Term
| What is the Human Genome Project? |
|
Definition
| A project that is trying to figure out the complete set of genetic material in humans. |
|
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Term
| What is the purpose of the Human Genome Project? |
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Definition
| Providing insight into human embryonic development and evolutionary relationships and to further advances in medicine. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| The complete set of genetic material in an organism, as defined by the order of bases in the DNA. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Small protein that DNA wraps around. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Display of a person's 46 chromosomes. |
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Term
| What information will a normal karyotype show you? |
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Definition
| Gender, disorders, homologous chromosomes. |
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Term
| What type of diseases will you be able to observe in a karyotype? |
|
Definition
| trisomy 21, down syndrome, canavan disease, Klienfelters syndrome, ect. |
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Term
| Describe how chromosomes can be damaged. |
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Definition
| duplication, deletion, inversion, translocation,transposons. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Condition in which an individual has three number 21 chromosomes, resulting in Down syndrome. |
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Term
|
Definition
| General set of symptoms in people with trisomy 21. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Event during meiosis in which homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids fail to separate. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Change to a chromosome in which part of the chromosome is repeated. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the chromosome is removed. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the original chromosome is reversed. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Change to a chromosome in which a fragment of one chromosome attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome. |
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Term
|
Definition
| genetic element that moves from one location to another in a genome. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Family tree that records and traces the occurance of a trait in a family. |
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Term
|
Definition
| individual who has one copy of the allele for a recessive disorder and does NOT exhibit symptoms. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Someone who is trained to collect and analyze data about inheritance patterns and to explain the results and their suggnificance. |
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Term
| What do the symbols of a Pedigree mean? |
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Definition
| A typical pedigree uses squares to represent males and circles to represent females. The colored shapes represent individuals that show the trait. |
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Term
| Which allele are sex linked genetic disorders mostly located on? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| How many of the recessive allele's do males need inorder to exhibit the trait? How many for females? |
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Definition
| Males only need one while females need two. |
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Term
| What is a common sex-linked disorder? |
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Definition
| Red-green color blindness. |
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Term
| Which trait has a higher number of diorders; dominate or recessive? |
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Definition
| Recessive traits, the dominate trait affected person dies before producing any offspring that could inherit the allele. |
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Term
| True or False? alleles for recessive disorders may pass undetected from generation to generation. |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Generation to generation change in the portion of differnt inherited genes in a population that account for all of the changes that have transformed life over an immense time. |
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Term
|
Definition
| inherited characteristic that improves an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in a particular environment. |
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Term
| Define descent with modification. |
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Definition
| Process by which descendents of ancestral oraganisms spread into various habitats and accumulate adaptions to diverse ways of life. |
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Term
| Define natural selection. |
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Definition
| process by which individuals with inherited characteristics well-suited to the environment leave more offspring than do other individuals. |
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Term
| The theory of natural selection is based off of what ideas? |
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Definition
| evolution and adaptation. |
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Term
| List an example of natural selection. |
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Definition
| In this hypothetical population of snails, inherited shell variations make some snails less likely than others to be attacked by predators. Wide, blunt shells increase the chances for snails to survive and pass their traits to the next generation by reproducing. |
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Term
| Who deveolped the idea of natural selection? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is the difference between natural and artificial selection? |
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Definition
| Natural selection is all natural; the environment selects the 'fittest'(food, water, mating,ect.) while artificial is done solely by humans (dog breeds, what we like, ect.) |
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Term
| what is the difference between genetic drift and genetic flow? |
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Definition
| the exchange of genes with another population is genetic flow and genetic drift is a change in the gene pool of a population due to chance. |
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Term
