Term
| when do objects repel each other, and when do they attract? |
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Definition
| they repel each other with both charges being negative. they attract by both being positive charges. |
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Term
| explain how objects become statically charged. (list 3 examples) |
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Definition
| friction, induction, and conduction |
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Term
| what type of material is a good conductor? what is a good insulator? |
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Definition
most metals like silver, copper, brass, and etc.
rubber, wood, dry air and glass are good examples of great insulators |
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Term
| an object w/ equal amount of protons and electrons has a ___________ charge |
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Definition
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Term
| know the parts of a circuit. |
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Definition
| battery/dry cell, switch, light bulb, resister, and wires. |
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Term
| compare and contrast series circuit and a parallel circuit. |
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Definition
| series is a one route circuit that if one bulb blows they all blow. parallel is a multi-route circuit that if one bulb goes out the others will not blow. |
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Term
| what are the names if the terminals of a battery |
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Definition
| positive and negative are the names. |
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Term
| current is the rate at which charges move threw a _________ |
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Definition
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Term
| weather or not charges will move in a material depends partly on how tightly _______ are held in the atoms of the materials |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| volts(V) over current(I) and resistance(R) |
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Term
| who is Wegener and why is he important to plate tectonics |
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Definition
| he believed that the continents move and once they used to fit together like a puzzle |
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Term
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Definition
| when all the continents were all one big piece of land |
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Term
| what is the theory of continental drift, and give evidence of the theory |
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Definition
| that continents slowly move away from each other. how some dinosaurs that can only live in one region of the world were found in a couple places. |
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Term
| what are magnetic stripes and how do they give evidence of the continental drift theory. |
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Definition
| magnetic strips are just like big magnets that move the continents of this world some plates attract some repel. |
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Term
| name all the layers of the atmosphere including pauses |
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Definition
| troposphere, tropopause, stratosphere, stratopause, mesosphere, mesopause, thermosphere, and thermopause |
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Term
| explain the basic characteristics of the main atmospheric layers |
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Definition
troposphere contains wheather. stratosphere contains the ozone layer.
mesosphere contains meteors that burn up in the atmosphere. thermosphere contains auroras like the northern lights |
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Term
| how does the temp. change as you go up in the atmosphere. |
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Definition
| it changes in many ways. mesosphere is the coldest but the layer above it ( the thermosphere ) is the hottest. it is very weird |
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Term
| explain why the ozone layer is important and how do CFC's change the ozone |
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Definition
| the ozone layer protects us from the suns harmful UV rays. CFC's destroy the ozone slowly but surely. CFC' come from things like broken fridges and airisol cans |
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Term
| explain how and why carbon dioxide content changes the greenhouse effect in our atmosphere. |
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Definition
| it effects the temp. by destroying parts of ozone |
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Term
| what are the three main clouds |
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Definition
| Stratus. Cumulus. Cirrus. |
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Term
| what kind of weather does each type of cloud bring. |
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Definition
| cumulous brings thunderstorms. stratus brings drizzles normally. cirrus brings fair weather. |
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Term
| what is the relationship between air temp., dew point, and humidity |
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Definition
| Relative humidity is the ratio (expressed as a percentage) of the amount of moisture actually in the air to the maximum amount that can be present at that temperature. The dew point is the temperature at which a given sample of air will have a relative humidity of 100 percent; hence, the saturation temperature. All three -- relative humidity, temperature and dew point -- are bound together in the mathematical relationship below. |
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Term
| clouds appear when the air temp. is equal to the _____________ |
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Definition
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Term
| compare and contrast climate and weather |
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Definition
| climate is the weather in a region over a long period of time. and weather is the outside conditions |
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Term
| what variables define climate of a region |
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Definition
| time and weather conditions. |
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Term
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Definition
| precipitation means rain. condensation means holding the rain. evaporation means the rain is being heated where it becomes a smaller particals and floats into a cloud. transpiration is like trees sweating. |
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Term
| what is a front? what two things factors make up a front? |
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Definition
| Abiotic and biotic factors. wind. |
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Term
| tell the difference between a cold air mass and a warm air mass. what type of weather does and clouds do each type bring? |
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Definition
cold front: dry, cold
warm front: warm, humid |
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Term
| what does a isobar and isotherm measure? |
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Definition
| isobar is for measure of wind and isotherm is for temp. in that area. |
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Term
| what is nuclear fisson and what does it create? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the law of conservation energy? |
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Definition
| states that the total quantity of energy in the universe is constant |
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Term
| tell the difference between non-renewable resources and renewable. |
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Definition
| renewable resources can be created. we have infinite amount and non-renewable there is only so much of one thing before it runs out |
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Term
| explain how combustion occurs |
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Definition
| Generally organic molecules are heated up until they become vapor. The vapor rises to the flash point and ignites |
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Term
| list and describe the types,formations and sources of fossil fuels |
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Definition
| oil gas and stuff like that are fossil fuels |
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Term
| list types of alternate energy sources |
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Definition
| lightning, sun anything natural. |
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Term
| how does using alternative energy sources save the environment? |
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Definition
| because its not using non renuable sources. |
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Term
| what are the layers of the earth? |
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Definition
| crust,mantle,outer core,inner core. |
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Term
| where is the continental crust thickest on the earth? wheres the thinnest? |
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Definition
thickest: on continents
thinnest: in oceans |
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Term
| compare contrast oceanic crust to continental |
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Definition
| oceanic is over seas and continental is on lad plates |
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Term
| give the features of the layers of the earth |
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Definition
crust-igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rock.
