Term
| ____ is the process by which organisms best adapted to their environment survive and pass on genetic characteristics, while those organisms least adapted tend to be eliminated |
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Definition
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Term
| ____ is the occurance of small scale changes in gene frequencies in a population, over a few generations |
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Definition
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Term
| Natural selection leads to |
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Definition
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Term
| ____ is observable, _____ is not observable |
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Definition
| Micro evolution, macro evolution |
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Term
| what is the primary cause of micro evoluton |
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Definition
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Term
| what cause of microevolution occurs when a given individual in a population is no equally likely to mate with any other members? |
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Definition
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Term
| This mode of natural selection moves the population toward an extreme by favoring one extreme phenotype |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| domains bacteria and archaea only |
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Term
| Viruses are very simple, being made primarily of |
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Definition
| genetic material(dna or rna), capsid, sometimes surrounded by an envelope |
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Term
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Definition
| Nucleoid region, ribosomes, plasma membrane, cell wall, various appendages |
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Term
| The cell wall of bacteria is composed of |
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Definition
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Term
| 3 typical forms of bacteria |
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Definition
| coccus, bacilius, spirochete |
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Term
| Dehydrated version of a bacterium with a protective spore coat |
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Definition
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Term
| Endospores allow bacteria to |
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Definition
| survive harsh conditions for very long periods |
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Term
| List 3 important services that are performed by bacteria |
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Definition
| Decomposition, Nitrogen fixation, food production |
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Term
| List 2 illnesses caused by bacteria |
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Definition
| Strep throat, staph infection |
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Term
| chemical compounds produced by one microorganism that are toxic to another microorganism |
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Definition
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Term
| Why are antibiotics losing their effectiveness? |
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Definition
| they're over prescribed, and often full course is not taken leading to populations of bacteria resistant to antibiotics |
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Term
| Archaea are similar to bacteria____, but different from bacteria ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| Protozoans, slime molds, and water molds are _____proists, they do not make their own food |
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Definition
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Term
| a ____ is an example of a protozoan which moves by pseudopod. they're constantly changing shape |
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Definition
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Term
| The ____ are the most complex group of protozoans. hundreds of cillia beat together to move these organisms |
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Definition
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Term
| a _____ is an example of a flagellate protozoan which has an eyespot that allows it to detect light |
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Definition
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Term
| algae are photsynthetic organisms which makes them ____ meaning they ____ |
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Definition
| Autotrophs, make their own food |
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Term
| ____ are multi cellular algae that live in cold, marine enviroments. they are commonly called kelp. |
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Definition
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Term
| ____ are numerous aquatic unicellular algae and have intricate cell wals made of silica |
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Definition
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Term
| ____ are unicellular algae responsible for red tides |
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Definition
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Term
| phytoplankton, the small photosynthetic organisms suspended in fresh and marine surface waters |
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Definition
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Term
| phytoplankton are extremely important to life on earth because they |
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Definition
| produce most of earths oxygen, and are the base of most aquatic food chains, meaning almost all aquatic organisms are ultimately dependent on them |
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Term
| Volvox are unicellular green algae that |
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Definition
| exist as colonies, a single layer of flagellated cells surrounding a water interior- forming a sphere |
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Term
| what breaks down food outside their bodies by releasing digstive enzymes, the absorbing molecules |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| slender filaments called hyphae |
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Term
| A mushroom is an example of a |
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Definition
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Term
| in fungi a _____ is a reproductive cell that can develop into new hyphae without fusing with another reproductive cell |
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Definition
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Term
| Fungal spores are released into the environment from |
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Definition
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Term
| member of the fungal phylum zygomycota are commonly called |
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Definition
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Term
| members of the fungal phylum _____ produce fruiting bodies called basidiocarps |
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Definition
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Term
| are mutualistic associations between plant roots and fungal hyphae that are very important to plant health and eosystems |
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Definition
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Term
| in mycorrhizal associations, fungi benefit by getting _____ from the plant while the plant benfits by getting ____ from the fungi |
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Definition
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Term