| Define artifical selection. |
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Definition
| Selective breeding of domesticated plants and animals to produce offspring with desired genetic traits. |
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Term
|
Definition
| phylogenic tree constructed from a series of 2 way branch points, suggested ancestral relationships among species. |
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Term
| What information does a cladogram show? |
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Definition
| it shows which animals evolved to have certain characteristics. |
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Term
| Give 3 examples of reroductive barriers. |
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Definition
| timing, behavior, habitat, reproducive structures are physically incompatible. |
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Term
| How does timing affect reproductive patterns? |
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Definition
| different breeding seasons. |
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|
Term
| How does behavior affect reproductive patterns? |
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Definition
| different courtship or mating behaviors. |
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Term
| How does habitat affect reproductive patterns? |
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Definition
| adapted to different habitats in the same general location. |
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Term
| What is the purpose of reproductive barriers? |
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Definition
| to limit population and allow for more diversity. |
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Term
| What domain/kingdom is bacteria a part of? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the role of bacteria in the ecosystem? |
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Definition
| cyanbacteria retores oxygen to the atmosphere by photosynthesis, some bacteria convert nitrogen gas to a nitrogen compound that can be used by plants and animals. |
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Term
|
Definition
| disease causing bacteria. |
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Term
| How are bacteria and eukaryotes different? |
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Definition
| because bacteria is a prokaryote, it doesn't contain a nucleus but a eukaryote does. |
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Term
| How is a virus different from bacteria? |
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Definition
| they have different structures and they spread disease differently; viruses uses the host cell to reproduce and bacteria reproduce through binary fission to spread the disease. |
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Term
| Compare the lysogenic and lytic cycles of a virus. |
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Definition
| In the lysogenic cycle, a virus injects its genes into the host. In the lytic cycle, the phage attaches to the host cell and injects its DNA. |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where does a zygote form? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What does a zygote develop into? |
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Definition
| after nine weeks it becomes an embryo and eventually a fetus. |
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Term
| What are the three germ layers? |
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Definition
| ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm. |
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Term
| Which systems develop in the Endoderm(inner layer)? |
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Definition
| digestive, excretory, endocrine, and respiratory |
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|
Term
| Which systems develop in the ectoderm(outter layer)? |
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Definition
| integumentary and nervous |
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|
Term
| Which systems develop in the mesoderm(middle layer)? |
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Definition
| skeletal, muscle, cirulatory, lymphatic, reproductive |
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Term
| What are the levels of organization in the human body? |
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Definition
| cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organism. |
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Term
| What is the function of the intgumentary system? |
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Definition
| physically separating the body from the external environment. |
|
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Term
| what are the parts of the integumentary system? |
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Definition
| Skin(epidermis and dermis) and the hair and nails. |
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Term
|
Definition
| the outermost layer of skin. |
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Term
|
Definition
| the skin layer that lies beneath and supports the epidermis. |
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|
Term
| What are the types of tissue? |
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Definition
| connective, nervous, epithelial, muscular |
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Term
| What is the purpose of connective tissue? |
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Definition
| to hold together and support other tissues, and to cushion, insulate, and connect organs. |
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Term
| What is the purpose of muscular tissue? |
|
Definition
3 types:
skeletal(voluntary)-allow you to move the various parts of your body.
Smooth(involuntary)- smooth muscles in your intestine move food through your digestive system.
cardiac(involuntary)- cause your heart to pump blood. |
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Term
| What is the purpose of nervous tissue? |
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Definition
| forms the communication system between your brain and your body. |
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Term
| What is the purpose of epithelial tissue? |
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Definition
| protecting the tissues and organs that they cover. |
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Term
| Define homeostasis. give an example. |
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Definition
internal stability or "steady state" maintained by the body.
