Term
| The gravational force exerted by a large body, such as Earth, is |
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Definition
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Term
| The period of simple pendulum depends upon |
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Definition
| the length of the pendulum |
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Term
| To resolve a force vector into its components, a set of perpendicular axes is drawn. Then the ____ is drawn to scale at the correct angle |
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Definition
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Term
| Ignoring air resistance, if a 10-kg ball and a 200-kg crate were both dropped from the top of a building, the acceleration of the crate would be ____ the acceleration of the ball |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Using ____ rise and run will result in the most accurate slope on a position-time graph |
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Definition
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Term
| An object is in equilibrium when |
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Definition
| the net sum of the forces are zero |
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Term
| The change in a runner's velocity with time is the runner's |
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Definition
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Term
| According to Newton's ____ law, an object with no net force acting on it remains at rest or in motion with a constant velocity |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following are the results of the work of physicists |
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Definition
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Term
| One of the first European scientists to claim publicly that knowledge must be based on observations and experiments was |
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Definition
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Term
| A hiker moves 15 km due east and then heads due north for 8 km. What is the direction of the resultant |
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Definition
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Term
| When adding or subtracting measurements, first perform the operation and then round off the result to correspond to the ____ value involved |
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Definition
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Term
| Where would a pitcher have to aim a fast ball in order to have it pass at the height of the batter's chest |
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Definition
| just above the height of the batter's chest |
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Term
| The metric prefix that means 100 is |
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Definition
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Term
| What is indicated by a smooth, upward curving line on a graph |
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Definition
| a direct relationship between y and the square of x |
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Term
| Losing speed as you ride your bike uphill demonstrates Newton's ____ law |
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Definition
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Term
| The slope of a straight-line graph is the vertical change ____ the horizontal change |
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Definition
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Term
| The acceleration due to gravity of a free-falling object |
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Definition
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Term
| Knowing the magnitudes of the hypotenuse of a right trangle and the side opposite angle theata, you could comput the ____ of angle theata |
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Definition
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Term
| Why is the work of theoretical physicists in superconductivity not finished? |
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Definition
| There is no complete explanation of how new superconducters work. |
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Term
| The BCS theory was developed to explain how |
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Definition
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Term
| The equilibriant force is ____ the resultant |
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Definition
| equal in magnitude but opposite in direction to |
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Term
| Two teams in a tug of war exert the same amount of force on eachother and the rope does not move. Newton's ____ law explains why the rope does not move. |
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Definition
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Term
| To produce mechanical resonance, the time between applied forces must equal the ____ of the object |
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Definition
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Term
For an object moving with circular motion, the direction of centripetal acceleration is |
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Definition
| toward the center of the circle |
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Term
| The degree of exactness to which the measurement of a quantity can be reproduced is called |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following is called the language of physics? |
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Definition
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Term
| If the force of gravity on a balloon is 3000 N, and the lift force provided by the atmosphere is 3300 N, in which direction is the net force acting? |
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Definition
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Term
| The attractive force that acts between all objects is |
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Definition
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Term
| A child on a bicycle rides eastward past a house, as a car, also traveling eastward, slowly passes. Which of the following people would preceive the biker as having the greatest velocity? |
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Definition
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Term
If the horizontal component of a force is positive, then, by convention, the force acts |
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Definition
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Term
| In scientific notation, a number between 1 and 10 is multiplied by |
|
Definition
| a whole-number power of 10 |
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Term
| On a velocity-time graph, the slope of the tangent to the curve at a given point is the |
|
Definition
| instantaneous acceleration |
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Term
| To avoid parallax errors, laboratory instruments should be read |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Newton's ____ law states that the acceleration of a body is directly proportional to the net force on it and inversely proportional to its mass |
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Definition
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Term
| In trajectory motion, the initional horizontal velocity is ____ the final horizontal velocity |
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Definition
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Term
| An equation is wrong if both sides contain |
|
Definition
| different units of measure |
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Term
| An object in circular motion travels a distance of ____ during its period |
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Definition
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Term
| In projectile motion, the rising and falling times of the object are equal if the launching position is ____ the landing position |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| lowest possible temperature for matter |
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Term
| A cyclist finishes a 100-km race in 2.7 hours. The average velocity |
|
Definition
| equals the displacement divided by the total time |
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Term
| The slope of a position-time graph is the ____ of an object |
|
Definition
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Term
| The dock worker walks up a plank at constant speed. The frictional force that keeps the worker from slipping is equal in magnitude to the |
|
Definition
| force parallel to the plank |
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Term
| The ____ of any point on a velocity-time graph equals the instantaneous velocity at the time |
|
Definition
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Term
