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| The three main roles played by organisms in community life are: producer, consumer, and _____________. |
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Definition
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| Intraspecific competition, predation, symbiosis, and interspecific competition are the main types of niteractions that occur among species in a _________. |
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Definition
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| A(n) ______________ has both biotic and abiotic components. |
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| An organism's ecological role within the structure and function of a particular community is its ecological _____________. |
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Definition
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| _____________ is best described as the local enviornment in which a species lives. |
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| ______________ resources would include temperature in a terrestrial habitat, mineral content of the soil, amount of precipitation, and salinity in an aquatic habitat. |
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Definition
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| During ___________ between predator and prey species, the predatory species becomes more efficient at catching prey, while the prey species becomes better at escaping predators. |
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Definition
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| A frog that lacks chemical defenses, yet resembles a poison arrow frog, would exhibit ________________ __________. |
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| Many poisonous snakes share warning colors of red, yellow, and black. This is an example of ______________ _____________. |
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Definition
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| An example of _________ is Rhizobium and legumes. |
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Definition
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| In a parasitic relationship where the host contracts a disease and sometimes dies, the parasite is called a ________. |
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Definition
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| ________ species are typically not the most abundant species in the community. |
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| The _______ _________ forest would most likely have the greatest richness. |
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Definition
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| The orderly replacement of one community by another is known as ___________. |
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| ___________ succession may be seen on new larva or on sand dunes. |
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| ________ _____________- begins in an area where there was a preexisting community and well-formed soil. |
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Definition
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| Approximately ____ of the radiant energy entering an ecosystem is used in photosynthesis. |
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Definition
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| Primary producer and autotrough are synonymous with __________ organisms. |
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Definition
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| Earthworms are an example of __________. |
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Definition
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| A linear depiction energy flow in an ecosystem is a _______ _________. |
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Definition
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| __________ consumers would contain the lowest quantity of energy. |
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Definition
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| A _____ _______ is a more realistic depiction than a food chain because organisms rarely eat just one kind of food. |
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Definition
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| Draw a pyramid of biomass |
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Definition
^
/ Teritary \
/ Secondary \
/Primary Consumer \
/Primary Producer \ |
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| _________ loss is a key factor that limits the numebr of trophic levels in an ecosystem. |
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Definition
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| A primary source of _________ for photosynethetic organisms is carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and water. |
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Definition
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| Fixation of carbon is accomplished by ______________ organisms. |
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Definition
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| _____________ can be returned to the atmosphere by animal respiration, combustion, plant respiration, and decomposition. |
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Definition
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| Since 1750, the main cause of increased carbon dioxide being released into the atmosphere is the burning of ______________ _____________ such as coal and gasoline. |
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Definition
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| To date, humans have interfered with all of the biogeochemical cycles on Earch, but this interference has been of the greatest magnitude, in terms of human-unduced changes in climate, in the ________ cycle. |
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Definition
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| Bacteria are most essential in the cycling of _____________. |
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Definition
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| ___________ is a critical requirement for living organisms, because it is a component of nucleaic acids and proteins. |
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Definition
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| Ammonification, denitrification, nitrogen fixation, and nitrification of the _______ cycle are performed by most bacteria. |
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Definition
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| Nitrogen-fixing bacteria convert gaseous nitrogen into _________. |
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Definition
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| The nutrient cycle that does not have a gaseous phase is the ________cycle. |
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Definition
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| Transpiration, precipitation, evaporation, and condensation are involved in the _________ cycle. |
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Definition
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| The ___________ found on a rotting log would include mosses, bacteria, termites, and lichens. |
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Definition
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| All of the individuals of the same species that inhabit the same place at the same time are known as a __________. |
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Definition
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| ALl of the alleles for all the loci present in a population is called the ________ ___________. |
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Definition
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| In an animal population is _________, each indificual possesses two allels for each locus. |
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Definition
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| A population in which the allele and genotype frequencies do not change over time is said to be in ________ ________. |
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Definition
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| State the equation for the Hardy-Weinberg principle. |
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Definition
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| Mechanisms that prevent interbreeding between two different species whose ranges overlap are referred to as _________ ______________- mechanisms. |
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Definition
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| Reproductive isolation mechanisms that prevent fertilixation are termed _________ ______________. |
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Definition
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| One group of fruit flies reproduces in August and oen group reproduces in September. __________ ______________ mechanisms would prevent them from cross breeding. |
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Definition
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| The ranges of black bears and brown bears overlap. However, black bears spend most of their time in the woods and brown ebars spend most of their time along the river. _____________ ___________ would best describe why black and brown bears do not interbreed. |
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Definition
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| The distinctive mating signals that have evolved as a part of an animal's courship illustrate ______________ ______________ which is an example of reproductive isolating mechanisms. |
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Definition
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| ______________ of a stimulus must come first before a response can occur. |
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Definition
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| A muscle is an example of an _________. |
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Definition
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| _____________ neurons transmit information TO the central nervous system. |
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Definition
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| The transmission of your voice from your cell phone to the cell phone tower most closely resembles afferent neurons transmitting information to the __________ nervous system. |
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Definition