ex: when your body is cold, you shiver and get goosebumps which are tiny muscle contractions that help heat up your body. |
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Term
| define central nervous system (CNS) |
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Definition
| the body's primary information processing system; includes the brain and spinal cord |
|
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Term
| define peripheral nervous system (PNS) |
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Definition
| network of nerves carrying signals into and out of the central nervous system |
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Term
|
Definition
| bundle or bundles of neuron fibers surrounded by connective tissue |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| environmental change that triggers a response. |
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Term
|
Definition
| nerve cell that carries information from the environment to the central nervous system. |
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Term
|
Definition
| specialized cell that transmits signals to sensory neurons. |
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Term
|
Definition
| nerve cell located entirely in the central nervous system that integrates sensory information and sends motor commands |
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Term
|
Definition
| nerve cell that carries signals from the central nervous system to muscle or gland cells |
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Term
|
Definition
| rapid, automatic response to a stimulus |
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|
Term
| What are the 2 divisions of the nervous system? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the parts of the nervous system? |
|
Definition
| sensory input, integration, motor output. |
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|
Term
| What is the job of sensory input within the nervous system? |
|
Definition
| receives information about an environmental change. |
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|
Term
| What is the job of integration within the nervous system? |
|
Definition
| interprets the information collected by the sensory input. |
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|
Term
| What is the job of motor output within the nervous system? |
|
Definition
| orders a response from the information of integration |
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|
Term
| What is the basic unit of the nervous system? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What organs make up the central nervous system? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What makes up the peripheral nervous system? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| describe the pathway of a nerve signal through a motor neuron. |
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Definition
| the nerve enters the neuron through the dendrites and passes through the cell body on its way to the axon where it then jumps inbetween the mylein sheaths to the end of the neuron and leaves through the knodes of the dendrite |
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|
Term
| What is the function of the digestive system? |
|
Definition
| to take in the essential nutrients the body needs in order to grow and survive |
|
|
Term
| what are the parts of the digestive system? |
|
Definition
| ingestion, digestion, absorption, elmination |
|
|
Term
| what happens durring the process of ingestion? |
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Definition
| The act of eating or drinking. |
|
|
Term
| what happens durring the process of digestion? |
|
Definition
| breaking down of food into molecules small enough for the body to absorb. |
|
|
Term
| what happens durring the process of absorption? |
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Definition
| certain cells take up (absorb) the small molecules. |
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Term
| what happens durring the process of elimination? |
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Definition
| undigested material passes out of the body. |
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Term
| what is the difference between chemical and mechanical digestion? give an example of each. |
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Definition
| both break down food but mechanical is is physically breaking food down(chewing) and chemically uses chemical substances to break down the food (salvia) |
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Term
| What organs/body parts are involved with the digestive system? |
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Definition
| mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine,liver, pancreas, and large intestine. |
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Term
|
Definition
| digestive tube that extends from the mouth to the anus |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| liquid secreted into the mouth that contains mucus and digestive enzymes that start chemical digestion |
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Term
|
Definition
| chewed clump of food that leaves the mouth and travels through the alimentary canal |
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Term
|
Definition
| the junction in the throat of the alimentary canal and the trachea |
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Term
|
Definition
| muscle-encased tube of the alimentary canal that transports food from the pharynx to the stomach |
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Term
|
Definition
| series of smooth muscle contractions that push food through the alimentary canal |
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Term
|
Definition
| elastic, muscular sac where some chemical and some mechanical digestion take place |
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Term
|
Definition
| liquid mixture of food and stomach fluids released from the stomach into the small intestine |
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Term
|
Definition
| long, narrow tube where digestion is completed and most absorption occurs |
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Term
|
Definition
| largest organ in the body; performs many functions such as producing bile, storing glucose as glycogen, and transforming ammonia to urea |
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Term
|
Definition
| organ that stores bile from the liver and releases it into the small intestine |
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Term
|
Definition
| gland that makes digestive enzymes and secretes them into the small intestine; makes the hormones insulin and glucagon and secretes them into the blood |
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Term
|
Definition
| fingerlike projection of the inner surface of the small intestine that functions in absorbing nutrients |
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Term
|
Definition
| portion of the alimentary canal from which water is reabsorbed into the body |
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Term
|
Definition
| undigested food material and other waste products that exit the body through the anus |
|
|
Term
