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Repetition of the last word of one clause at the beginning of following clause.
ex. The crime was common, common be the pain. |
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the repetition of the same word or group of words at the beginnings of successive clauses.
ex. We shall fight...we shall fight...we shall fight... |
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repetition of words, in successive clauses, in reverse grammatical order
ex. One should eat to live, not live to eat. |
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the juxtaposition of contrasting ideas often used in parallel structure
ex. What if I am rich, and another is poor--strong and he is weak... |
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placing side by side two coordinate elements, the second of which serves as an explanation or modification of the first
ex. The mountain was the earth, her home. |
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deliberate omission of conjunctions between a series of related clauses
ex. I came, I saw, I conquered. |
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(the "criss-cross") reversal of grammatical structures in successive phrases or clauses.
ex.His time a moment, and a point his space. |
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arrangement of words, phrases, or clauses in an order of increasing importance.
ex. Let a man acknowledge obligations to his family, his country, and his God. ` |
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deliberate omission of a word or words which are readily implied by the context.
ex. And he to England shall along with you. |
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repetition at the end of a clause of the word that occurred at the beginning of the clause.
ex. Blood hath brought blood, and blows have answered blows... |
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repetition of the same word or group of words at the ends of successive clauses.
Ex. When we first came we were very many and you were few. Now you are many and we are getting very few. |
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the use of exaggerated terms for the purpose of emphasis or heightened effect.
ex.It rained for four years, eleven months, and two days. |
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a scheme of parallel structure which occurs when the parallel elements are similar not only in grammatical structure but also in length
ex. An envious heart makes a treacherous ear. |
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similarity of structure in a pair or series of related word, phrases, or clauses
ex. So Janey waited a bloom time, and a green time and an orange time. |
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insertion of some verbal unit in a position that interrupts the normal syntactical flow of the sentences
ex."The English (it must be owned) are rather a foul-mouthed nation." |
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repition of words derived from the same root
ex. we would like to contain the uncontainable future in a glass |
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deliberate use of many conjunctions.
ex."I don't care a fig for his sense of justice--I don't care a fig for the wretchedness of London; and if I were young, and beautiful, and clever, and brilliant, and of a noble position, like you, I should care still less."
(Henry James, The Princess Casamassima, 1886) |
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A question asked merely for effect with no answer expected. The answer may be obvious or immediately provided by the questioner.
ex."Marriage is a wonderful institution, but who would want to live in an institution?"
(H. L. Mencken) |
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constructs functional, grammatical and rhetorical
functional: declarative, interrogative, imperative, exclamatory
grammatical: simple, compound, complex, compound-complex
rhetorical: periodic and cumulative
clauses: dependent and independent |
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analysis vs. summary (analysis mentions techniques used to further argument in piece)
steps in analysis (chunk and weave/ claim evidence warrant to how and why they used those devices!)
rhetorical choices: diction, syntax, imagery, figurative language, structure, tone |
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defend, refute, or qualify
argument terminology: claim evidence and warrent
rhetorical triangle! (ethos, pathos, logos) |
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underlining vs. quotation marks (underline whole pieces and quotations for parts of a whole)
Capitalization, grammar, punctuation... (punctuate INSIDE THE QUOTES) |
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free from bias, prejudice
ex.She gave us her candid opinion on the matter. |
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strong excitement of feeling
ex. The teacher is so enthusiastic about teaching English grammar that he even tried to teach his dog about the present perfect tense. |
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using conversational style
ex. But I think part of this pickle that we're in—if I may be colloquial, even though I'm not running for office—is that we've lost their sense of responsibility. —Sarah Vowell, Entertainment Weekly, 24 Oct. 2008 |
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Providing encouragement or emotional help.
ex. My friends were very supportive because of my winning the game. |
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containing or imposing condemnation or censure
ex.When I was growing up I got used to hearing the condemnatory phrase: `That young man needs taking down a peg or two. |
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Arouse fierce anger, shock, or indignation in (someone)
ex. "he was outraged at this attempt to take his victory away from him". |
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| Deriving from or affected by uncontrolled extreme emotion ex. "hysterical laughter" |
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Comfort (someone) at a time of grief or disappointment.
ex. There was a lot of consoling for the people affected by the hurricane. |
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Feeling, showing, or expressing sympathy
ex.An example of sympathetic is a person who feels badly for a friend who lost her job. |
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Smile or speak in a contemptuous or mocking manner
ex."she sneered at my decor". |
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Acting in a way that betrays a feeling of patronizing superiority.
ex.It is considered improper to use a condescending tone with someone of a higher position or authority. |
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Having or displaying an excessively critical point of view.
ex.He's judgmental about everyone except himself. |
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