Term
| What % of the worlds water is in oceans? |
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Definition
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Term
| What % of the worlds water is in groundwater? |
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Definition
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Term
| What % of the worlds water is in ice? |
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Definition
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Term
| What % of the worlds water is in all other water? |
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Definition
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Term
| What water sources make up 'all other water' (<0.05% of the worlds water)? |
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Definition
Lakes 60%
Soil moisture 33%
Atmosphere 6%
Rivers 1% |
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Term
| Plant tissue is what % water? |
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Definition
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Term
| One pound of biomass requires how many gallons of water? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Turgidity
Transpiration
Photosynthesis
Other chemical reactions
Nutrient movement
Root growth |
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Term
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Definition
| Turgidity is essential in plant cells to make them keep standing upright. Plant cells that lose much water have less turgor pressure, and tend to become flaccid. Further water loss eventually results in the wilting of the plant. |
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Term
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Definition
| The passage of water through a plant from the roots through the vascular system to the atmosphere. |
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Term
| What happens to plants when water is scarce? (water stress) |
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Definition
Plants wilt
Guard cells close stomata
Temporary wilting point
Chronic water stress
Permenant wilting point |
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Term
| What is chronic water stress? |
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Definition
| yellow leaves, loss of leaf turgor, curling leaves or scroched leaves, reduced growth |
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Term
| What happens to plants in excess of water? |
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Definition
Sympotoms similar to nutriend deficiencies
Fungal diseases, root decay
Reduced root respiration (low O)
Some plants may die in a few hours or days (tomato, red |
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Term
| 2 examples of plants adapted to wet conditions: |
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Definition
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Term
| How do you calculate gravimetric water content? (also called mass wetness) |
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Definition
| Moist weight - dry weight over dry weight times 100 |
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Term
| How do you calculate volumetric water content? (theta) |
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Definition
| volume water over total soil volume times 100 |
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Term
| Electronic methods of measuring soil water? |
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Definition
| Time Domain Reflectrometry (TDR)- electric means of finding soil moisture |
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Term
| What degree does H bonds have in water? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the implications of adhesion? |
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Definition
| Attraction to soil, xylem walls |
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Term
| What are the implications of cohesion? |
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Definition
| Attraction to other water |
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Term
| In soil, adhesion water is held.. |
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Definition
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Term
| In soil, cohesion water is... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What does the slope of capillary movement in sand look like when plotted on a graph? |
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Definition
| Reaches a plateau and flattens to a constant |
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Term
| What does the slope of capillary movement in loamy sand look like when plotted on a graph? |
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Definition
| Steadily rises, then slope goes negative |
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Term
| What does the slope of capillary movement in clay loam look like when plotted on a graph? |
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Definition
| Starts at 0, and has a constant slope that is far greater than sand or loamy sand |
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Term
| What is water potential when referring to soil water? |
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Definition
Potential energy of water relative to a unit volume of pure water
higher potential, more available to plant
lower potential, less available to plants |
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Term
| Water is attracted to soil particles, other water particles, and dissolved solutes, what does this do to water potential and how available is it to plants? |
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Definition
| Lowers water potential and makes it less available to plants |
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Term
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Definition
| Draws air/water out of soil, measured on a gauge |
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Term
| What is gravitational water? |
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Definition
| Water that drains out of pores quickly |
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Term
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Definition
| Water that is left after gravitational water is gone. It is also the water that is available to plants |
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Term
| What is hydroscopic water? |
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Definition
| Water that will evaporate or has evaporated |
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Term
| Which type of soil is preferred for growwing and why? |
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Definition
| Silt loam because it has the highest amount of available water |
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Term
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Definition
| Field capacity - wilting point |
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Term
| Water in soils move from? |
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Definition
Wet soil to dry soil,
higher water potential to lower water potential |
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Term
| Dry soil conditions favor? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some examples of increasing water capture? |
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Definition
Terraces,
contour tillage,
strip cropping |
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Term
| What are some examples of increasing water retention? |
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Definition
Aeration,
subsoiling,
conservation tillage,
mulching |
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