| ____ are plants that lack a true vascular system |
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Definition
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Term
| ____ are non flowering seed plants, whose seds are not surrounded by a fruit |
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Definition
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Term
| ____ are flowering seed plants, whose seeds are surrounded by a fruit |
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Definition
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Term
| ____ consist of a plant embryo, food supply and tough protective coat |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| example of a seedless vascular plant |
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Definition
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Term
| Why are plants important? |
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Definition
1.carry out photosynthesis
2. anchor soil & prevent erosion
3.absorb carbon dioxide & polltants |
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Term
| what is the primary purpose of plant roots? |
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Definition
| to take up water and mineral nutrients and transport to rest of plant |
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Term
| this root system has larger central root surrounded by smaller lateral roots |
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Definition
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Term
| the aboveground portion of the plant |
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Definition
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Term
| primary purpose of a plant leaf |
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Definition
| to absorb sunlight which drives photosynthesis |
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Term
| _____ cells are located on the exterior of the leaf, ______ cells are located in the middle of the leaf and site of photosynthesis. |
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Definition
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Term
| ____ are the pores on the leaf surface, surrounded by _____ which open & close to allow gasses and water vapor into out of the leaf. |
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Definition
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Term
| The stem of plants serves as |
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Definition
| A storage site for food reserves & structure for the plant |
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Term
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Definition
| the reproductive parts of plants |
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Term
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Definition
| leaf like structures of the flower that protect it before it opens |
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Term
| The stamen is composed of a long slender stalk called a -----, and an ______ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the female reproductive structure of a flower |
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Term
| All plants cycle through an alteration of generations in reproduction. In angiosperms, mature trees are the ____ generation. Pollen grains and embryo sacs produce gamates, making them the ____ generation. |
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Definition
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Term
| in the alteration generations life cycle of plants, the sporohyte generation is _____, while the gametophyte generation is _______ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The ovary surrounding the seed |
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Term
| the purpose of the fruit is to |
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Definition
| protect the seed and provide a means of seed dispersal |
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Term
| ____ are plants whose entire life cycle occurs within one year. |
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Definition
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Term
| monocot or eudicot? Taproot system |
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Definition
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Term
| monocot or eudicot? Vascular bundles in stem arranged in a ring |
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Definition
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Term
| monocot or eudicot?narrow leaves with parrallel veins |
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Definition
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Term
| monocot or eudicot? Flower parts in multiples of 3 |
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Definition
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Term
| monocot or eudicot? ex: maple tree, geraniums, rose bushes |
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Definition
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Term
| Although animals are a diverse group, most have what in common? |
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Definition
| Heterotrophs by ingestion, cells without walls, muscle and nerve tissue. |
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Term
| more complex animals have a ____ which is enclosed body cavity completely lined with mesodermal cells |
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Definition
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Term
| the ednoderm is the germ layer present in some animal embryos that develops into the |
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Definition
| Inner layer; digestive cavity |
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Term
| this phylum have a foot, visceral mass, and a mantle which may secrete shell producing material ex. snails, squids |
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Definition
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Term
| no organs or tissue, asymetrical; ex. sponges |
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Definition
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Term
| bilateral symmetry, acoelomates, sac body plan; flatworms-Tapeworms, planaria |
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Definition
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Term
| radial symmetry, sac body plan, ring of tenticles sting and capture prey, ex: jelly fish |
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Definition
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Term
| segmented worms,repeated body segments provide flexibility and strength; eartworms, leeches. |
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Definition
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Term
| Radial symmetry as adults, most live on sea floor-slow movers but good predators.Ex: sea stars, sea urchines |
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Definition
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Term
| this phylum are called roundworms, have a psuedocoelom, a complete digestive tract with two openings ad are often parasitic |
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Definition
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Term
| this phylum are extremely diverse, have jointed paired appendages, exoskeletons, and include insects lobsers and spider |
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Definition
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Term
| this phylum have a notochord and a dorsal tubular nerve cord at some point in their loves |
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Definition
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Term
| What domain, kingdom, phylum, and subphylum do humans belong to? |
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Definition
| Eukarya, animalia, chordata, vertebrata |
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