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Final Exam Chapter 9, 10, 13
Health, Exercise, Pregnancy
45
Fitness
Undergraduate 2
12/05/2012

Additional Fitness Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Overweight
Definition
BMI 25 -29
Term
Underweight
Definition
BMI below 18.5
Term
Obesity
Definition
BMI 30 or higher
Term
Wasting
Definition
Progressive loss of body tissue
Term
Visceral Fat
Definition
Stored in abdominal cavity
Term
Central Obesity
Definition
Excess fat in abdomen/trunk
Term
Subcutaneous Fat
Definition
Stored directly under skin
Term
Body Mass Index
Definition
Calculated by dividing weight by square height
Term
Adipose Tissue
Definition
Body's fat tissue, synthesis and secretion of leptin
Term
Basal Metabolism
Definition
Total of involuntary activities necessary to sustain life
Term
Estimated Energy Requirement
Definition
DRI for energy intake, accounts for age, gender, weight, height & physical activity
Term
Hunger
Definition
Physiological need to eat
Term
Ghrelin
Definition
Hormone release by stomach that signals hypothalamus to stimulate eating
Term
Leptin
Definition
Appetite-suppressing hormone produced in fat cells
Term
Appetite
Definition
Psychological desire to eat
Term
Satiety
Definition
Perception of fullness between meals
Term
Ketone Bodies
Definition
Acidic compounds derived from fat and proteins, feed brain when too little carbs
Term
Weight Cycling
Definition
Repeated rounds of weight loss and gain, reduced ability to lose weight each time
Term
Physical Activity
Definition
Bodily movement produced by muscle contractions, increase energy expenditure
Term
Flexibility
Definition
Capacity of joints to move through full range of motion without injury
Term
Muscle Strength
Definition
Ability of muscles to work against resistance
Term
Cardiorespiratory endurance
Definition
Ability to perform dynamic exercise of high intensity for long periods of time
Term
Overload
Definition
Extra physical demand placed on body
Term
Hypertrophy
Definition
Increase in size in response to use
Term
Atrophy
Definition
Decrease in size because of disuse
Term
Aerobic
Definition
Requiring oxygen, strengthens heart and lungs by working harder to deliver oxygen
Term
Anaerobic
Definition
Not requiring oxygen, doesn't work heart or lungs very hard for long time
Term
Lactate
Definition
Compound produced during breakdown of glucose in anaerobic metabolism
Term
Low Birth Weight
Definition
Less than 5 1/2 lbs
Term
Placenta
Definition
Organ that connects fetus to uterus to provide nutrients, eliminate waste, exchange gas via mother's blood supply
Term
Gestation
Definition
Carrying a fetus
Term
Lactation
Definition
Secretion of milk from mammary glands
Term
Trimester
Definition
Division of pregnancy of 3-month sections
Term
Neural Tube Defect
Definition
Opening in spinal cord or brain that occurs very early in development
Term
Spina Bifida
Definition
Vertebrae overlying spinal cord or not fully formed and remain open
Term
Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC)
Definition
Federal assistance program for low-income pregnant women and children
Term
Listeriosis
Definition
Bacterial infection cause by listeria monocytogenes
Term
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
Definition
Caused by high alcohol consumption during pregnancy
Term
Gestational Diabetes
Definition
Women exhibit high blood glucose levels during pregnancy
Term
Preeclampsia
Definition
Hypertension rises in pregnancy, significant amounts of protein in urine
Term
Exclusive Breastfeeding
Definition
Infants receives only breast milk
Term
Alpha-lactalbumin
Definition
Protein increase production of lactose
Term
Lactoferrin
Definition
Found in breast milk, Strengthens immune system
Term
Colostrum
Definition
Produced before breast milk, contains protective antibodies and higher in protein
Term
Breastfeeding Benefits
Definition
Immune health, less diabetes & obesity, bonding, adult weight loss
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