| The effects of the resultant vector is ____ the effect of the original vectors |
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Definition
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Term
If the average velocity of an object is the same for all time intervals, then the object moves at a(n) |
|
Definition
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Term
| A child lets go of a ball at the top of a driveway. The instantaneous acceleration of the ball as the child lets go is |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Mass and weight are related by |
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Definition
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Term
| Distance is a quantity that |
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Definition
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Term
| A variable that can be manipulated in an experiment is |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Suppose an object is dropped from a moving train. The time it takes to fall |
|
Definition
| is independent of the observer's position |
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Term
| Suppose you pull a wagon along a horizontal sidewalk. The force that pulls the wagon forward over the sidewalk is the ____ force |
|
Definition
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Term
| The downstream velocity of a river that flows south ____ a boat's eastward velocity |
|
Definition
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Term
| The displacement of an object moving with a constant acceleration can be calculated by |
|
Definition
| multiplying the sum of the initial and final velocitites by the time interval and dividing by 2 |
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Term
A dock worker pulls a trunk up a plank and accidentally lets go of it. The trunk begins to slide down the plank. When is the friction between the trunk and the plank at its maximun? |
|
Definition
| just as the worker lets go of the trunk |
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Term
| The effect of air resistance on the tail of a kite is ____ the effect of air resistance on the body of the kite |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| When the displacement of an object with simple harmonic motion is greatest, the acceleration has a |
|
Definition
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Term
| A runner is 5.0 km east of another runner, who is 5.0 km east of a parking lot. The parking lot is |
|
Definition
| a reference point for both runners |
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Term
| If air resistance is ignored, the displacement of a falling object is |
|
Definition
directly proportional to the square of time |
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Term
| The vertical change in position of an object that is dropped and that of and identical object that is thrown horizontally from the same height |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The area under the curve on a velocity-time graph equals the |
|
Definition
| displacement from the origional position to its position at time t |
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|
Term
| Constant acceleration on a velocity-time graph produces a curve that is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In Greenland, the acceleration due to gravity is ____ the acceleration due to gravity at Earth's equator |
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Definition
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Term
A surprising aspect of physics is that its results can be described by a small number of relationships, or |
|
Definition
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Term
| Difficulty in pushing a large crate from rest involves |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The slope of the tangent on a position-time graph equals the |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| The area under a curve on a velocity-time graph for an object moving with a uniform acceleration is the ____ of that object |
|
Definition
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Term
| Aristotle and his followers were mainly concerned with finding out |
|
Definition
| why specific events occur |
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Term
| As the angle of an inclined plane increases, the parallel force ____ and the perpendicular force ____ |
|
Definition
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Term
When multiplying quantities expressed in scientific notation (m x 10n) that have different exponents, you multiply the values of m and ____ the exponents |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| On a position-time graph, the velocity equals |
|
Definition
| the rise divided by the run |
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|
Term
| Which of the following best describes the relationship between the final and initial velocities of a uniformly accelerating object? |
|
Definition
The final velocity increases as the initial velocity increases |
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Term
| If you push against a wall, the wall pushes back against you with ____ force |
|
Definition
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Term
| When the drag force on an object equals the force of gravity, ____ occurs |
|
Definition
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Term
| A toy rocket is launced straight up into the air. When the rockey reaches its maximum height, its velocity is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Aristotle believed that all matter was composed of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The fundamental SI unit for time is the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When adding vectors graphically, the direction and length of each vector must |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A toy rocket is launched straight up into the air. The total displacement upon landing is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| To solve the equation vt=d for t, |
|
Definition
| divide both sides of the equation by v |
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|
Term
| When vectors are resolved into components on an inclined plane, the ____ force is the one that acts along the incline |
|
Definition
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Term
| A runner traveled 15 km east then backtracked 11 km before stopping. The displacement from the original position is |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| When constructing a graph from data, the range of the x-axis is determinded by the range of the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| For an object moving along a trajectory, the horizontal acceleration of an object ____ as the position changes |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| A runner is 5.0 km east of another runner, who is 5.0 km east of a parking lot. Where is the first runner with respect to the parking lot? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A graph that is a hyperbola represents ____ relationship |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| For an accelerating object, the slope on a position-time graph |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| As the angle of an inclined plane increases, the acceleration of an object approaches |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Vectors can be added in any order as long as the |
|
Definition
| tail of one vector is placed at the head of another vector |
|
|
Term
| Metals such as copper can be pounded into thin sheets due to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Momentum can be calculated by multiplying mass by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| On the Kelvin temperature scale, what is the freezing point of water? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If thermal energy is added to equal masses of substances, they will show different changes in temperature because their ____ are different |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| When a golf club hits a golf ball, the change in momentum of the ball is ____ the change in momentum of the club |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| The amount of heat needed to melt one kilogram of a substance is called that substance's |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| How much work is done if you raise a 6.0-N weight 1.5m above the ground? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| The SI unit of pressure is the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The ____ states that the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Anything that has mass is surrounded by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A change in the kinetic energy of an object is equal to the |
|
Definition
| new work done on the object |
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|
Term
| At sea level, if the area of a surface increases, the pressure of the atmosphere on the surface |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following objects is not being used as a simple machine? |
|
Definition
