Shared Flashcard Set

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Final Review
Chapters 7-11: Multi. Choice, True/False, Listing
60
Education
11th Grade
06/19/2011

Additional Education Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Define contraceptive.
Definition
A device or drug used to prevent pregnancy
Term
When is the most likely time to conceive w/o using contraceptives?
Definition
During ovulation
Term
failure to thrive
Definition
a condition in which a child fails to grow at a healthy rate
Term
ossification
Definition
hardening of the bones caused by the depositing of the minerals Calcium and Phosphorus
Term
gross motor skills
Definition
being able to use the large muscles to roll over, sit, crawl, stand, and walk
Term
fine motor skills
Definition
being able to use and control the small muscles, especially those in the fingers and hands
Term
creeping
Definition
moving by using the hands and knees or the hands and feet with the abdomen off the floor
Term
crawl
Definition
to move by pulling with the arms, but not lifting the abdomen from the floor
Term
cruising
Definition
walking by holding something for support
Term
List the three types of movements in order of how babies learn them.
Definition
crawl -> creep -> cruise
Term
stimuli
Definition
an agent, such as light or sound, that directly influences the activity of sense organs
Term
deciduous
Definition
the first set of teeth, which will later be replaced by permanent teeth; also called non-permanent or baby teeth
Term
cognition
Definition
the act/process of knowing or understanding; the "smarts"
Term
object constancy
Definition
the ability to learn that objects remain the same even if they appear different

ex. looking at a chair from different perspectives (still a chair), if mommy dyes her hair (still the same mommy)
Term
object permanence
Definition
the ability to learn that people/objects, and places still exist even when they are no longer seen,felt, or heard

ex. washing blankey (isn't with the baby, but blankey's still here), mommy is gone (she's still here)
Term
depth perception
Definition
the ability to tell how far away something is
Term
passive vocab
Definition
the words a person understands, but does not say

ex. If you ask the little girl to go get her purple shirt, she cannot return and say "Here is my purple shirt mommy. I found it!", but she will get the right one and bring it to you (Same idea with animals. They can't talk but when you ask to go for a walk, they know what you mean.)
Term
Which do babies have more of? Passive or active vocab?
Definition
passive vocab
Term
disposition
Definition
a person's general mood
Term
3 types of temperment
Definition
easy, slow to warm, difficult
Term
siblings
Definition
brothers or sisters in your family
Term
mistrust
Definition
the most serious form of not trusting, which includes a lack of trust and feelings of suspicion. Ericson believes this is the foundation of a relationship
Term
attachment
Definition
closeness between people that remains over time
Term
age-appropriate behavior
Definition
proper or expected ways to express emotions at certain ages

