Term
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Definition
| a group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area |
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Term
| What is Density in association to population? |
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Definition
number of individuals per area determined by resources (food, water) and Limiting Agents (disease, parasites) |
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Term
| What is Dispersion in association with population? |
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Definition
| patterns of spacings of animals in a given area |
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Term
| What are the types of Dispersion? |
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Definition
Clumped Dispersion - individuals are aggregated in patches (most common). results from unequal distribution of resources, mating or other social behavior Uniform Dispersion - individuals are evenly spaced. often results from repulsion. Random Dispersion - (least common) no pattern seen. this is a "null model" which is what we expect to see if no special forces are acting upon it |
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Term
| What is structure in association with Population? |
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Definition
| The make-up of individuals in the population |
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Term
| What is sex ratio and what are the types? |
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Definition
number of males and females in a population primary sex ratio - conception secondary sex ratio - brith/hatching tertiary sex ratio - later stage in life ratio becomes more skewed as you go down the levels |
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Term
| Why is the tertiary sex ratio level skewed? |
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Definition
Because of... Reproduction-related stress (sea lions competing for females) Dispersal - leaving of nest (inreases risk of predation) Dominance Status Larger males have higher energetic requirements |
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Term
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Definition
Percentage of individuals in different age or age groups in the population age structure diagrams can be used to predict future populations |
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Term
| What is Rates in association with Population? |
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Definition
the growth or decline rate of a population |
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Term
What are the other different rates? What is Generation time? |
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Definition
Brith rate - number of births/population Death rate - number of deaths/population Fecundity/Fertility rate - number of offsprings/timer Generation time - time period from birth of individuals to birth of their offsprings |
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Term
| What are suvivorship curves? |
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Definition
A way to visualize survivorship Type I - most individuals that are borth survive through its entire lifespan Type II - Any individual has the equal chance of dying at anytime Type III - most individuals don't survive their births, but if they do, they live throughout their entire life |
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Term
| What are life history traits? |
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Definition
collection of traits related to growth, reproduction, pertental investment, and life span or... A collection of traits that allow an individual to get its genes into the next generation |
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Term
| Difference betwewen K and R strategist |
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Definition
K strategist - "slow and study win the race", slowwer population growth compared to R strategist R strategist - live fast, die young and have lots of offspring |
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Term
| What are characteristics and life history traits of R strategist? |
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Definition
Life History many offpsring small size offspring no parental care fast growth rate young at when reproducing Population Characteristics Type III survivorship curve Pyramid shape age structure Exponential population growth rate |
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Term
| What are characteristics and life history traits of K strategist? |
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Definition
Life History few numbers of offspring big offspring size lots of parental care slow growth rate reproduction age is delayed (older) Population Characteristics Type I survivorship curve Column shap age structure Logisitic population growth rate |
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