The Good Shepherd

Early Christian Period

The story of Jonah and orants painted ceiling of a cubiculumin the catacombs of Saint Peter  and Marcellinus.

Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus

Early Christian Period

Old Saint Peters

Early Christian Period

Rome, Italy 

1. Nave 2. Aisle 3. apse

4. transept 5. narthex 6. atrium

Santa Constanza

Early Christian Period

Rome, Italy

12 pairs of columns and an ambulatory

Christ as the Good Shepherd

Early Christian Period

Entrance Wall of Mausoleum of Galla Placadia

Ravenna, Italy

Miracle of the Loaves and Fishes

Early Christian Period

San't Apollinare Nuovo

Ravenna Italy

Hagia Sophia

Early Byzantine Period

Constantinople, Turkey

Dome with pendentives and squinches

Justinian, Bishop Maximianus, and attendants

Early Byzantine Period
San Vitale, - Ravenna, Italy

God given right to rule

Christ as the Patokrator

Middle Byzantine Period

Church of Dormition - Daphni, Greece

Crucifixion
Middle Byzantine Period

Church of Dormition - Daphni, Greece

Classicism - simplicity, dignity and grace

Vladimir Virgin (Icon)
Middle Byzantine Period

Byzantine traits: Virgin's long straight nose; golden rays in Jesus' draery; decorative contour; flat silhouette against golden background. 

Lidisfarne Gospels

Hiberno-Saxon Period
full page devotion of carpet page

Saint Matthew, Ebbo Gospels
Carolingian Period

Classical illusionism and northern linear tradition

Crucifixion, Lindau Gospels
Carolingian Period

Repoussé (hammered on press relief)

Palatine Chapel
Carolingian Period

Influenced by San Vitale

Plan For Monestary at Saint Gall

Carolingian period
Saint Bendict , "work ethics"
Crossing square 

Saint Michael's, Hildesheim
Ottonian Period

double transept plan, crossing square - piers, and columns  gives visual emphasis to the three units

Gero Crucifixion
Ottonian Period

Like Lindau Gospels cover, but more Byzantine (bearded Jesus), and intense agony

Otto III

Ottonian Period
 Resembles Justinian - empereor enthroned, clergy and church to the sides.

Saint Étienne

Romanesque Period

Caen, France

Carloingian and Ottonian Westwork, 4 large buttresses, massive!!!!, groin ribbed vaulting for lighter cielings (safer!), allowed higher and bigger churches, gallery and clerestory 

Durham Cathedral
Romanesque Period

England

double ribbed vaulting with slightly pointed arches (start of gothic) ,ornaments cut into stone pillars, seven part vaults

Pisa Cathedral

Romanesque Period

Italy

built after victory over muslims, free standing bell tower, seperate from cathedral, marble facade, gothic remodeled exterior 

San Miniato

Romanesque Period

green and white marble, playful colors, flat wooden roof without vaulting

Christ In Majesty

Romanesque Period

Gelduinus

In Saint Sernin, relief, with Christ seatedin a mandorla raising his right hand and left hand holding a book that says peace be with you, composition from a Carloingian or Ottonian book cover

Saint Pierre Moissac

Romanesque Period

South Portal

tympanum-depicts second coming of Christ as King and Judge, four evangelists, attendant angel holding scrolls to record human deeds for judgement, richly decorated tremau-entwined creatures of lions that act as guardians, elabotated door jambs. 

Last Judgement

Romanesque Period

Gislebertus

Tympanum: 4 Angels, dramatic version of the last judgement, Left: heaven, Below: people lining up waiting to be judged; Right: thoe who are condemned in hell

At Saint Lazare, France

Pentecost and Mission of the Apostles

Romanesque Period

At La Madeleine, Jesus ascending into heaven giving his missio to his apostles to continue work and teachings of God throughout the world. Very electric! Zapping rays to equally animated apostles; Litel: ethopians because of the pig snouts, why the mission of the apostles? pilgrimage = taking the mission of Christ to far away lands; Christ is elongated, imperial, not walking on earth.

