Term
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Definition
-Made of regolith and parent material from bedrock
-Consists of different horizons
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Term
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Definition
-Surface horizon of organic residues from dead plants and animals in varying stages of decomposition
-Color is dark in shades of gray and brown |
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Term
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Definition
-The uppermost horizon composed of minerals; can be the surface horizon.
-Contains decomposed organic matter, especially in wetter climates.
-Which darkens this horizon compared to lower horizons
-Readiliy dissolved minerals are less abundant than in lower horizons |
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Term
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Definition
| Light-colored horizon lacking clay, organic matter and easily weathered minerals |
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Term
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Definition
THe horizon of maximum accumulation of clay minerals, and iron and aluminum oxide and hydroxide minerals
-In dry climates, calcite may accumulate in this horizon, too.
-Compaction and shrinking and swelling of clay minerals leads to aggregates of soil minerals into clods.
-Iron and aluminum oxides and hydroxides typically impart shades of yello, orange or red.
Depending on mineral ype and abundance.
-Calcite forms whte nodules and layers |
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Term
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Definition
| The regolith below A and B horizons that exhibits little if any evidenc of weathering; commonly the parent material for the soil. THe color of this horizon is determined by teh colors fo the original minerals; oxidation may produce pale yellow and orange coloration |
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Term
| Soil horizons are distinct because.... |
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Definition
| of differences in organic matter and mineral content |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| A horizons also show evidence of... |
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Definition
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| The E horizon (when present) lacks... |
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Definition
| organics and many soluble minerals |
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Term
| The B horizon is notable for... |
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Definition
| additions aof oxides and hydroxide minerals and clays |
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Term
| Calcite is present where? |
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Definition
| In arid-region B horizons |
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Term
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Definition
| weakly weathered, unconsolidated regolith below B |
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Term
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Definition
| Decomposing organic matter |
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Term
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Definition
| Mixture of weathered mineral grains and organic matter |
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Term
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Definition
| Maximum dissolution and physical removal of mineral grains and organic matter |
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Term
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Definition
| Accumulation of clay minerals, Fe and Al oxide/hydroxide minerals and calcie. Accumulation occurs by combination of physical transport from upper horizons, precipitation from water infiltrating from upper horizons and in place weathering transformation |
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Term
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Definition
| Unweahtered or slightly weathered parent material |
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Term
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Definition
| Calchite collecting in desert soil over time forms a cement, turning the B horizon sil into a rock called "caliche" |
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