Term
| what are the different types of energy |
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Definition
| potential, kinetic, chemical, electrical, thermal, nuclear, electromagnetic |
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Term
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Definition
| the removal of an electron from an atom |
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Term
| what are the two sources of ionizing radiation |
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Definition
| natural environmental(radon) and man-made(diagnostic x-rays) |
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Term
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Definition
| Wilhelm Roentgen, Nov. 8, 1895 (crookes tube) |
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Term
| what made the coolidge tube better than the crooks tube |
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Definition
| allowed for separate selection of energy: kV and intensity: mAs |
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Definition
| as low as reasonably achievable |
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Definition
| allows numbers to be written and manipulated more easily |
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| the amount of radiation in the air |
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Definition
| the absorbed dose by the patient |
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Definition
| the quantity of radiation to the worker (occupational dose) |
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Term
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Definition
| the smallest particle that has all the properties of an element |
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Term
| what are the three particles of an atom |
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Definition
| electron(negative), proton(positive), neutron(neutral |
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Term
| what are the electron shells labeled? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the maximum number of electrons per shell |
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Definition
| 2n^2 (no outer shell can have more than 8) |
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Term
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Definition
| the strength of attachment of an electron to the nucleus |
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Term
| properties of binding energy |
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Definition
close to nucleus=tight
greater # of electrons=tight
larger atom=tight |
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Term
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Definition
| atoms that have the same number of protons but differing numbers of neutrons |
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Term
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Definition
| the emission of particles and energy from a nucleus (in order to become stable) |
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Term
| what are the two main types of particulate radiation |
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Definition
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Term
| what is an alpha emission |
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Definition
| the release of 2 protons and 2 neutrons from then nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
| the release of an electron from a radioactive nucleus, with the simultaneous conversion of a neutron into a proton |
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Term
| what are the 2 types of electromagnetic radiation (important to radiology) |
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Definition
| x-rays(electron cloud) and gamma rays(nucleus) |
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Term
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Definition
| the smallest quantity of any type of electromagnetic radiation |
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Term
| what are the 4 properties used to describe photons |
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Definition
| velocity, amplitude, wavelength, frequency |
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Term
| what is the speed of light |
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Definition
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Term
| electromagnetic wave equation |
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Definition
| c=f(lambda) (speed of light)= frequency (wavelegth) |
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Term
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Definition
| a property of structures that attenuate x-rays (x-rays pass through) |
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Term
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Definition
| property of structures that absorb x-rays (x-rays can't pass through) |
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Term
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Definition
| the reduction in intensity resulting from scattering and absorption |
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Term
| inverse square law equation |
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Definition
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Term
| an object is electrified when: |
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Definition
| it has too few or too many electrons (movement of negative electric charges) |
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Term
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Definition
| fundamental unit of electric charge (6.3 x 10^18) |
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Term
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Definition
| opposites attract, likes repel, and coulumbs law |
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Term
| what creates electric potential |
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Definition
| when like electric charges want to fly apart (measured in volts) |
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Term
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Definition
| the study of electric charges in motion |
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Term
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Definition
| an substance through which electrons flow easily |
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Term
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Definition
| any material that does not allow electrons to flow |
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Term
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Definition
| sometimes an insulator, sometimes a conductor |
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Term
| what is an electric circuit |
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Definition
| the path over which the current flows |
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Term
| what are the three main factors that characterize a simple electric circuit |
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Definition
| electric potential(voltage), current, and resistencde |
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Term
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Definition
| difference in potential(volts) |
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Term
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Definition
| electric charge flowing per second(amps) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| all elements are connected in a line along the same conductor |
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Term
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Definition
| elements are connected at their ends (instead of a line) |
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Definition
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Definition
| electrons flowing in only one direction |
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Definition
| electrons flowing alternately in opposite directions |
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Term
| what are the three classifications of magnets |
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Definition
| natural, permanent, electromagnet |
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Term
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Definition
| wire wrapped around an iron core, electric current creates a magnetic field |
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Term
| electromagnetic induction |
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Definition
| when the circuit is in a changing magnetic field |
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Term
| what factors affect the strength of an induced current |
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Definition
| strength of magnetic field, velocity of magnetic field, angle of conductor to magnetic field, number of turns in conductor |
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Term
| what is the function of the transformer |
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Definition
| change the intensity of voltage |
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Term
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Definition
| turns ratio greater then 1 (decreases current) |
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Term
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Definition
| turns ratio less than 1 (increases current) |
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Term
| what are the three types of transformers |
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Definition
| closed-core, autotransformer, shell-type |
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Term
| transformer (autotransformer) law |
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Definition
| Is/Ip=Np/Ns or Vs/Vp=Ns/Np |
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