Reliquary of Saint Alexander

Romanesque Period

Belgium

almost life sized head, repoussé in siliver with bronze lining for hair, collar of jewels and enamel plaques

Return of Naturalism

Vision of Hildegard of Bingen

Romanesque Period

Hildegard of Bingen saw visions became nun a 15

Initial R, Moralia in Job

Romanesque Period

Ambulatory, Saint Denis

Gothic Period

France

Start of Gothic Period, exceptionally lightweight, pointed arches and ribbed vaulting elminiated walls between chapels and opened up outer walls and fill them with stained glass windows, double tower westwork, rose window

Chartes Cathedral

Gothic Period

Royal Portal

Tympana form left to right: christ's ascension, second coming, and jesus in the lap of virgin mary; jabs: statues of old testaments kings and queens, classical statues replaced columns but gothic figures are attached to the columns; era of personality and individuality

Laon Cathedral

Gothic Period

France
Ribbed vaulting on pointed arches, Romanesquw alternate support system of compound and simple piers in the nave arcade, reduce sheer mass and replace with intricate framed voids; emphasizes verticality

Amiens Cathdral

Gothic Period

more deeply penetrated and more intricate compared to Laons Cathedral, inspire by Chartes Cathedral, vertical emphasis 144ft high.

Visitation, Reims Cathedral

Gothic Period

different artistic styles; togas contraposso pose, used as a gothic S curve, elegant, clasical cool faces; Anunciation: Mary -looks more realistic, must have been an actual woman and Angel - long elangant the Court Style

Saint Chapelle

Gothic Period

Rayonnant style; High Gothic style: no walls, but glass windows; extreme slenderness

Abraham and the Three Angels

Gothic Period

reflects Roynannt style of Gothic architecture; blues emulated stained glass windows; old testament story to preconfigure Christian Trinity; linear wavy strands, elegant proporions

Salisbury Cathedral

Gothic Period

English Gothic Style, horizontally; facade has lancet windows and blind arcades with pointed arches and statuary; dominating crossing tower;
three story elevation, pointed arches, four part rib vaults, compound piers, tracery of the triforium

rich contrast in light stoned walls and dark marble for triforium modings

Chapel of Henry VII

Gothic Period

Fan vaulting with large hanging pendants

Cologne Cathedral

Gothic Period
Germany
 longest to build, Looks delicate and fragile

Saint FrancisItalian

Bonaventura Berlinghieri

Egg tempera on wood panel; altar piece, bmeant to create gap between viewer and him; has jesus's stigmata (wounds of christ); rope with three knots to represent poverty, chastity and obedience

 Pisa Pulpit
Italian

 Nicola Pisano

trefoil arches, lion supporting columns; gothic: highly ornate Corinthian capitals; roman: relef panels much like the sarcophagus

Pistoia Pulpit

Italian

 14th Century Italian

loose and dynamics figures, stolid presentation of the narrative, drama, nervous agitation

Madonna Enthroned
14th Century Italian
Cimabue

Symmetrical proportions, gold background, 3dimensional space, looking into a window, angels piled. gold lining in drapery

Madonna Enthroned
14th Century Italian

 Giotto Di Bondone

gold background, much more realistic throne, and 3d, sitting inside the throne, light and shade, jesus looks like a baby; size hierarchy, gigantic mary, smaller saints and angels, circled around the throne

Arena Chapel (Scrovegni Chapel)

14th Century Italian
Giotto

Wealthy merchant commissioning art as a dedication to god as an act of Penance; last judgement-naturalism

Maesta

14th Century Italian

 Duccio

Virgin Mary, Jesus and group of saints, Mary is the saint for city of Sienna, adopts byzantine elements: playful partneriing, linear quality, light and shade, size hierarchy, base of 3d, sitting in a throned space, figure of jesus baby like, front saints individualized, textiles, variety of cloths

Annunciaiton

 Italian

Simone Martini

elegant shapes, radiant colour, fluttering line, weightlss figures in a spaceless setting, gabriel: gold- represents celestial realm form heaven, elegant S curve, elnogated, etiquette of the court, french gothic look, four lilies = virgin mary's purity, four stands for the 4 gospels

Effects of Good Governement in the Country and City
14th Century Italian

Ambrogio Lorenzetti

Composition: seated figure with figures on both sides, personifications of the virtues, cardinal virtues on top; good citizens of sienna. much like the last judgement; idea of judgement, figure of justice, looking up, is the virtue of wisdom, angels of sales giving out justice.

Perspective system, receeding itno space, different groups of figures, safe for women to go out, prosperous city, people coming in goods, with shops, teach teaching students; prosperous city.

Ladies dancing, cobbler making and selling shoes, all in 14th century clothing; good government in country side; vineyards; figure of security

Triumph of Death
14th Century Italian

Traini