| what role does the digestive system play in homeostatsis? |
|
Definition
| it maintains your body by intaking nutrients your body needs that wouldnt get anyother way |
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|
Term
| What is the purpose of the excretory system? |
|
Definition
| to remove wastes from the body |
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|
Term
| What are the parts of the excretory system? |
|
Definition
| kindneys, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra |
|
|
Term
| What are two treatments for kidney disease? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the excretory system's role in homeostasis? |
|
Definition
| it releases unwanted waste products that the body cannot use. |
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Term
|
Definition
| type of regulation that responds to a change in conditions by initiating responses that will counteract the change |
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Term
|
Definition
| removal of nitrogen-containing wastes from the body |
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Term
|
Definition
| compound formed in the liver from ammonia and carbon dioxide and excreted primarily by the kidneys |
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Term
|
Definition
| main organ of the excretory system; excretes waste products and regulates water and salt balance |
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Term
|
Definition
| liquid composed of water, urea, and other waste products; produced by the kidneys |
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Term
|
Definition
| tube extending from each kidney that carries urine to the urinary bladder |
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Term
|
Definition
| sac that stores urine until it is eliminated from the body |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| tube leading from the urinary bladder through which urine exits the body |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| one of millions of tubes and its associated blood vessels in a kidney that extracts filtrate from the blood and refines it into urine |
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Term
|
Definition
| ball of capillaries in each nephron of a kidney that is the site of filtration |
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Term
|
Definition
| treatment that processes blood outside the body |
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Term
| What is the first step of excretion? what happens during this step? |
|
Definition
| Filtration;blood pressure forces fluid through the capillary walls. the fluid is changed to filtrate which then collects in the Bowman capslue before it flows through a nephron tubule. |
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|
Term
| What is the second step of excretion? what happens during this step? |
|
Definition
| reabsorption; Water and dissolved nutrients, such as glucose, salts, and amino acids, are reabsorbed from the filtrate into the blood. |
|
|
Term
| What is the third step of excretion? what happens during this step? |
|
Definition
| secretion; the kidneys remove certain substances from the blood and add them to the filtrate. |
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|
Term
| What is the fourth/final step of excretion? what happens during this step? |
|
Definition
| excretion; urine exits the body via the ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. |
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|
Term
| How does active transport play a role in excretion? |
|
Definition
| Active transport returns most sodium and most of the other dissolved salts and nutrients to the blood. |
|
|
Term
| How does osmosis play a role in excretion? |
|
Definition
| about 99 percent of the water in the filtrate is returned to the blood by osmosis. |
|
|
Term
| What is the funtion of the circulatory system? |
|
Definition
| to distribute nutrients and oxygen; and transports hormones throughout your body and carries wastes away from cells. |
|
|
Term
| What are the parts of the circulatory system? |
|
Definition
| blood, heart, capillaries, arteries, veins, blood vessles |
|
|
Term
| what is the sequence of blood flow within the circulatory system? |
|
Definition
| The overall flow of blood is from the heart to tissues throughout the body and back to the heart. |
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|
Term
| What are the three primary components of the circulatory system? |
|
Definition
| heart, blood, blood vessels |
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|
Term
| Which blood vessel is the smallest? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where does the blood have its highest pressure at? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is your blood pressure measured? |
|
Definition
| systolic (point where the heart beat is first heard) over diastolic (point where heart is at rests; no pule heard) |
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|
Term
| What is a normal blood pressure for a healthy young adult? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the two circuts of blood flow? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fluid connective tissue of the circulatory system; consists of blood cells and plasma |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| multi-chambered, muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| microscopic blood vessel that carries blood between an artery and a vein, allowing the exchange of substances between the blood and interstitial fluid |
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Term
|
Definition
| vessel that carries blood away from the heart to other parts of the body |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| vessel that returns blood to the heart |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| circuit of blood flow that carries blood between the heart and lungs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| circuit of blood flow that carries blood between the heart and the rest of the body |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| artery that carries blood directly from the heart to the rest of the body |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| heart chamber that receives blood returning to the heart from other parts of the body |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| heart chamber that pumps blood out of the heart |
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Term
|
Definition
| flap of tissue in the heart that prevents blood from flowing in the wrong direction |
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Term
|
Definition
| (atrioventricular node) region of the heart between the right atrium and right ventricle from which electrical impulses spread to the ventricles during a heartbeat |
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Term
|
Definition
| first number of a blood pressure reading; measures the pressure on artery walls when heart ventricles contract |
|
|
Term
| define diastolic pressure |
|
Definition
| second number of a blood pressure reading; measurement of the pressure on artery walls when the heart is relaxed |
|
|
Term
| what is the function of the respiratory system? |
|
Definition
