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| The self-examination for one's own emotional and mental processes |
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| What is the definition of contemporary psychology |
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Definition
| behavior and mental processes |
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| What was William Wundt studying in his experiment |
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Definition
| reactions to sensory stimulation |
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| Who was William James and what did he do? |
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| American philosopher who authored a textbook in 1890 for the emerging discipline of psychology |
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| student of William James and the first female president of the American Psychological Association |
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| Which historical psychological figure used introspection as a research tool |
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| Behaviorists dismissed the value of what discipline |
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| What type of scientist was Sigmund Freud before he became famous in psychology |
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| What is the neuroscience perspective |
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| What is the psychodynamic perspective |
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Definition
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| What is the behavioral perspective |
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Definition
| how we learn observable responses |
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| What do the various theoretical perspective have in common |
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Definition
| often complement one another |
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| What is social psychology |
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Definition
| The branch of human psychology that deals with the behavior of groups and the influence of social factors on the individual. |
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| . What is industrial/organizational psychology |
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Definition
| The branch of applied psychology that is concerned with efficient management of an industrial labor force and especially with problems encountered by workers in a mechanized environment. |
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| What is a clinical psychologist |
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Definition
| Branch of psychology concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders. |
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| prediction that gives direction to research |
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| . Who conducted the first experimental studies of associate learning |
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Definition
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| . In what field of study in psychology was John B. Watson associated |
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| In Pavlov's experiment, what was the UCS |
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Definition
| the presentation of food in the dog's mouth |
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| What was the UCR in Pavlov experiment |
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Definition
| dog's salivation triggered by the taste of food |
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Definition
| Toddlers taught to fear speeding cars may also begin to fear speeding trucks and motorcycles |
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| What is the basic theory of operant conditioning |
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Definition
| behavior said to be influenced by its consequences |
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Definition
| An event that increases the frequency of the behavior that it follows |
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| What is a fixed interval schedule |
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Definition
| specified time period has elapsed |
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Definition
| An aversive consequence that decreases the recurrence of the behavior that precedes it |
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| What is observational learning |
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Definition
| Our ability to learn by witnessing and imitating the behavior of others |
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Definition
| getting information into memory |
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Definition
| The process of getting information out of memory storage |
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| What is short-term memory |
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Definition
| Your consciously activated but limited capacity memory |
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| What does automatic and effortful processing involve |
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Definition
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Definition
| The conscious repetition of information in order to maintain it in memory |
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| What is a mnemonic device |
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Definition
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| What method did ancient Greeks use to memorize speeches |
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| essentially unlimited storage capacity |
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| What are memories primed by |
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Definition
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| methodical step by step procedure for solving problems |
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| inability to take a new perspective on a problem |
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| What is functional fixedness |
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Definition
| tendency to think of objects only in terms of their normal uses |
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Definition
| well-established bias in which someone's subjective confidence in their judgments is reliably greater than their objective accuracy, especially when confidence is relatively high |
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Definition
| earliest stage of speech development |
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| What is Spearman g factor |
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Definition
| a general intelligence that underlies success on a wide variety of tasks |
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| What is emotional intelligence |
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Definition
| ability to control one's impulses and delay immediate pleasures in pursuit of long-term goals |
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| What is the WAIS- what are the subtests |
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Definition
| Object assembly, picture arrangement, and block design |
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Definition
| mentally retarded due to neglect during infancy, extra chromosome in ones genetic makeup |
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| A a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior |
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| A complex behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species and is unlearned |
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| . Review Maslow's hierarchy of human motives. |
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Definition
| Physiological, safety, belongingness and love, esteem, self-actualizatiion |
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Definition
| Point at which an individual weight thermostat is supposedly set. Body falls below this weight an increase in hunger and a lowered metabolic rate may act. |
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Term
| . What is anorexia nervosa |
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Definition
| Eating disorder in which a normal-weight person diets and becomes significantly underweight. |
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Term
| What is testosterone and estrogen |
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Definition
| How do they affect sexual receptivity? Estrogen-sex hormone secreted in greater amounts by females than by males, peak during ovulation promoting sexual receptivity. Testosterone-most important of the male sex hormones both males and females have it but the additional testosterone in males stimulates the growth of the male sex organs in the fetus and the development of the male sex |
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| Teens delay becoming sexually active if what happens |
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Definition
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Term
| Who are evolutionary psychologists and what is their theory |
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Definition
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Term
| What physiological reactions are caused by the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems? |
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Definition
| Sympathetic directs adrenal glands atop kidney to release the stress hormone epinephrine and norepinephrine. Parasympathetic calms the body, stops chemicals and slowly lower arousal |
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Term
| What parts of the body are involved in the universally understandable language of human emotion? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the feel-good, do-good phenomenon? |
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Definition
| People tendency to be helpful when already in a good mood |
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Term
| What is the function of the adrenal gland |
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Definition
| ? sponsible for releasing hormones in conjunction with stress through the synthesis of corticosteroids and catecholamines |
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Term
