Shared Flashcard Set

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Final Exam
N/A
53
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
12/04/2010

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
ethnicity
Definition
a socially defined category based on common language religion nationality history or another cultural factor
Term
sex
Definition
Male or Female
Term
gender
Definition
physical, behavioral, & personality traits that a group considers normal for its male/female members
Term
human sexual dimorphism
Definition
inherent physical differences define distinctions between the two sexes
Term
essentialists
Definition
believe gender roles have a genetic or biological origin & cannot be changed
Term
gender identity
Definition
roles & traits that a social group assigns to a particular gender
Term
constructionists
Definition
those who believe that notions of gender are socially determined
Term
patriarchy
Definition
"rule of the father"; male dominated society
Term
instrumental role
Definition

Family member that:

-provides material support

&

-is often authority figure

Term
expressive role
Definition

Family member that:

-provides emotional support

&

-nurturing

Term
transgendered
Definition
individual whose sense of gender identity is at odds with her or his physical sex but who has not necessarily sought sex-reassignment surgery
Term
gender role socialization
Definition
lifelong process of learning to be masculine or feminine, primarily through 4 agents of socialization; families, schools, peers, & the media
Term
social learning
Definition
process of learning behaviors & meanings through social interaction
Term
feminization of poverty
Definition
economic trend showing that women are more likely than men to live in poverty
Term
second shift
Definition
unpaid housework & childcare often expected of women after they complete their day's paid labor
Term
feminism
Definition
belief in social, political, & economic equality of the sexes
Term
first wave
Definition
earliest period of feminist activism.
Term
suffrage movement
Definition
organized around gaining voting rights for women
Term
second wave
Definition

period of feminist activity during 60's & 70's

-issues of women's equal access to employment & education

Term
third wave
Definition

most recent period of feminist activity

-issues of diversity & the variety of identities women can possess

Term
male liberationism
Definition
movement that originated in the 70's to discuss the challenges of masculinity
Term
men's rights movement
Definition
members believe that feminism promotes discrimination against men
Term
pro-feminist men's movement
Definition
members support feminism & believe that sexism harms both men & women
Term
sexual orientation
Definition
to feel sexual desire toward people of a particular gender or toward both genders
Term
homosexuality
Definition
tendency to feel sexual desire toward members of one's own gender
Term
civil unions
Definition
alternative to gay marriage; form of legally recognized commitment that provides gay couple some of the benefits of marriage
Term
bisexuals
Definition
individuals who are sexually attracted to both genders
Term
asexual
Definition
person who has no interest in or desire for sex
Term
queer theory
Definition
social theory about gender identity & sexuality that emphasizes the importance of difference
Term
homophobia
Definition
fear of homosexuals or toward individuals who display purportedly gender-inappropriate behavior
Term
symbolic ethnicity
Definition
ethnic identity that is only relevant on specific occasions.
Term
race
Definition
a socially defined category based on real or perceived by biological differences between groups of people
Term
situational ethnicity
Definition
ethnic identity that can neither be displayed or concealed depending on its usefulness in a given situation
Term
minority group
Definition
members of a social group that is systematically denied the same access to power resources available to society's dominant groups but are not necessarily fewer than number..just denied more
Term
racism
Definition
a set of beliefs about the superiority of one racial or ethnic group (racism presumes that one group is better than another)
Term
prejudice
Definition
literally a prejudgment but its an idea of the characteristics of a group that is applied to all members of a group (all Irish are drunks)
Term
discrimination
Definition
unequal treatment of individuals because of their membership in a certain racial or ethnic group
Term
individual discrimination
Definition
discrimination carried out by one person against another
Term
institutional discrimination
Definition
discrimination carried out systematically by institutions that affect all members of a group who come in contact with it (governments, schools, or banks)
Term
passing
Definition
presenting yourself as a different racial group than the one you were born into (Sammi Sosa)
Term
structural functionalism
Definition
racial & ethnic differences is a necessary part of society even racial inequalities has functions that help maintain equality
Term
conflict theory
Definition
racial and ethnic differences create intergroup conflict and minority and majority groups have diff. interest and may find themselves at odds as they attempt to protect them
Term
symbolic interactionism
Definition
race & ethnicity are part of our presentation of self
Term
embodied identity
Definition
those elements of identity that are generated through others perceptions of our physical traits. (way we are perceived in physical world)
Term
genocide
Definition
mass killing of one race
Term
population transfer
Definition
the forcible removal of a group of people from a territory they have occupied (Trail of Tears)
Term
internal colonialism
Definition
the economic and political domination and subjugation of the minority group by the controlling group within a nation
Term
segregation
Definition
the formal and legal separation of groups by race or ethnicity
Term
assimilation
Definition
a pattern of relation between ethnic groups in which minority group is absorbed into dominant group making society more homogeneous
Term
racial assimilation
Definition
process by which racial minority groups are absorbed through dominate group through marriage
Term
cultural assimilation
Definition
the process by which racial or ethnic groups are absorbed into dominant group by adopting dominant groups culture
Term
pluralism
Definition
a cultural pattern of intergroup relations that encourages racial and ethnic variation within society (not only permits racial and ethnic variation within ones society, it actually encourages people to embrace diversity)
Term
intersexed or hermaphroditic
Definition
describe person whose chromosomes or sex characteristics are neither exclusively female or male
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