Term
| True or false. Robert Hooke discovered cells. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1. All organisms are made of cells.
2. All existing cells are produced by other living cells
3. The cell is the most basic unit of life |
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Term
| Name of differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. |
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Definition
Prokaryotes- no nucleus, all single celled, no membrance bound organelles.
Eukaryotes- nucleus, single or multi-celled, membrane bound organelles |
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Term
| Each eukaryotic cell has a cytoskeleton, which is a network of small proteins that is constantly changing to meet the needs of a cell. What are the three main types of fibers that it is composed of? |
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Definition
| Microtubules, Intermediate filaments, and microfilaments. |
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Term
| What is the difference between cytoplasm and cytosol? |
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Definition
Cytoplasm is a jellylike substance that fills the space between the nucleus and the cell membrane. In some cells it contains organelles.
Cytosol is the fluid part of the cytoplasm excluding the organelles. |
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Term
| What is the storehouse for DNA? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the nucleolus located and what does it do? |
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Definition
| It is located in the nucleus and is the place where ribosomes are assembled. |
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Term
[image]
What is this and what is its function? |
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Definition
| The endoplasmic reticulum- it has many ribosomes on it(rough ER) which make proteins, and the part without ribosome (smooth ER) can break down drugs and alcohol. It aids in the production of proteins and lipids. |
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Term
[image]
What is this and what is its function? |
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Definition
| The Golgi apparatus modifies, packages, and transports proteins. |
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Term
| What are vesicles used for? |
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Definition
| Vesicles isolate and transport materials |
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Term
What is this and what is its function?
[image] |
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Definition
| The mitochondria supplies energy for the cell. |
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Term
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Definition
| Vacuoles temporarily store materials |
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Term
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Definition
| Lysosomes digest and recycle foreign materials or worn out parts of the cell. |
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Term
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Definition
| They divide DNA during cell division |
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Term
| What are chloroplasts used for? |
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Definition
| They carry out photosynthesis |
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Term
| What is the function of a cell wall? |
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Definition
| To give support, protection, and shape to the cell |
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Term
| What is the cell membrane composed of? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name some of the molecules embedded in the cell membrane and their uses. |
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Definition
Cholesterol- strengthens the cell membrane
Carbohydrates- identification
Proteins- help material cross membrane
Cytoskeleton- supports and shapes cell |
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Term
| The cell membrane is selectively permeable. What does this mean? |
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Definition
| This means that some, but not all, materials are allowed to cross. |
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Term
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Definition
| A protein that detects a signal molecule and performs an action in response. |
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Term
| How are intracellular receptors and membrane receptors different? |
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Definition
Intracellular receptors- a molecule crosses the cell membrane and binds to a receptor within the cell
Membrane receptor- molecule that can't cross the cell membrane binds to a receptor in the cell membrane |
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Term
| Which uses energy- passive transport or active transport? |
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Definition
| Active transport. Passive transport requires no energy. |
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Term
| The movement of molecules in a fluid or gas from a region of high concentration to low concentration is called? |
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Definition
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Term
| In diffusion, molecules move up or down the concentration gradient? |
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Definition
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Term
| The diffusion of water is? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the differences between isotonic, hypertonic, and hypotonic solution? |
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Definition
Isotonic- Equal amounts of water enter and exit the cell.
Hypertonic- more water enters the cell than exits.
hypotonic- more water exits the cell than enters. |
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Term
| What is facilitated diffusion? |
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Definition
| The diffusion of molecules across the membrane through transport proteins. |
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Term
| True or False. Active transport moves molecules from a higher concentration to a lower concentration. |
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Definition
| False. Active transport moves molecules from a lower concentration to a higher concentration |
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Term
| Which is the process of releasing substances out of a cell by fusion of a vesicle with the membrane- endocytosis or exocytosis? |
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Definition
| Exocytosis. Endocytosis is the process of taking in liquids or fairly large molecules by engulfing them in a membrane. |
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Term
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Definition
| A type of endocytosis where the cell membrane engulfs large particles. |
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