ex. Christine should not be throwing hissy fits or temper tantrums at her age (although she does :) )
Term
anxiety
Definition
fear of a possible future event
Term
separation anxiety
Definition
anxiety common in babies caused by the fear that loved ones who leave them will not return
Term
weaning
Definition
the gradual process of taking a baby off the bottle or breast
Term
finger foods
Definition
foods a baby can self-feed using the fingers (that was a hard one)
Term
intolerance
Definition
a negative physical reaction caused by eating a food
Term
self-awareness
Definition
the understanding a person has about him/herself as a person
Term
enriched environment
Definition
an environment that offers a person many chances to learn
Term
discipline
Definition
using self-control to train or develop by instruction and example
Term
punishment
Definition
to deal with roughly or harshly; to inflict injury upon; there are three types: physical, verbal, emotional
Term
Three main types of parents
Definition
authoritarian (strict)
permissive (easy)
democratic (middle)
Term
The best way to resolve an issue is by ______.
Definition
redirecting them/ discipline
Term
Reflexes are _____. Voluntary movements are _____.
Definition
unlearned; learned
Term
4 reasons why babies cry
Definition
- to just be held and loved
- they're physically hurt
- to be changed
- to be fed
- they're afraid
- they're upset/angry
- something is bothering them
Term
3 considerations for a sleep/play area
Definition
- babies should sleep away from major activities
- babies should have their own crib
- storage space is needed for clothes and "stuff"
- a playpen is a safe place to leave a baby for a short period of time
- spaces for children should be washable
- all spaces must be safe and baby-proof
Term
What would you do if something did not look right?
Definition
- decide if the problem is temporary, unless the baby seems ill (includes feeding and sleeping problems, fear of strangers or lots of crying)
- if the problem continues, consult with an expert, starting w/ a pediatrician
- get help when needed
- give in to the baby's demands sometimes if the result is not serious
- do not panic, remain calm
Term
What is SIDS and list 3 risk factors
Definition
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
- teen mother
- lacking prenatal care
- exposed to tobacco, alcohol, other drugs (esp. cocaine) before birth
- being born more than 2 weeks early
- birth weight of less than 5.5 lbs
- being part of a multiple birth (esp. if weighing less than 3.3 lbs)
- exposed to cigarette smoke after birth
- if an older sibling had SIDS
- if you're male and have any of these risk factors (more common in men)
Term
2 examples of attachment behaviors
Definition
- trying to stay close to, following, or clinging to the person
- smiling, crying, or calling
- crying/screaming when the person leaves them
- always asks, wants to do something with the same person every time
Term
3 things in an enriched environment
Definition
- color (stimulating to the eyes)
- music or noise (stimulating to the ears)
- toys or mobiles to touch/play with (stimulating to the hands and fingers)
- must be stimulating to the senses
Term
2 ways to discipline a child
Definition
- avoid yelling and the word "NO!"
- redirect the child at all times
- if the child is bad, give them a warning and a consequence if they're bad again, if it repeats, follow through and put them in time-out or take them home
Term
2 indicators that a child is ready to be potty trained
Definition
-Is coordinated enough to walk, and even run, steadily.
- Urinates a fair amount at one time.
- Has regular, well-formed bowel movements at relatively predictable times.
- understands if they have to go to the potty, and will respond yes if you ask them
- wants to be indepent
- is happy when he/she gets something done
- follows instructions well
- can sit down in a place for 2-5 minutes
- shows an interest when you go to the bathroom
- can pull up/down his pants
- dislikes the feeling of a wet/dirty diaper
Term
5 examples of birth control, what type they are, and how they are used
Definition
Barrier:
- male/female condom
- spermicidal foam or gel
- sponge
- diaphragm/cervical cap
Chemical:
- the pill
- Depo Provera (shot)
- Nuva Ring
- Implant
- Patch
- Morning After Pill/Plan B
Permanent:
- tubal ligation (woman)
- vasectomy (man)
Other:
- Abstinence
- IUD
Term
Abstinence
Definition
no sex or close ejaculation near vagina
Term
IUD
Definition
T- shaped,must be inserted by a doctor, disturbs the lining of the uterus so implantation is very unlikely
Term
vasectomy
Definition
surgical process for men, cut and burn the ends of the vas deferens off so sperm cannot reach the penis, permanent
Term
tubal ligation
Definition
surgical process for women, tying of the fallopian tubes, permanent
Term
Pill
Definition
oral contraceptive, taken daily, prevents ovulation by synthetic hormones
Term
Depo Provera
Definition
Shot, taken every 3 months
Term
Nuva Ring
Definition
clear, flexible ring, taken once a month,inserted into the vagina for 3 weeks, then removed for one more week, then replaced with a new ring
Term
Implants
Definition
hormone inserts effective for 3 years
Term
Patch
Definition
band-aid looking, used every week for three weeks then on the fourth week none is worn, can be placed anywhere
Term
Morning After Pill/ Plan B
Definition
makes uterus lining very slippery so egg cannot implant should it already be fertilized, should not be used as your regular form of birth control, expensive, must be asked for at the pharmacy
Term
male condom
Definition
worn on the penis, space must be left at the end of condom so semen doesn't shoot out and break through, prevent semen from reaching the egg
Term
Female condom and male condom cannot be combined because of ____.
Definition
friction
Term
Spermicidal foam/gel
Definition
must be used no more than 15 minutes before intercourse, foam acts like a barrier and stops the semen
Term
Sponge
Definition
Tampon-like contraceptive that is inserted into the vagina, soft-pillow shaped, saturated with spermicide, fits over cervical opening
Term
diaphragm/cervical cap
Definition
must be fitted by a doctor, covers the women's cervix, dome shaped cup of soft rubber, prevents sperm from entering uterus
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