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Definition
| the study of the characteristics of populations |
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| Density, Dispersion, distribution |
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| # per actual habital area |
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| spacial arragement of individuals in a population (Clumped, Uniform, Random) |
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| numerical summary of survival schedule and birth schedule |
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| Size of Pop. determination |
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| a group of individuals that all start at the same time |
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| graph that shows changes over life of organism |
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Definition
| Drop late in life (Humans) |
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Definition
| Steady decline (Squirells, songbirds) |
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Definition
| high infant death rate (Sea Turtles) |
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| clutch size, maturation age, # reproductions |
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| one reproduction (annuals) |
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| K, total # of individuals that environment can support |
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| resources, predators, nest sites, waste products |
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Definition
| for each species there is a minimum critical population size below which a population cannot grow |
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| reasons for allee affect (4) |
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Definition
| difficulty breeding (rhinos), large numbers to stimulate breeding (birds), inbreeding depression, large densities increase env. stress (birds/hawks) |
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Definition
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| r selected vs. k selected |
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Definition
| r is oppurtunistic (weeds) while k is equilibrium species (oaks) |
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| r selected enviro.mortality, lifespan, survivorship, clutch, parental care? |
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Definition
| disturbed, density independent, short, III, large, no |
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Term
| k selected enviro, mortality, lifespan, survivorship, clutch, parental care |
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Definition
| stable, density dependent, long, I, small, yes |
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| Density Dependent mechanisms |
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Definition
| as pop increases stress increases |
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Definition
| no relationship between density and deaths (weather) |
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| extrinsic density dependent |
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Definition
| competition, predation, parasitism, imm/emm |
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Term
| Principle of Competitive Exclusion |
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Definition
| Complete competitors cannot coexist |
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Definition
| urge to emmigrate, cannibalism, delayed maturity, inhibited lactation, shrinkage of sex organs, abortions |
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Definition
| a localized group of individuals that belong to the same biologival species |
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Definition
| a sybioti relationship in which one orfanism benefits but the other is neither helped nor harmed |
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Definition
| a behabior in which an animal defends a bounded phyical space against encroachment by other individuals |
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Definition
| the division of environmental resources by coexisting species such that the niche of each species differs by one or more significant factors from the niches of all coexisting species |
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Definition
| a symbitotic relationship in which the symbitn benefits at the expense of the host by licing either within the host or outside the host |
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Definition
| a symbiotic relationship in which both participants benefit |
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Definition
| an ecological relationship between organisms of two different speceis that live together in direct contact (mutualism, commenalism, parasitism, amensalism) |
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Definition
| physical place occupied by a species or organism |
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| the mutual ecolutionary influence between two different species interacting with each other and reciprocally influencing each others adaptations |
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Definition
| physical conditions (temp, humid, rainfall) |
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| role of organism in community |
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| more specific location (i.e. bark where beetle lives) |
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| climate w/ in microhabitat |
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| a symbiotic relationship where one organism is hurt while the other isn't affected |
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| an insect and especially a wasp that completes its larval development within the body of another insect eventually killing it and is free-living as an adult |
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Definition
| the concept that when populations of two similar species compete for the same limited resources, on population will use the resources more efficietly and have a reproductive advactafe that will eventually lead to the elimination of the other |
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| when one species eats another of the same species |
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| specific, multidimensional |
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| why is describing a niche impossible? |
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Definition
| must name all range of physical/chemical factors which make survival and reproduction possible, all interacting species, organisms behaivors |
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| niche where organism are found usually do to being forced out of another |
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| niche where organisms can theoretically be found if no competition |
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| place in niche where theres no competition |
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| natural selection will act more heavily on prey |
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| name of barnacles for extra credit |
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Definition
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Definition
| batesian, mullerian, aggresive |
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| model is poisonous, mimic not |
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| one species evolves to look like another i.e. snapping turtles "wormlike" tongue |
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| species that take hold outside of their natural range |
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Definition
| species that play very important role or nich |
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Definition
| having positive affects on the survival and reproduction of some of the other species in the community....pinetrees |
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Definition
| species that change thier environment i.e. beavers |
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Term
| primary/ secondary succession |
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Definition
| primary starts on something with no previous life, secondary is like after a fire |
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Definition
| suggest that most of the species in a community are associated tightly with particular other species in a web of life...affecting one species in a community affects another |
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Definition
| most of the species in a community are not tightley associated with one another and the web of life is very loose |
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| directional change...the orderly replacement of some species by others as a community develops |
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| advertising presence b/c they are so nasty |
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| change in population change over time |
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