mantle- delineated from the crust by the Mohorovicic Discontinuity, where seismic waves increase in velocity
outter core- composed of liquid iron and nickel along with small amounts of lighter elements
inner core- solid sphere of the inner core, a ball of incredibly hot iron-nickel alloy |
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Term
| radio active materials have unstable ________ |
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Definition
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Term
| compare and contrast convergent,divergent and fault bounderies. |
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Definition
convergent move togather
divergent move away
fault moves up and down |
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Term
| know what happens at san andreas fault in california. |
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Definition
| two plates moved and caused catastrophic damage. |
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Term
| what are convection currents |
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Definition
| Convection is the movement of molecules within fluids and rheids. It cannot take place in solids |
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Term
| give basic features and natural disasters that come from each if these plate bounderies. |
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Definition
| cracks in ground, sinkholes, earthquakes and tsunamis. |
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Term
| where do most earthquakes and volcanoes occur |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what does a seismograph measure? |
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Definition
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Term
| how many seismographs do you need to find the the epicenter? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what are p,s and surface waves |
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Definition
Seismic waves are waves of energy that s waves-travel through the Earth's layers, and are a result of an earthquake, explosion
are compressional waves that are longitudinal in nature. P waves are pressure waves that travel faster than other waves through the earth to arrive at seismograph stations first
surface waves are what happens to the surface when a earthquake happens |
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Term
| what is the Richter scale |
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Definition
| A numerical scale for expressing the magnitude of an earthquake on the basis of seismograph oscillations. |
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|
Term
| how is thunder and lightning formed? |
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Definition
Lightning is a flash of light created by electric discharge.
Thunder is created by a rapid expansion of air. Think of a balloon popping. |
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Term
| what characteristics are necessary to form a thunderstorm? |
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Definition
| Three basic ingredients are required for a thunderstorm to form: moisture, rising/unstable air, and a lifting mechanism to force this rising air higher and faster. |
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Term
| when do most thunderstorms, hurricanes and tornado's form? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| how do hurricanes form and how are they categorized? |
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Definition
| categorized by wind speed. and form by fast winds over the sea |
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Term
| basic ingredients for a hurricane to form. |
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Definition
| wind, warm and cold air, and water |
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Term
| how are tornadoes formed and how are they categorized? |
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Definition
| formed over land by warm and cold fronts colliding. categorized by wind speed. |
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Term
| what air masses are needed for a tornado to form? |
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Definition
| cold air front and a warm air front. |
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Term
| which direction does the wind tend to turn in the northern and southern hemisphere? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| characteristics needed for a blizzard? |
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Definition
| Winds of 35 miles per hour or more; Temperatures of 20 degrees or less |
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Term
| where do most of our energy come from? |
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Definition
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Term
| explain what happens to the earth when excess fossil fuels are burned. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| compare and contrast kinetic and potential energy. |
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Definition
kinetic is energy in motion.
potential is stored energy. |
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Term
| list five main types of energy. |
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Definition
| Mechanical, thermal energy, nuclear energy, chemical energy and electromagnetic energy |
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Term
| tell how energy can be transferred from source to source |
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Definition
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