| to provide oxygen for distribution to cells throughout your body and removes the waste product carbon dioxide from the body. |
|
|
Term
| What are the parts of the respiratory system? |
|
Definition
| pharynx, epiglottis, larynx, trechea, bronchus, lung bronchiole, diaphragm, alveolus |
|
|
Term
| Where in the respitory system is gas exchanged? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the junction in the throat of the alimentary canal and the trachea |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| flap of tissue that covers the trachea during swallowing, preventing food from entering the lungs |
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Term
|
Definition
| voicebox; contains the vocal cords |
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Term
|
Definition
| tube between the larynx and bronchi through which air travels to the lungs; also called the windpipe |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| one of two tubes connecting the trachea to each lung |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thin tube that branches from a bronchus within a lung |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| organ consisting of sponge-like tissue that exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide with the blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one of millions of tiny sacs within the lungs where gas exchange occurs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sheet of muscle that forms the bottom wall of the chest cavity; contracts during inhaling and relaxes during exhaling |
|
|
Term
| what is the function of the muscular system? |
|
Definition
| to protect organs and assist in movement |
|
|
Term
| What are the parts of the muscular system? |
|
Definition
| tendons, muscle fibers, acin, myosin, myofibrils, sarcomere |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why do skeletal muscles have a dual pair? |
|
Definition
| because skeletal mucsles can only pull, they have a "partner" that will pull the muscle the opposite way. |
|
|
Term
| give an example of dual pair muscles. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dense connective tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| single, long cylindrical muscle cell containing many nuclei |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unit of muscle fiber made up of smaller units that contract |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unit of contraction in a muscle fiber |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| twisted, thin filament in a muscle fiber |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thick filament in a muscle fiber; has bump-like projections |
|
|
Term
| What is the function of the skeletal system? |
|
Definition
| provides a strong framework that holds your body up, protects soft organs and provides attachment sites for your muscles. |
|
|
Term
| What are the parts of the skeletal system? |
|
Definition
| vertebra, cartilage, marrow, ligaments, joints, bones |
|
|
Term
| what is yellow bone marrow? |
|
Definition
| consists of stored fat and serves as an energy reserve for the body. |
|
|
Term
| what is the function of red bone marrow? |
|
Definition
| produces cells that develop into your body's blood cells |
|
|
Term
| what are the two types of bones? |
|
Definition
| spongy(inside bones) and compact(outside & ends of bones) |
|
|
Term
| What are the two divisions of the skeletal system? |
|
Definition
axial - skull,spine,ribs
appendicular - arms,legs,chest,hips |
|
|
Term
| What are the types of bones? give an example of each. |
|
Definition
long - legs,arms,fingers
short- ankles,wrist
flat- sternum,skull
irregular- pelvis
sesamoid- platella(kneecap) |
|
|
Term
| List the five types of joints and give an example of each. |
|
Definition
immovable-skull
ball & socket-ankle,sholder, hip
pivot-neck
hinge-elbow,knee
gliding-wrist |
|
|
Term
| List two skeletal disorders |
|
Definition
| arthiritus and osteoprosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| segment of the backbone; encloses and protects the nerve cord |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| type of connective tissue softer than bone |
|
|
Term
| list 4 places you can find cartilage in the body. |
|
Definition
| between verterba, nose, ears, ends of bones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| specialized tissue found in bone; yellow bone marrow consists of stored fat that serves as an energy reserve; red bone marrow makes cells that develop into blood cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| area where one bone meets another |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| strong fibrous connective tissue that holds together the bones in movable joints |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| group of skeletal disorders characterized by inflamed joints |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disorder in which bones become thinner, more porous, and more easily broken |
|
|
Term
| What are the levels of organization in ecology? |
|
Definition
| organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere |
|
|
Term
| what are abiotic factors? |
|
Definition
| nonliving physical or chemical condition in an environment |
|
|
Term
| give examples of abiotic factors |
|
Definition
| sunlight, water, temperature, wind, soil, severe disturbances |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| any living part of an environment |
|
|
Term
| give examples of biotic factors |
|
Definition
| prokaryotes, protists, animals, fungi, and plants |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| scientific study of the interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| group of individuals of the same species living in a particular area at the same time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| all the organisms living in an area |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| community of living things plus the nonliving features of the environment that support them |
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|
Term
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Definition
| all the parts of the planet that are inhabited by living things; sum of all Earth's ecosystems |
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Term
| what are the three climate zones? |
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Definition
| tropics, polar, temperate |
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Term
| What causes unequal heating of earth's surface? |
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Definition
| the sun strikes the earth at different angles therefore heating some places more than others. |
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Definition
| regions between 23.5° N latitude and 23.5° S latitude; warmest temperature zones on Earth |
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Definition
| regions north of the Arctic Circle (66.5° N) and south of the Antarctic Circle (66.5° S), that receive the smallest amount of direct sunlight year-round |
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Definition
| latitudes between the tropics and polar regions in each hemisphere |
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Definition
| climate in a specific area that varies from the surrounding climate region |
