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Final Lab Exam
Postharvest Diseases
21
Pathology
Undergraduate 4
11/24/2009

Additional Pathology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Postharvest Diseases

 

Cottony rot

 

Ascomycete

Definition

Caused by: Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Term

Postharvest Diseases

 

Ascomycete

 

Ergot

Definition
Caused By: Claviceps purpurea
Term

Postharvest Diseases

 

Deuteromycete

 

Aflatoxin

Definition
Produced by: Aspergillus flavus
Term

Postharvest Diseases

 

Deuteromycete

 

Blue and Green molds

Definition
Caused by: Penicillium
Term

Postharvest Diseases

 

Zygomycete

 

Zygomycete molds

Definition
Choenophora, Rhizopus, Mucor
Term

Postharvest Diseases

 

Fire Blight of Apples and Pears

Definition
Caused By: Erwinia Amylovora
Term

Postharvest Diseases

 

Bacterial soft spot

Definition
Caused By: Erwinia carotovora pv. carotovora
Term

Postharvest Diseases

 

Symptoms

Definition
  1. Soft rots due to tissue maceration, especially Erwinia carotovora
  2. In the case of Ergot, hard sclerotium that replaces the seed
Term

Postharvest Diseases

 

Signs

 

 

Definition
Copius, distinctively-colored mycelium
Term

Postharvest Diseases

 

Signs

 

Sclerotinia

Definition
White-colored mycelium with "rat-turd" sclerotia
Term

Postharvest Diseases

 

Signs

 

Claviceps

Definition
conspicuous black, horn-like sclerotia
Term

Postharvest Diseases

 

Signs

 

Penicillium

Definition
Usually green or blue colored mycelium
Term

Postharvest Diseases

 

Signs

 

Zygomycete molds

Definition
rank, translucent mycelium with black sporangia
Term

Postharvest Diseases

 

Signs

 

Erwinia carotovora

Definition
 ooze
Term

Postharvest Diseases

 

Special Features

 

Claviceps spp.

Definition
are deadly poison, hallucinogenic (LSD and other alkaloids)
Term

Postharvest Diseases

 

Special Features

 

Aspergillus flavus

Definition
produces aflatoxin, a deadly carcinogen
Term

Postharvest Diseases

 

Special Features

 

Erwinia carotovora

Definition
emits a putrid smell
Term

Postharvest Diseases

 

Pathogen Life Cycles

 

Host ranges

Definition
  1. Claviceps spp. restricted to grasses; causes most problems with open pollen ones, such as ryegrass (or in copper-deficient soils)
  2. All other infect many, many stored products (very wide host ranges)

Aspergillus flavus-- is especially serious in peanuts, corn under special conditions

 

Choanephora-- is common on withering floral parts

Term

Postharvest Diseases

 

Pathogen Life Cycles

 

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Definition
  1. Most aggressive under cool weather
  2. Compare and contrast features
  • Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotium rolfsii (sclerotia are formed, but no conidia)
  • Monilinia fructicola (apothecia are produced)
  • Opposite of Sclerotium rolfsii in that it thrives in cold wather
Term

Postharvest Diseases

 

Pathogen Life Cycles

 

Claviceps

Definition
  1. Produces sclerotia from which perithecia are produced
  2. Primary inoculum by ascospores
  3. Secondary inoculum by conidia vectored by tiny flies (Diptera)
  4. Problems amplified by: Cool weather (postpones pollination) High moisture (facilitates secondary cycles)
Term

Postharvest Diseases

 

Pathogen Life Cycles

 

Aspergillus flavus

Definition
  1. Abetted by factors that interfere with ripening
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