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Final Exam Review CH 1
Chapter 1
22
Chemistry
Undergraduate 1
05/01/2014

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Term
Matter
Definition
Anything that has mass and takes up space
Term
Atoms
Definition
building blocks of matter
Term
Element
Definition
Made of the same kind of atom
Term
Compound
Definition
made of two or more different kinds of elements
Term
Heterogeneous mixture
Definition
not uniform throughout
Term
homogeneous
Definition
  • uniform throughout
  • if it has a variable composition then it is a homogeneous mixture
  • no variable composition=pure substance
    • if it can be separated into simpler substances= compound
    • if not=element
Term
Physical Properites
Definition
  • can be observed with out changing a substance into another substance
  • ex. boiling point, density, mass, volume
Term
chemical properties
Definition
  • can only be observed when a substance is changed into another substance
  • ex. flammability, corrosiveness, reavtivity with acid
Term
Intensive Properties
Definition
  • Independent of the amount of the substance that is present
  • ex. Density, boiling point, color
Term
Extensive properties
Definition
  • depend upon the amount of the substance present
  • ex. mass, volume, energy
Term
Physical Changes
Definition
  • changes in matter that do not change the composition of substance
  • ex. Changes of state, temp, volume etc
Term
Chemical Changes
Definition
  • changes resulting in a new substance
  • combustion, oxidation, decomposition
Term
filtration
Definition
solid substances are separated from liquids/solutions
Term
Distillation
Definition
uses difference in the boiling points of substance to separate a homogeneous mixture into its components
Term
chromatography
Definition
separates substances on the basis of difference solubility in a solvent
Term
  1. Giga,
  2. mega
  3. kilo
Definition
  1. 10^9
  2. 10^6
  3. 10^3
Term
  1. Deci,
  2. Centi,
  3. Millie,
Definition
  1. 10^-1
  2. 10^-2
  3. 10^-3

 

Term
  1. Micro
  2. Nano
  3. Pico
Definition
  1. 10^-6
  2. 10^-9
  3. 10^-12
Term
temperature conversion equation
Definition
  1. K=C+273.15
  2. F=9/5(C) + 32
  3. C=5/9(F-32)
Term
Significant figure  rules
Definition
  • when adding or subtracting, answers are rounded to the least sig decimal place
  • multiplying or dividing answers are rounded to the number of digits that corresponds to the least number of sigfigs used
Term
Accuracy
Definition
prosimity of a measurement ot the true value of a quantity
Term
precision
Definition
prosimity of several measurements to each other
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