| a stick used to hold up a wilted plant |
|
|
Term
| Which form of thermal energy transfer is most effective in fluids? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The energy that flows as a result of a difference in temperature is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Any object that has energy has the ability to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The total amount of energy in an isolated, closed system |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to ____, an imaginary line from the sun to a planet sweeps out equal areas in equal time intervals |
|
Definition
Kepler's second law of planetary motion |
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|
Term
| As the distance between two bodies increase, the force of attraction between the bodies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The buoyant force exerted on an object immersed in a fluid is equal to |
|
Definition
| the weight of the displaced fluid |
|
|
Term
| As heat is applied to a sample of water at 1 C, the volume of the water |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In his example, Cavendish was able to determine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Two moving objects collide and move apart on paths that are 120* apart. The total momentum of the objects after the collision is ____ the total momentum before the collision |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| When waves spread our around the edge of a barrier, ____ occurs |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| If an object moving at a rate of 20 m/s collides with a stationary object and the two objects move away together, the velocity of the combined objects will be |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When a golf club hits a golf ball, the change in velocity of the ball is ____ that of the club |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Surface tension is the result of ____ forces within a liquid |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| An object has energy caused by its motion. This is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Einstein's general theory of relativity |
|
Definition
| mass causes space to be curved |
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|
Term
| The total increase in thermal energy of a system is the work done on it ____ the heat added to it |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| A(n) ____ transmits energy without transferring matter |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The hotness of a body it its |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| efficiency is always 100% |
|
|
Term
| In which of the following situations is work done on the football by gravity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When a force is exerted on an object, work is done only if the object |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The transfer of energy by mechanical means is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The shortest time interval during which wave motion repeats is the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Astronauts in an orbiting space shuttle experience a sensation of weightlessness because |
|
Definition
| the space shuttle is falling freely toward Earth |
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|
Term
| A(n) ____ is produced during destructive interference of waves |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Unlike work, heat is energy transferred because of |
|
Definition
| a difference in temperature |
|
|
Term
| A system is said to be closed if |
|
Definition
| objects cannot enter or leave it |
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|
Term
Vibrating bells produce ____ waves |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Waves on banjo strings are ____ waves |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| During constructive interference, the individual wave pulses |
|
Definition
| retain their original sizes and shapes |
|
|
Term
| If no net force acts on a body |
|
Definition
the velocity of the body is constant |
|
|
Term
| The gravitational potential energy of an object close to Earth is directly related to |
|
Definition
| both the mass and the height of the object |
|
|
Term
If 25 g of hot water are added to 35 g of cold water, the heat lost by the hot water is ____ the heat gained by the cold water |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The state of matter in which atoms become torn apart is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When you throw a ball up into the air, the total energy of the ball at any point in its flight can be expressed as kinetic energy ____ potential energy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If two bodies meet in an elastic collision, the total KE of the bodies before the collision is ____ the total KE of the bodies after the collision |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following make up a complex machine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In which of the following situations is no work done on a football? |
|
Definition
| carrying the football down the field |
|
|
Term
| Dropping a stone into water will produce a(n) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pressure can be calculated as force ____ area |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| During its orbital period, as a planet moves closer to the sun, the orbital velocity of the planet |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The speed of any mechanical wave depends on |
|
Definition
| the medium through which it travels |
|
|
Term
| The kinetic energy of a boulder weighting 50.0 N perched on the edge of a cliff 25.0 m high is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
As an object falls toward Earth, the potential energy of the object |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If the mechanical advantage of a machine is less than 1 |
|
Definition
| effort force is greater than resistance force |
|
|
Term
| Which of these is NOT needed to find the kinetic energy of an object? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If an object with a velocity of 50 m/s has the same momentum as that of a 10-kg mass having a velocity of 20 m/s, the mass of the object is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An internal force ____ the total momentum of a system |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Newton's law of universal gravitation, the force of attraction between any two masses is directly related to |
|
Definition
| the product of the two masses |
|
|
Term
| When light from the air enters a body of water, some of the energy moves back into the air as a(n) ____ wave |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The change in the direction of waves at the boundary between two different media is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In which of the following situations is work done on the football by a person? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The greatest change in momentum will be produced by |
|
Definition
| a large force acting over a long time |
|
|
Term
| When a golfer hits a golf ball, the force exerted by the ball on the club is ____ that exerted by the club on the ball |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
One definition of power is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The number of complete vibrations per second is the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Using an idea machine, a worker exerts an effort force of 5.0 N to move a 12.0-N weight a distance of 3.0 meters. The effort distance is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Bernoulli's principle, as the velocity of a fluid increases |
|
Definition
the pressure exerted by the fluid decreases |
|
|
Term
| The process by which matter changes state from a gas to a liquid is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thermal energy to mechanical energy |
|
|
Term
| When heated, only matter in the solid state exhibits |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A crystal lattice is a characteristic of many |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Pascal's principle, any change on a confined fluid |
|
Definition
| is transmitted unchanged througout the field |
|
|
Term
| A machine with a mechanical advantage greater than one |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If the average kinetic energy of the particles that make up a liquid increases |
|
Definition
| the temperature of the liquid increases |
|
|
Term
| An object that is deformed by a force and returns to its original form when the force is removed shows the property of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The shortest distance between two points on a wave where the watve pattern is repeated is the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When two objects are at thermal equilibrium |
|
Definition
| they are at the same temperature |
|
|
Term
| Impusles can be represented by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The disorder in a system is known as |
|
Definition
|
|