| What did Friedman and Rosenman study What were their conclusions? |
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Definition
| More stress= more prone to heart disease. |
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Term
| What has aerobic exercise been linked to? |
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Definition
| Manage stress, reduce depression |
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Term
| What is free association? |
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Definition
| In psychoanalysis a method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relaxes and says whatever comes to mind, no mater how trivial or ebarrassing |
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Term
| What are the id, ego and superego? |
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Definition
| Id-contains a reservoir of unconscious psychic energy that, strives to satisfy basic sexual and aggressive drives, ego-the largelty conscious executive part of personality that mediates among the demands of the id, superego, and reality, superego-personality that represents internalized ideals and provides standarsds for judgment. |
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Term
| What are projective tests? |
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Definition
| Personality test, provides ambiguous stimuli designed to trigger projection of ones inner dynamics. |
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Term
| What is Carl Rogers' theory? Review it and know the basic ideas. |
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Definition
| People nurture our growth by being genuine, accepting, empathic. Genuine-open with their own feeling, accepting-offering us unconditional positive regard an attitude of total acceptance toward another person. Empathic-sharing and mirroring our feelings and reflecting our meanings. |
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Definition
| Characteristic pattern of behavior or a disposition to feel and act, self report inventories and peer reports. |
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| . Review the Big Five trait theory |
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Definition
| CANOE, conscientiousness, agreeableness, neuroticism, openness, extraversion. |
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Term
| . What man is associated with the social-cognitive perspective |
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Definition
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Term
| What is external and internal locus of control? |
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Definition
| External-the perception that chance or outside forces beyond ones personal control determine ones fate, internal-the perception that one controls ones own fate. |
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Term
| What is learned helplessness? |
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Definition
| Hopelessness and passive resignation n animal or human learns when unable to avoid repeated aversive events. |
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Term
| What is the best indicator of a person's level of optimism? |
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Definition
| Measure of how helpless or effective you feel |
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Term
| What is the spotlight effect? |
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Definition
| Overestimating others noticing and evaluating our appearance performance and blunders, like spotlight on us |
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Term
| What is the self-serving bias? |
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Definition
| A readiness to perceive oneself favorably |
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Term
| What is the theory behind the medical model and mental illness? |
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Definition
| Concept that diseases, have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated and cured with treatment in a hospital. |
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Term
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Definition
| American psychiatric association diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder fourth edition- widely used system for classifying psychological disorders. |
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Term
| What is a fundamental problem with diagnostic labeling? |
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Definition
| View that person differently when we label them |
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Term
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Definition
| s a condition in which memory is disturbed or lost |
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Term
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Definition
| long-lasting enhancement in signal transmission between two neurons that results from stimulating them synchronously |
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Term
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Definition
| heoretical concept used to describe a significant memory, usually of a traumatic nature, that has become unavailable for recall |
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Term
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Definition
| When we encode a memory, we not only record the visual and other sensory data, we also store our mood and emotional state. |
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Term
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Definition
| one of the cognitive biases, describes that presenting the same option in different formats can alter people's decisions. |
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Term
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Definition
| tendency for people to prefer information that confirms their preconceptions or hypotheses, independently of whether they are true. |
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Term
| belief perseverance phenomemon |
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Definition
| tendency to hold to our beliefs all the more in the face of evidence to the contrary |
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Term
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Definition
| rule of thumb wherein people judge the probability or frequency of a hypothesis by considering how much the hypothesis resembles available data as opposed to using a Bayesian calculation, judging the likelihood of things in terms of how well they seem to represent, particular prototypes, may lead one to ignore other relevant info |
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Term
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Definition
| people predict the frequency of an event, or a proportion within a population, based on how easily an example can be brought to mind. |
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Definition
| test designed to predict a persons future performance |
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Term
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Definition
| test designed to assess what a person has learned |
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Term
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Definition
| roperty of a system, either open or closed, that regulates its internal environment and tends to maintain a stable, constant condition |
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Definition
| he amount of time it takes for an excitable membrane to be ready for a second stimulus once it returns to its resting state following excitation in the areas of biology, physiology, and cardiology. |
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Definition
| positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates a behavior. |
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Definition
| neurotransmitter in both the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and central nervous system (CNS) in many organisms including humans |
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Term
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Definition
| adrenaline, is a hormone and neurotransmitter.[1] When produced in the body it increases heart rate, contracts blood vessels and dilates air passages and participates in the fight-or-flight response of the sympathetic nervous system. |
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Term
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Definition
| steroid hormone from the androgen group. In mammals, testosterone is primarily secreted in the testes of males and the ovaries of females, although small amounts are also secreted by the adrenal glands |
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Definition
| hormone that is central to regulating the energy and glucose metabolism in the body |
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Definition
| the state in which an individual becomes obsessed with an attachment to another human, an animal, or an inanimate object |
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Definition
| thoughts which are unconscious at the particular moment in question, but which are not repressed and are therefore available for recall and easily capable of becoming conscious |
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Definition
| unconscious act of denial of a person's own attributes, thoughts, and emotions, which are then ascribed to the outside world, such as to the weather, the government, a tool, or to other people. Thus, it involves imagining or projecting that others have those feelings. |
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Definition
| unconscious defense mechanism whereby the mind redirects affects from an object felt to be dangerous or unacceptable to an object felt to be safe or acceptable.[1] For instance, some people punch cushions when they are angry at friends; a college student may snap at his or her roommate when upset about an exam grade. |
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Definition
| efensive reaction to some unaccepted impulses |
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Definition
| defensive process (defense mechanism) in which anxiety-producing or unacceptable emotions and impulses are mastered by exaggeration (hypertrophy) of the directly opposing tendency |
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