Term
| Curcurbitales foods/products |
|
Definition
| squashes, cantaloupe, watermelons and chayote, luffa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Oak is important for timber/cork |
|
|
Term
| what give hazelnut their unique flavor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| relationships leaves are involved in |
|
Definition
water storage, attraction, tendrils, traps, spines, attraction for pollinators
starch sequestration as in cloves of garlic. |
|
|
Term
| abiotic pressures for leaf selection |
|
Definition
| temperature water, wind, uv radiation |
|
|
Term
| in high temperature, evapotranspiration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in high temperature, reflective coloration |
|
Definition
| helps surfaces to reflect some of the light |
|
|
Term
| in high temperature, hairs |
|
Definition
| act to trap humid air expelled from evapo transpiration and creates an area around the leaf that decreases osmotic potential differences between the leaf and the environment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| produced to protect the plant from too much light exposure. in fall plants go dormant, in order to produce as much sugar as possible . anthocyanins protect plant leaves from excess sunlight and enables trees to recover any last remaining nutrients (leaves changing in the fall) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| caterpillars eating leaves being |
|
|
Term
| Anacardiaceae foods/products |
|
Definition
| mangoes, cashews, poison oak. cashew shell is toxic. cashew apple is actually a swollen peduncle |
|
|
Term
| sapindaceae foods/products |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| brassicales food/products |
|
Definition
characterized by glucosinolates (contains sulfur). when these compounds react with myrosinase, they release mustard oils
radishes, cabbage, kale, canola, mustards (cauliflower, broccoli, kale, cabbage) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| connected by sticky threads (viscid) so that insects will pull out a bunch at a time |
|
|
Term
| Plantaginaceae foods/products |
|
Definition
| foxglove makes cardiac glycoside |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mints, lavender, catnip, sage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rudimentary, sterile or abortive stamen that produce no pollen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| appendage or portion that penetrates the hosts tissue and draws nutrients from it. makes plants parasitic |
|
|
Term
| Solonaceae foods/products |
|
Definition
| goji berry, tobacco, jimsonweed, egg plants, potatoes, tomatoes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| folded formed by doubling the connate petals back over each other giving the illusion of distinct petals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| differential characteristics for for ancestral and derived characteristics |
|
Definition
| heritability, Operational taxonomic units, clear discontinuities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when traits are similar due to shared ancestry (Cyanea) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when traits are similar for reasons other than common ancestry (Cactaceae, Euphorbiaceae) |
|
|
Term
| how are phylogenetic trees constructed |
|
Definition
| by identifying synapomorphies in the groups being studies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
assessment of direction of change through time (ancestral and derived)
1. use fossils
2. observe development
3. assume if widespread, then ancestral |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| seed dispersal inside animals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| deliberate dispersal of seeds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dispersal over limited distance |
|
|
Term
| problems with species definition |
|
Definition
too much gene flow,
too little gene flow- selfers
too little gene flow- cryptic species within genetic barriers
too little gene flow- apomixis the natural ability to reproduce asexually through seed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1-many scarel, awns or bristles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lettuce, artichokes, sunflowers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the commercial exploitation of plants by people |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| scientific study of relationships that exist between people and plants |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the branch of chemistry concerned with plants products
eg.
antiseptic: aucubin
astrigent, drawing: tannins
anti-inflammatory: flavinoids, iridoids
skin healing: mucilage, allantoin, tannins, sorbitol |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| change lipid make-up of cell membranes, days or weeks, increase cytoplasmic solutes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| terpenoids, nitrogen compounds, phenolics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| practical species concept |
|
Definition
| complex that includes multiple diploid sexual and hybrid polyploid apomictic liniages |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| embryo arises from an unfertilized egg cell in a gametophyte that was produced from a cell that did not complete meisis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an embryo formed directly (not from a gametophyte) from nucellus or integument tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| planting part of the vegetable like the clove of garlic to grow a new plant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| new species are formed when geographic or ecological barrier sperate genes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nw species are formed when interal bariers such as polyploidy reduce or prevent gene flow between the new species and the preserved species |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a physical barrier seperates a species range |
|
|
Term
| what can occur during sympatric? |
|
Definition
| change in shape or color can attract different pollinators |
|
|
Term
| what can occur if allopatric species meet? |
|
Definition
| free breeding or differences reinforced or hybrid zone or on may be driven to extinction or new species may form |
|
|
Term
| pre zygomorphic RIMs (reproductive isolating mechanisms) |
|
Definition
| temporal, habitat, behavioral, gametic, mechanical |
|
|
Term
| post zygomorphic reproductive isolating mechanisms |
|
Definition
| hybrid inviability, hybrid sterility, hybrid breakdown, different pollinators, different flowering tmes, goegraphical location, ecology |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| traits that certain groups of organisms have that exist in no others; shared, derived trait present in their most common recent ancestor but missing in more distant ancestors |
|
|
