Term
| According to Piaget, one limitation of concrete operational thought is that it is not yet |
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Definition
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Term
| Research indicates that easy access to contraceptives for teenagers results in |
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Definition
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Term
| According to Erikson, the major personality achievement during adolescence is |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following is supported by research about obesity in children? |
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Definition
| Overweight children tend to have overweight parents. |
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Term
| Although Kohlberg proposes six stages of moral development, |
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Definition
| most people never move beyond Stage 4. |
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Term
| Angelina is so worried about being overweight that she has nearly stopped eating. The result is that she is literally starving herself to death. Angelina has |
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Definition
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Term
| In preparing for a competition, 12-year-old Robi tries to think of all possible factors that might affect the distance that his remote-controlled car can jump off a ramp. He lists them and then tests them in an orderly fashion. In Piaget's terms, Robi is using |
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Definition
| hypothetico-deductive reasoning. |
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Term
| Seven-year-old Ashley realizes that her brother remains a boy even when he dresses up as a bride for Halloween. This example demonstrates that Ashley has acquired the concept of gender |
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Definition
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Term
| Martine has just been shown two boxes-a plain, unmarked box full of crayons and a familiar Crayola box that is empty. Next, Martine is asked to predict where another child will look for the crayons. This task assesses Martine's understanding of |
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Definition
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Term
| In response to the Heinz dilemma, Juanita explains, "He shouldn't steal it, because if he does he could go to jail." She is at which of Kohlberg's stages of moral development? |
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Definition
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Term
| During the past three decades, |
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Definition
| the number of asthma-related deaths has risen. |
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Term
| The Kareninas have just divorced. They have two sons, 5 and 10 years old. Which of these following behaviors is most likely to be displayed by the 5-year- old? |
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Definition
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Term
| That logical operations develop gradually poses a serious challenge to Piaget's |
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Definition
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Term
| Research on child sexual abuse indicates that |
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Definition
| the abuser is most often a parent or someone the parent knows well. |
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Term
| By age 6, the brain has reached __________ percent of its adult weight. |
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Definition
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Term
| Research on sex differences in motor skills during middle childhood indicates that |
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Definition
| girls outperform boys on skills that depend on agility and balance. |
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Term
| A secular trend in the timing of puberty is a tendency for |
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Definition
| girls to mature earlier than their mothers. |
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Term
| Teenagers Zia and Helena love to play word games, where they evaluate the logical validity of statements ("Most zups like to eat crups. Mup is a zup. Does Mup like to eat crups?"). They are able to do this without any reference to real- world circumstances. The girls are demonstrating |
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Definition
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Term
| Compared with typically-developing children, children with autism |
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Definition
| have a deficient theory of mind. |
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Term
| Riley is impulsive, disobedient, and rebellious. He is also demanding and dependent on adults. His parents are most likely to fit which of the following child rearing styles? |
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Definition
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Term
| Sarah, a 3-year-old, says that Song Li is her best friend. From this you can best draw the conclusion that these two girls |
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Definition
| share toys and enjoy playing together. |
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Term
| Which of the following is supported by research on the development of motor skills in early childhood? |
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Definition
| Girls are ahead of boys in fine motor skills. |
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Term
| Research on body weight shows that |
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Definition
| diabetes is rising rapidly among overweight children. |
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Term
| Which of the following factors are believed to contribute to the widening gender gap in college enrollments? (There are currently more female undergraduates - 58% - enrolled than males; and this gap is increasing.) |
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Definition
| girls' advantages in reading and writing achievement |
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Term
| Which of the following statements is true? |
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Definition
| Girls reach puberty an average of 2 years earlier than boys do. |
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Term
Two-year-old Calvin says, "My cup falled," when his cup fell off of the table. The
grammatical error in Calvin's sentence is known as an |
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Definition
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Term
Two-year-old Calvin says, "My cup falled," when his cup fell off of the table. The
grammatical error in Calvin's sentence is known as an |
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Definition
| promotes maturity and adjustment in children of diverse temperaments. |
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Term
When Darren's classmates are asked to rate each other's likability, he received
almost no votes, neither positive nor negative. He would be classified as |
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Definition
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Term
| Five-year-old Daniel and 4-year-old Alex like to pretend that they are racecar drivers. Often, Daniel will act out driving in a race and Alex will pretend to be his pit crew. This is an example of |
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Definition
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Term
Barbara's class had a bake sale, and she is in charge of distributing the profits.
She thinks that the money a child makes should be a direct proportion to how
much the child baked, with no exceptions. Barbara thinks of fairness in terms of |
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Definition
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Term
| According to Vygotsky, private speech during the preschool years |
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Definition
| helps young children guide their behavior during challenging tasks. |
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Term
| According to Erikson, the psychological conflict of middle childhood is |
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Definition
| industry versus inferiority. |
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Term
Eight-year-olds Mariana and Anna Claire are best friends. When asked, they
will probably say that __________ is the most important part of their friendship. |
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Definition
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Term
Four-year-old Sushil is participating in Piaget's three-mountains problem. When
Sushil is asked to pick the picture that shows what the display looks like from the
doll's perspective, he will most likely |
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Definition
| pick the picture that shows his own point of view |
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Term
| The most common psychological problem of adolescence is |
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Definition
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Term
| The most common psychological problem of adolescence is |
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Definition
| victims generally deny that any problem exist |
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Term
| Studies of IQ correlations among kinship pairs indicate that |
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Definition
| correlations for identical twins are higher than for fraternal twins. |
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Term
During the years from third grade to sixth grade, boys' identification with the
masculine gender role __________ and girls' identification with the feminine
gender role __________. |
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Definition
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Term
Three-year-old Gwen explains that her bicycle is sad because it is alone in the
garage. Gwen is demonstrating |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following groups has the highest absolute number of suicides.? |
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Definition
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Term
According to Piaget, the most likely reason that a 4-year-old cannot solve a
conservation-of-liquid problem is that |
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Definition
the child's attention is captured by the height of the water and she finds it
difficult to also consider the widths of the glasses. |
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Term
During middle childhood, children need approximately how many calories a
day? |
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Definition
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Term
| Critics of Vygotsky's theory argue that his theory |
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Definition
| overemphasizes the role of verbal dialogues. |
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Term
All of the adolescent girls below are the same age. Who will probably be the first
to reach menarche? |
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Definition
| Brooke, who is overweight |
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Term
| Research into the causes of homosexuality has found evidence for the influence of |
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Definition
| a gene or group of genes on the X chromosome. |
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Term
Which of the following is a game that a 4-year-old would likely have enough
motor skills to play? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is considered the greatest risk to the health and well-being of a preschoolage child |
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Definition
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Term
Twelve-year-old Sam believes that he is a pretty good soccer player, but not as
good in chorus. This is an aspect of Sam's |
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Definition
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Term
| Middle-school-age boys typically have all of the following except |
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Definition
| two or more "best friends" who are of relatively equal status. |
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Term
"Brains," "jocks," "preppies," and "partyers" are typical examples of high
schoo |
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Definition
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