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Final review
practice test questions
95
Health Care
Undergraduate 3
11/29/2014

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Cards

Term
an upright position with the arms abducted, palms forward, and head forward describes what position
Definition
the anatomic
Term
how is the central ray positioned for an x-ray projection done with the patient placed in a decubitus position
Definition
horizontal
Term
how long should the patient remain in position before making the exposure when performing a projection in the lateral decubitus position
Definition
5 minutes
Term
where should the top of the IR be positioned for a supine AP chest radiograph
Definition
1 1/2 to 2 inches above the relaxed shoulders
Term
the vertical plane that divides the body into right and left halves describes which plane
Definition
median or midsagittal
Term
what must be clearly demonstrated on x-ray projections done using a decubitus position
Definition
entire lung field, patient arms not visible, marker to indicate which side the decub is on
Term
a dorsoplantar projection would be a radiographic study of which body part
Definition
the foot
Term
a patient is recumbent facing the x-ray tube. The right side of the body is turned 45 degrees toward the image receptor. What is the radiographic position?
Definition
RPO (right posterior oblique)
Term
the part of the lung that extends above the clavicle is called:
Definition
the apex
Term
what is the most optimal position of the patient for examinations of the heart and lungs
Definition
upright
Term
why is the left lateral chest position the most commonly used for lateral radiographs of the chest
Definition
the patients heart is closer to the IR
Term
which evaluation criterion pertains to the lordotic position x-ray of the chest
Definition
the clavicles should lie superior to the apices
Term
which of the following vertebrae are at the level of the inferior angles of the scapulae
Definition
T7
Term
the term projection is defined as:
Definition
path or direction of the central ray
Term
to ensure that the inferior margin of the abdomen is included on a supine abdomen, the RT should palpate the:
Definition
greater trochanters
Term
in which of the four major quadrants of the abdomen would the gallbladder be found
Definition
RUQ (right upper quadrant)
Term
how many ribs should be visible above the diaphragm on a PA chest radiograph?
Definition
10
Term
which plane must be accurately parallel with the IR to prevent distortion of the thoracic structures during a lateral chest radiograph
Definition
midsagittal plane
Term
what is the recommended SID for a supine AP chest radiograph
Definition
72 inches
Term
where must the CR be centered for an AP upright abdomen as part of an acute abdomen series
Definition
2 inches above the iliac crest
Term
what is the respiration phase for the lordotic projection of the pulmonary apices
Definition
inspiration
Term
why must the diaphragm be included on the image for an erect abdomen
Definition
to see air levels
Term
which of the 4 body habitus is the most common
Definition
sthenic
Term
what is the first bone located on the proximal row and lateral side of the wrist called
Definition
scaphoid
Term
the large, rounded , elevated process prominently located on the lateral surface of the proximal humerus is the
Definition
greater tubercle
Term
in order to demonstrate the greater tubercle of the humerus on an AP projection of the shoulder, the epicondyles must be
Definition
parallel with the plane of the IR
Term
for an AP projection of the shoulder, the central ray should enter
Definition
1 inch inferior to the coracoid process
Term
the PA oblique projection of the shoulder joint (scapular Y) is performed in what position
Definition
RAO or LAO
Term
for a PA projection of the hand, the central ray is directed to the
Definition
third MCP
Term
the AP projection of the AC joints places the joints at an increased OID. What distance do you use?
Definition
72 inches
Term
what are the projections of the clavicle
Definition
AP or PA, AP axial, PA axial
Term
the PA projection of the wrist in ulnar deviation clearly demonstrates the:
Definition
scaphoid
Term
for the lateral projection of the forearm the elbow should be flexed
Definition
90 degrees
Term
how is the arm positioned for an AP scapula
Definition
abducted 90 degrees and forearm flexed
Term
for the lateral projection of the scapula, the body is placed in what position
Definition
RAO or LAO
Term
when the patient is positioned properly for a lateral projection of the scapula, the body of the scapula will be
Definition
perpendicular the plane of the IR
Term
the rounded head of the humerus fits into an oval depression on the lateral aspect of the scapula called the
Definition
glenoid cavity
Term
which position of the hand will place the humerus in external rotation
Definition
supine
Term
the head of the radius fits into a depression on the lateral aspect of the coronoid process of the ulna called the
Definition
radial notch
Term
the carpal located in the distal row, most medial is the
Definition
hamate
Term
what is the largest carpal bone
Definition
capitate
Term
the carpal bones articulate with the
Definition
only the radius
Term
the head of the radius articulates on the medial side with the
Definition
radial notch
Term
the capitulum of the humerus articulates with the
Definition
radial head
Term
what is shown in profile on a lateral projection of the elbow
Definition
olecranon process
Term
