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Definition
| the scientific study of human society and human behavior |
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Term
| hunting and gathering societies |
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Definition
*oldest type
*men hunt, women pick berries
*major unit is family
*nomadic
*small groups
*shaman
*primary and mechanical |
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| an approach to understanding human behavior by placing it within broader social context. Developed by c wright mills |
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Definition
| MARX-society is composed of groups competing for scarce resources |
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Definition
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Definition
an examination of large scale patterns of society
functional theory or conflict theory |
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Definition
| lifelong process of social interaction through which individuals acquire a self-identity and the physical, mental, and social skills, needed for survival in society |
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Definition
| mediates between id and superego. tries to balance everything out. wants normalness |
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Term
| functional theory/perspective |
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Definition
| a theoretical framework in which society is viewed as a system of highly interrelated parts that function together to contribute to societys equilibrium |
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Definition
| occurs when incompatible demands are built into a single status that person occupies. sexual orientation, age, and occupation are frequetly associated with this. |
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Definition
| the framework that surrounds us, consisting of the relationships of people and groups to one another, which gives direction and sets limits on human behavior |
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| people give up on societies goals but still adhere to the socially approved means for achieving these goals..nurses who no longer care for what they are doing |
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| three theoretical perspectives used in sociology to view society |
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Definition
function theory/framework
conflict theory
they symbolic interaction theory |
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Definition
| unconscious part of our personality |
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Definition
| the conscience(right vs. wrong) |
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Definition
| an examination of small scale patterns of society |
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Definition
| behaviors, obligations, and privileges attached to a status |
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Definition
| occurs when incompatible role demands are placed on a person by two or more statuses held at the same time |
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Definition
| the process by which members of subordinate racial and ethnic groups become absorbed into the dominant culture |
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Definition
| occurs when people disengage from social roles that have been central to their self-identity |
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Term
| horticultural and pastoral societies |
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Definition
large groups (1500-5000)
more division of labor
secondary and organic |
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Term
| symbolic interaction theory |
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Definition
| a framework for building theory that sees society as the product of the every day interactions |
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Definition
| the invisible institutional barrier constructed by male management that prevents women from reaching top positions in major corporations and other large scale organizations |
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Definition
| keeps the group moving toward its goal |
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Definition
| focuses on the collective well-being of the group. tries to raise moral and minimize conflict |
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Term
| mechanisms of social control |
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Definition
| it operates on the individual even in absence of reactions by others. people begin to pass judgement on their own actions |
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Term
| 4 ways to adapt to strain theory |
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Definition
innovators
ritualist
retreatist
rebels |
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Definition
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| use unconventional means to achieve a culturally approved goal...drugs |
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| people who pull back from society all together and cease to pursue societies goals...alcoholics and homeless |
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Definition
| all the statuses or positions that an individual occupies |
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Term
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Definition
| reject both the cultural definition of success and the means of achieving this success. they advocate an alternative set of goals and means of achieving these goals...militia or cults |
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Term
| differential association theory |
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Definition
| greater tendency to deviate if you have friends who deviate |
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Term
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Definition
| people feel a strain when they are exposed to conventional/cultural goals but they dont have access to conventional/legitimate means of achieving this goal |
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Definition
| makes a point to include everyone in the decision-making process |
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Term
| three main categories of the criminal justice system |
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Definition
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Definition
| allows the group to function more or less on its own-least effective |
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Definition
| individual's beliefs and actions that are rooted in anti-female prejudice and stereotypic beliefs |
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Term
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Definition
| men who enter female-dominated occupations are apt to find little difficulty in rising to the top of their occupation |
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