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| _____________ integrate information coming into and out of the CNS. |
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Definition
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| The sensory nerves of the __________ portion of the peripheral nervous system transmit information from sensory organs to the central nervous system. |
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Definition
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| The portion of the peripheral nervous system that regulates the internal enviornment is the __________ nervous system. |
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Definition
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| The _________ is the portion of the brain that is the main regulator of interal organs. |
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Definition
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| The __________ is responsible for the control of the heartbeat and blood pressure. |
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Definition
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| The _______ nervous system contains a brain and dorsal tubular spinal cord. |
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Definition
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Term
| Place these in the correct order: Action potential, stimulus, receptor potential, transduction into electrical energy. |
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Definition
1. Stimulus
2. Transduction into electrical energy
3. Receptor potential
4. Action potential |
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Term
| After working several hours in a flower ship, you do not detect the smell of the roses b ecause sensory ___________ has occurred. |
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Definition
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| Since all action potentials are essentially the same, how can one differentiate visual and auditory stimuli? Each type of _________ receptor transmits its stimulus to a specific area of the brain for interpretation. |
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Definition
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| Changes in blood pH can be detected by _____________. |
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Definition
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| For astronauts to effectivelty make repairs to the space station they must rely on ________________. |
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Definition
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| The component in the highest concentration in plasma is _____________. |
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Definition
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| Waste products, dissolved gases, salts, and proteins are all components of ____________. |
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Definition
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| The biconcave shape of an _____________ contributes to its efficiency in distributing oxygen. |
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Definition
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Term
| Neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes are examples of __________. |
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Definition
| Leaukocytes (White blood cells) |
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| Monocytes and lymphocytes are examples of ___________ leukocytes. |
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Definition
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| An _______ is any molecule that is recognized as foreign by the immune system. |
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Definition
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| An _________ is a response to an antigen. |
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Definition
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| The skin, cuticle, inflammatory response, and phagocytosis are components of _________ immunity. |
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Definition
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| A nursing baby receives ___________ ____________ immunity via the breast milk. |
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Definition
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Term
| The enzyme found in tears that can digest bacterial cell walls is ___________. |
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Definition
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Term
| The exchange of gases between an organism and its enviornment is known as _______________. |
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Definition
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Term
| During ___________ the nose is not involved in removing oxygen from the air. |
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Definition
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Term
| The voice box is also referred to as the _____________. |
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Definition
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Term
| When drinking water at a party, you sneezed and water came out of your nose. This is because the _________ and ________ ___________ are connected. |
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Definition
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Term
| During swallowing, the ________ closes off the _________ so food cannot enter the lower airway. |
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Definition
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Term
| In the process of __________ waves of muscular contraction force food down the digestive tract. |
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Definition
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| The tongue, gallbladder, pancreas, and salivary glands are all part of the _______ system. |
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Definition
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Term
| __________ are teeth adapted primarily for tearing food. |
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Definition
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| Saliva moistens __________, is secreted by ________ pairs of salivary glands, dissolves food so it can be ___________, and starts the enzymatic difestion of __________. |
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Definition
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| Digestion of starches begins in the __________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Ammonia is a ___________ waste of animals. |
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Definition
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Term
| The main osmoregularoty and excretory organ in most vertebrates is the __________. |
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Definition
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Term
| The __________ connect the kidney to the bladder. |
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Definition
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Term
| The ____________ is shorter is males than females, which explains the greater likelihood of developing bladder infections in __________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Trace the flow of urine through the following structures: bladder, renal papilla, ureter, renal pelvis, urethra. |
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Definition
1. Renal Papilla
2. Renal Pelvis
3. Ureter
4. Bladder
5. Urethra |
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Term
| Hormones are chemical messengers transported by the _________ that have stimulatory or inhibitory effects. |
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Definition
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Term
| The products of an __________ gland generally have to travel to reach the target tissue. |
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Definition
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Term
| Why doesn't every cell in the body respond to every hormone? each cell has specific surface ___________, which interact only with the __________ they recognize. |
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Definition
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Term
| _________ glands secrete into the interstitial fluid, while __________ glands release secretions into ducts. |
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Definition
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Term
The ___________ prodcues glucagon,
the ________ produces oxytocin,
the __________________ produces melatonin,
the _______ _________ produces glucocoritoids,
the ________ __________ produces thyroxine. |
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Definition
| Pancreas, posterior pituitary, pineal gland, adrenal cortex, thyroid gland. |
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Term
| ___________ dispersion is the least frequent of the dispersal patterns seen in nature. |
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Definition
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Term
| Complete the following hierarchical organization within ecology: population ---> ______________ ---> ecosystem ---> _______________. |
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Definition
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Term
| _________ selection acts most directly on populations. |
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Definition
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Term
| A ___________ consists of organisms all of which share a common gene pool. |
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Definition
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Term
| __________ refers to the rate at which organisms produce offspring. |
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Definition
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Term
| Parasites are an example of a density- _________________ factor that influences the size of a population. |
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Definition
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| Density- ____________ factors are typically abiotic. |
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Definition
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| The world human population has increased dramatically during the past few centuries due to ________ death rates. |
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Definition
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Term
| The Earth's carrying capacity is _________. |
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Definition
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