how far above the humeral head should the upper margin of the IR be placed for an AP humerus
Definition
1 1/2 inches
Term
which of the following positions of the hand will place the epicondyles parallel with the plane of the IR
Definition
supine
Term
a fracture of the metacarpal neck is known as a
Definition
boxers fracture
Term
for an AP projection of the shoulder with the humerus in internal rotation, the epicondyles of the humerus should be
Definition
perpendicular to the plane of the IR
Term
PA oblique projection of the shoulder (scapular Y) is performed to evaluate
Definition
dislocations
Term
the carpal bone that is adjacent to the 3rd metacarpal is the
Definition
capitate
Term
an AP oblique of the shoulder will demonstrate what
Definition
the glenoid cavity
Term
what two bones articulate with the radius
Definition
scaphoid and lunate
Term
what position demonstrates the radial head
Definition
external rotation
Term
How many bones are in the foot
Definition
26
Term
what is the superior surface of the foot called
Definition
dorsal surface
Term
which bones fuse to form the acetabulum
Definition
ischium, pubis, and ilium
Term
why must the lower limb be rotated 15-20 degrees internally for an AP hip projection
Definition
to place the femoral neck parallel to the image receptor
Term
where is the CR directed for the tangential projection of the patella
Definition
through the patellofemoral joint space
Term
the largest and stongest tarsal bone
Definition
calcaneus
Term
what is shown in profile if the lower limb is in correct position
Definition
greater trochanter
Term
the largest and strongest bone in the body
Definition
femur
Term
how many phalanges are in the great toe
Definition
2
Term
the second largest tarsal bone and the one that occupies the highest position in the foot
Definition
talus
Term
where does the CR enter the patient for an AP hip
Definition
2 1/2 inches distal on a line drawn perpendicular to the midpoint of a line between ASIS
Term
what are the two rami of the pubis
Definition
inferior and superior
Term
what part of the hip is important and frequently used as a radiography positioning reference point
Definition
ASIS
Term
what is the result of increasing kV
Definition
reduction of gonadal dose
Term
a recumbent lateral knee that is over rotated toward the IR can be recognized by what
Definition
the fibular head will appear less superimposed by the tibia than a true lateral
Term
where is the CR directed for an AP or PA axial projection of the foot
Definition
base of the third metatarsal
Term
the most commonly performed oblique projection of the foot is
Definition
AP oblique in medial rotation
Term
for a lateral projection of the foot the CR is directed to the
Definition
base of the third metatarsal
Term
what is the CR angulation for the axial projection of the calcaneus
Definition
40 degrees
Term
which projection of the knee will best demonstrate the neck of the fibula without superimposition
Definition
AP oblique with medial rotation
Term
for a lateral of the ankle, usually the CR enters at the
Definition
medial malleolus
Term
where is the IR centered for an AP pelvis
Definition
midway between the ASIS and the pubic symphysis
Term
what is the name of the unilateral frog-leg projection
Definition
modified cleaves
Term
where will the fibula be located on a properly positioned lateral image of the ankle
Definition
over the posterior half of the tibia
Term
to demonstrate the ankle mortise, the leg and foot must be rotated medially how many degrees
Definition
15-20 degrees
Term
when the malleoli of the ankle are parallel with the IR, the ankle is in which position
Definition
AP oblique, 15-20 degree medial rotation for the ankle mortise
Term
what is the amount of abduction of the femurs recommended for an AP bilateral frog leg
Definition
40-45 degrees
Term
where is the IR centered for an AP projection of the knee
Definition
1/2 in below the patellar apex
Term
the CR angulation for a recumbent lateral projection of the knee is
Definition
5-7 degrees cephalad
Term
which of the bony landmarks is in the same transverse place as the symphysis pubis
Definition
prominence of the greater trochanter
Term
what position can the sesamoid bones of the foot be demonstrated to be free of superimposition with the metatarsals or phalanges
Definition
tangential metatarsals/toes
Term
which landmarks are palpable bony landmarks used in radiography of the pelvis
Definition
pubis symphysis, greater trochanter, and iliac crest
Term
what projection of the knee best demonstrates the narrowing of a joint space
Definition
AP of both knees with weight-bearing
Term
what is clearly demonstrated on an AP oblique projection of the knee in medial rotation
Definition
tibiofibular articulation
Term
how far should the IR/collimated field extend below the knee for a lateral projection of the femur
Definition
2 inches
Term
where should the top of the IR be places for a proximal femur
Definition
ASIS
Term
the two flat superior surfaces of the tibia are called
Definition
tibial plateaus
Term
the tibial plateaus slope
Definition
posteriorly 10-20 degrees
Term
the medial malleolus is part of the
Definition
tibia
Term
to properly visualize the joint spaces with the ap projection of the foot, the CR must be
Definition
perpendicular to the metatarsals
Term
an image of an AP knee reveals rotation with almost total superimposition of the fibular head and the proximal tibia. What must the technologist do to correct this positioning error
Definition
rotate the knee medially slightly
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