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Final Exam Chapter 1, 2, 3
Basic Terms & Conditions
44
Health Care
Undergraduate 2
12/11/2012

Additional Health Care Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Enzyme
Definition
Protein that speed sup specific chemical reaction
Term
Hormone
Definition
Chemicals secreted by glands in blood for regulation, Messengers
Term
Essential Nutrient
Definition
Nutrient body can't make for itself, Obtained from food
Term
Phytochemical
Definition
Compounds in plant-derived foods
Term
Enriched Food
Definition
Nutrients were removed during processing and added back in
Term
Fortified Food
Definition
Added nutrients not found in those foods
Term
Dietary Adequacy
Definition
Foods provide enough of each essential nutrient, fiber & energy
Term
Diet Balance
Definition
Choices don't overemphasize one nutrient/food at expense of another
Term
ADA
Definition
American Dietetic Association, Asserts nutrition education should be part of curriculum for healthcare professions
Term
Dietitian
Definition
Person trained in nutrition, foo science & diet planning; Can obtain degree online
Term
Satiety
Definition
Feeling of fullness after meals
Term
Estimated Energy Requirement
Definition
Predicted to maintain energy balance in healthy adult of certain age, gender, weight, height, physical activity
Term
Exchange System
Definition
Diet planning tool that organizes foods based on nutrient content and calories
Term
USDA Food Guide
Definition
Provides general road map for designing healthful diet
Term
Serving Size
Definition
Amount of food for one serving and nutrients containing that portion
Term
Nutrients on a Label
Definition
10% or more of one nutrient considered good source
Term
Antioxidant
Definition
Prevents oxidation of cells
Term
Lymph
Definition
Fluid that moves from bloodstream into tissue spaces, then travels in its own vessels and back to bloodstream
Term
Extracellular Fluid
Definition
Fluid residing outside cells that transport materials to and from cells
Term
Intracellular Fluid
Definition
Fluid residing inside cells that provide medium for cellular reactions
Term
Insulin
Definition
Hormone from pancreas that helps glucose enter cells from blood
Term
Glucagon
Definition
Hormone from pancreas that stimulates liver to release glucose into bloodstream
Term
Microbes
Definition
Bacteria, viruses or organisms invisible to naked eye, Some cause diseases
Term
Antigen
Definition
Microbe/substance that is foreign to body
Term
Immune System
Definition
System of tissues & organs that defend body against antigens
Term
Antibodies
Definition
Proteins made by cells of immune system, Inactivate specific antigens
Term
Digestive System
Definition
Composed of organs that break down complex foods into smaller, absorbable products
Term
Peristalsis
Definition
Muscular squeezing of esophagus, stomach & small intestine, Pushes contents along
Term
Chyme
Definition
Fluid resulting from actions of stomach upon a meal
Term
Pyloric Valve
Definition
Muscle of stomach that regulates flow of partly digested food into small intestine
Term
Gastric Juice
Definition
Digestive secretion of stomach
Term
pH
Definition
Measure of acidity, 1=strong acid, 7=neutral, 14=strong base
Term
Mucus
Definition
Slippery coating of digestive tract lining, Protects cells from exposure to digestive juices
Term
Bile
Definition
Made by liver, Stored in gallbladder, Released in small investing, Emulsifies fats/oil
Term
Emulsifier
Definition
Compound with water-soluble & fat-soluble portions that attracts fats and oils in water
Term
Pancreatic Juice
Definition
Contains enzymes to digest carbs, fat & protein and sodium bicarbonate (neutralizer)
Term
Villi
Definition
Fingerlike projections of cells lining intestinal tract, Create larger surface area
Term
Ulcer
Definition
Erosion in layers of cells that form lining
Term
Hernia
Definition
Protrusion of organ through wall of body chamber that normally contains organ
Term
Heartburn
Definition
Burning sensation in chest caused by back flow of stomach acid into esophagus
Term
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Definition
Severe chronic splashing of stomach acid/enzymes into esophagus, throat, mouth or airways, Causes injury to organs
Term
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Definition
Disturbance of bowel function, Alternation diarrhea & constipation
Term
Glycogen
Definition
Storage from of carb energy (Glucose)
Term
Adipose Tissue
Definition
Body's fat tissue, Consisting of fat-storing cells & blood vessels to nourish them
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