• Aztecs believed that they were living in a sun era created by the Gods
• Had to commit sacrafices for the Gods
• 5 directions North, South, West, East, Center
• Calendar Stone

• Built Tenochtitlan in the center of Lake Texcoco
• Magestic
• All life centered around city
• The Founding of Tenochtitlan, Codex Mendoza. 1545

• Educated East-Asian artists
• Attention to detail with an antique feel
• Establish Artist-viewer connection
• Painting in reaction to poetry
• Shen Zhou. Poet on a Mountaintop. Ming Dynasty. 1500.

• Temples were dedicated to Dieties
• Beautiful and extravagant as patronage
• Center of life
• Prayer
• Minakshi-Sundareshvara Temple. South India. 13th-17th Century

• Invented Mosque, Tomb
• Introduced Arch and dome
• Emporor Akbar Patron of the arts
• Akbarnama. 1600
• Taj Mahal. 1630

• Belief that all power lays in one ruler/ religion
• Baroque
• Rigaud. Louis XIV. 1700.

• 18th Century
• Philosophers questioned the values of institutions, customs, and morals
• Stood for democracy, freedom, reason
• A Mother's role
• Abolish the Monarch (Absolutism)
• Lebrun. Self Portrait with Julie. 1790.

• All knowledge is from experience
• Observed nature to learn about the universe
• Paintings Illustrate relationships between science and nature
• Joseph Wright of Derby. An Experiment on a Bird in the Air-Pump. 1770.

• Western Europeans discovered the Roman Ruins
• Guided educational tours to enhance culture
• Winckelmann wrote book about antiques

• Enlightenment
• Emphasis on the importance of family bonding
• Expressed through art (family portraiture)
• Lebrun. Portrait of Marie Antoinette with her Children. 1790.
• Antoinette wanted it to seem like she had a good relationship with her children (false)

• Techniques for Religious figures in Baroque period now applied to War Heros
• Benjamin West. The Death of General Wolfe. 1770.

• Decpiction of every day life in an Avant-Garde way
• Real (lower class) people become heros in art
• Artists flatten space to make it seem more real
• Courbet. The Stone Breakers. 1850.

• Haussmann reorganized the city to be beautiful and clean.
• The Opera House
• The Eiffel Tower

• One who strolls
• Man of the crowd
• Power of observation
• Caillebotte. Paris Street, Rainy Day. 1880.

• 19th Century French and English Artists
• Painted scenes of China, Japan, India, and Middle East
• False Concept of East v West (West percieved as being better)
• Jean-Leon Gerome. The Snake Charmer. 1870.

• Artists depiction of traditional cultures
• Nature of the primitive
• Gaugin. Manao Tupapau. 1890.

• London showcase of Britain's technology
• Paxton. The Crystal Palace. 1850.
• "Container for the world"

• Five Masks in Performance. 1985
• Masks are part of community and spiritual life
• Symbolize rights of passage

• Use of machines in art
• Associated with sex, masculinity, and feminism
• Liberating force
• Picasso. Les Demoiselles d'Avignon. 1910.

• Art before WWII
• Used art as a medium to depict a message
• Revolution
• Root for Cubism, Modernism
• El Lissitzky. Beat the Whites with the Red Wedge. 1920.

• Analytic: Relationship between nature and reality
• Picasso. Les Demoiselles d'Avignon. 1910
• Synthetic: Creates art from unrelated everyday objects
• Picasso. Glass and Bottle of Suze. 1910

Bring art into the community

Combination of sculpture, paint, and performance art

• Art made out of found objects.
• Ironic
• Duchamp. Bicycle Wheel. 1914.

Her self portraits were emotional, real, in your face

Influential female artists

Frida Kahlo. The Two Fridas. 1940.

Nuremberg Map of Tenochtitlan and the Gulf Coast. 1525. Mexico.

Akbar Inspecting the Construction of Fatehpur. Sikri. 1600. India.

Mughal Art

Taj Mahal. 1630. Mughal Period.

Mughal Art

Sen no Rikyu. Taian Tearoom. 1580. Momoyama Period. Japan.

Hon'ami Koetsu. Tea Bowl, called Mount Fugi. 17th Century. East-Asia.

Rigaud. Louis XIV. 1700. France.

Absoloutism

Lebrun. Self Portrait with Julie. 1790. Europe. Enlightenment.

Images of the family (18th Century)

Lebrun. Portrait of Marie Antoinette with her Children. 1790. Europe. Enlightenment.

Images of the family (18th Century)

Benjamin West. The Death of General Wolfe. 1770. Europe.

Romantic Hero

Goya. Third of May, 1808. 1815. Europe.

Romantic Hero

David. Napoleon Crossing the Saint Bernard. 1800. Europe.

Romantic Hero

Gericault. The Raft of the "Medusa". 1818.

Romantic Hero

Caillebotte. Paris Street, Rainy Day. 1880.

Flaneur

Monet. Boulevard des Capucines. 1875.

Flaneur

Paxton. The Crystal Palace. 1850. England.

The Great Exhibition of 1851

Edward S. Curtis. Hamatsa Dancers, Kwakwaka'Wakw. 1915. North America.

Total Art

Interpreting Art in Context (Ritual)

Willie Seawees. Kwakwaka'Wakw Bird Mask. 1950. North America.

Total Art

Interpreting Art in Context (Ritual)

Yoruba Twin Figures. 20th Century. Nigeria.

Interpreting Art in Context (Ritual)