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Term
Durham Castle:
when?
patron?
facts? |
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Definition
when: 1072 - 14th century
patron: Bishop of Durham
facts:
- centered around large motte
- Great hall is the center
- Timbered truss ceiling |
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Term
St. Gall Monastery :
when?
facts? |
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Definition
when: 817
facts:
- plan of ideal monastery
- Church w/ cloister for contemplation
- campus design |
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Term
Westminster Palace, Great Hall:
when?
patron?
facts? |
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Definition
when: 1395-1396
patron: King of England
facts:
- tracery takes most of load
- uses complex joinery and tectonics |
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Term
Abbey Church of Saint-Denis:
when?
patron?
facts? |
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Definition
when: 1137 - 1140
patron: french kings
facts:
- First rose window use
- Use of ribbed vaults and pointed arches
- stain glass
- Gothic structural skeleton |
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Term
Notre Dame, Chartres:
when?
facts? |
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Definition
when: 1194-1230
facts:
- Gothic emphasizes height b/c of new structural knowledge
- Nave is short b/c original foundation
- Cult of the Virgin Mary
- organic gothic plan
- use of flying buttresses |
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Term
Salisbury Cathedral:
when?
facts? |
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Definition
when: 1334-1380
facts:
- English gothic "rural b/c of monastic communities
- Facade is less emphasized
- emphasis on nave
- towers moved to transept
- fan vaults |
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Term
Santa Maria del Fiore :
who designed the dome?
facts? |
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Definition
dome designer: Brunelleschi
facts:
- dome made of pointed arch
- flower system + string system = accuracy |
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Term
Santa Maria Novella:
when?
designer?
facts? |
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Definition
when: 1456 - 1470
designer: Alberti
facts:
- roman temple on gothic facade
- polychromatic facade that fits into square
- use of scrolled gables |
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Term
Laurentian Library:
when?
facts? |
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Definition
when: 1524
facts:
- giant staircase w/ small room
- Example of mannerism (form of classicalism given more personal expression and irony) |
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Term
St. Peter's Basilica:
when plan?
when dome?
facts? |
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Definition
plan: 1505
dome: 1546
facts:
- Bramante hired by pope = creates greek cross plan w/ reference to pantheon
- Michelangelo reorganizes plan (simplify) (organic)
- Buttressed by double columns |
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Term
Tempietto:
when?
architect?
patron?
facts? |
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Definition
when: 1502
architect: Bramante
patron: Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain
facts:
- Martyrium of St. Peter's death
- round cella and circular colonnade
- perfectly proportioned
- doric columns
- classical design |
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