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Definition
| map out an area into multiple quadrats, then in one quadrat count the population of a nonmoving organism and multiply that number by how many total quadrats there are to get your total population size. |
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Term
| Explain mark and recapture sampling. |
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Definition
| capture a small group of a total popualtion, making some mark on them and release them back into the wild. some time later you capture another amount of the same population and see how many premared organisms you get to estimate your total population. works best for moving organisms |
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Term
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Definition
| major type of terrestrial ecosystem that covers a large region of Earth |
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Term
| explain indirect sampling |
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Definition
| counting nests, burrows, or tracks rather than the organisms themselves. |
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Term
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Definition
| growth of a population that multiplies by a constant factor at constant time intervals |
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Definition
| condition that restricts a population's growth, such as space, disease, and food availability |
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Term
| define carrying compacity |
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Definition
| number of organisms in a population that an environment can maintain |
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Term
| Define density dependent factor |
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Definition
| factor that limits a population more as population density increases |
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Term
| define density inpendent factors |
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Definition
| factor unrelated to population density that limits a population |
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Term
| define interspecific competition |
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Definition
| competition between species that depend on the same limited resource |
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Term
| define competitive exculsion |
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Definition
| one species succeeding over another when the growth of both species is limited by the same resource |
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Definition
| unique living arrangement of an organism defined by its habitat, food sources, time of day it is most active, and other factors |
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Definition
| interaction in which one organism consumes another |
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Term
| define ecological sucession |
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Definition
| series of changes in the species in a community, often following a disturbance |
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Definition
| process by which a community arises in a virtually lifeless area with no soil |
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Term
| define secondary sucession |
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Definition
| change following a disturbance that damages an existing community but leaves the soil intact |
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Term
| define introduced species |
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Definition
| species moved by humans to new geographic areas, either intentionally or accidentally |
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Term
| What is the engergy pyramid? |
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Definition
| plants convert the light energy from sunlight to the chemical energy of organic compounds.Organisms called consumers obtain chemical energy by feeding on the producers or on other consumers.decomposers break down wastes and dead organisms. |
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Term
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Definition
| organism that makes its own food (autotroph) and produces organic molecules that serve as food for other organisms in its ecosystem |
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Definition
| organism that obtains food by eating producers (autotrophs) or other consumers |
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Definition
| organism that breaks down wastes and dead organisms |
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Term
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Definition
| feeding level in an ecosystem |
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Term
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Definition
| pathway of food transfer from one trophic level to another |
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Definition
| consumer that eats only producers |
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Definition
| consumer that eats only other consumers |
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Definition
| consumer that eats both producers and consumers |
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Definition
| consumer that feeds directly on producers |
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Term
| define secondary consumer |
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Definition
| consumer that eats primary consumers |
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Term
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Definition
| consumer that eats secondary consumers |
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Term
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Definition
| wastes and remains of dead organisms |
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Term
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Definition
| pattern of feeding in an ecosystem consisting of interconnected and branching food chains |
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Term
| Which processes recycle oxygen and carbon dioxide? |
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Definition
| cellular respiration ang photosynthesis |
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Term
| what are the main processes of the water cycle? |
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Definition
| condensation, precipitation, evaporation, and transpiration |
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Term
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Definition
| process by which certain bacteria convert nitrogen gas to ammonia |
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Definition
| evaporation of water from a plant's leaves |
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Definition
| process by which certain bacteria convert ammonium to nitrates |
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| DONT FORGET TO LOOK AT CYCLES |
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Definition
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