Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
The study of the body's internal and external structures, and the relationship between body parts. |
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Term
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Definition
| The study of how the body's structures work as an integrated whole. |
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| What are the general characteristics of humans? |
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Definition
Internal body cavities Internal skeleton Internal temperature regulation |
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What do the two dorsal compartments contain? |
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Definition
| The Cranial cavity & the Spinal cavity |
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What are the two portions of the Ventral Cavity? |
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Definition
| The thoracic portion & the lower abdominopelvic portion |
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| What does the Thoracic portion of the Ventral cavity contain? |
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Definition
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| What does the lower abdominopelvic chamber of the Ventral cavity contain? |
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Definition
| Stomach, liver, pancreas, & intestines |
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Term
| Humans are ______, meaning that we maintain a stable internal temperature. |
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Definition
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| What are the three levels of organization in the animal body? |
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Definition
Tissues Organs Organ Systems |
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| What are the four basic tissue types? |
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Definition
Epithelial Tissue Connective Tissue Muscle Tissue Nervous Tissue |
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| What are the two types of epithelium? |
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Definition
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| Name the three types of epithelial cells. |
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Definition
Squamous - Flat Cuboidal - Square Columnar - Rectangular |
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| What are the four functions of epithelium? |
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Definition
Creates a barrier to the outside world Acts as waterproofing; Keratin preserves body heat Produces secretions such as mucus Glandular secretions such as sweat
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| What does connective tissue do? |
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Definition
Functions in support, protection, transport, storing of energy, and defense;
Produces large amounts of extracellular material consisting of fibers embedded in ground substance. |
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| What are the three types of connective tissue? |
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Definition
Loose connective / adipose tissue Fibrous and supportive connective tissue Fluid connective tissue |
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Definition
| A type of tissue with a large number of fat cells that cushion, insulate, and store energy. |
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| What is fibrous connective tissue? |
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Definition
| Tough, strong tissue that makes up tendons and ligaments, as well as the capsules around organs and joint cavities. |
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| What is supporting connective tissue? |
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Definition
| Makes up bones and cartilage. |
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| What are the three types of blood cells? |
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Definition
Red blood cells White blood cells Platelets |
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| What do Red Blood Cells do? |
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Definition
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| What do White Blood Cells do? |
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Definition
| Defense responses & immune system functions |
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Definition
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Definition
| Interstitial fluid escaping from tissues returned to blood vessels via lymphatic vessels |
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| How does muscle tissue work? |
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Definition
| Contractile proteins within cells allow them to shorten and power movement. |
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Term
| What are the two main types of striated muscle? |
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Definition
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Where does non-striated muscle appear? |
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Definition
Wherever there's smooth muscle tissue- in the blood vessels, air passage, uterus, etc. |
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Term
| What is nervous tissue comprised of? |
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Definition
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| What three parts does a neuron consist of? |
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Definition
| A cell body, an axon, and dendrites |
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Term
| What is System 1 of the organ systems in the human body? |
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Definition
| The Integumentary, Skeletal, and Muscle System |
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Term
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Definition
Skin, hair, nails, and glands. Protects & regulates internal temperature |
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Definition
Internal support framework Protects, serves, stores minerals 206 bones Cartiliges, Tendons, & Ligaments |
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Definition
Maintains posture & balance Supports soft tissue, maintains body heat, & makes movement possible |
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| What is the Organ System 2 of the human body? |
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Definition
| Nervous, Endocrine, & Lymphatic |
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Term
| What is the function of the nervous system? |
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Definition
Coordinates stimulus-response Includes brain, spine, & senses All nerves |
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| What is the function of the endocrine system? |
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Definition
Hormone production Maintains homeostasis |
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Term
What is the function of the lymphatic system? |
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Definition
Immune functions Consists of lymphatic vessels, lymphoid organs; lymph nodes, thymus, tonsils, & spleen |
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What is System 3 out of the human organ systems? |
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Definition
Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Digestive, & Urinary |
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Term
| What is the function of the Cardiovascular section? |
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Definition
Transports nutrients, gases, hormones, and immune cells Removes waste Consists of heart, blood, vessels, and bone marrow |
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| Describe the Respiratory System |
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Definition
Lung & Air Passages Nasal cavities, pharnyx, larynx, & trachea Takes in oxygen; expels carbon dioxide |
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| Describe the Digestive System |
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Definition
Digests food Mouth, esophogus, stomach, and intestines. Also includes accessory organs; liver, pancreas, & salivary glands |
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Definition
The thin top layer of skin Stratified squamous cells Barrier to water loss & infection |
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Definition
Loose connective tissue with many accessory structures Contains hair follicles, sweat glands, capillaries, nerves, and sensory receptors |
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Term
What are the two types of exocrine glands? |
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Definition
| Sebacceous & Sweat Glands |
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Term
| What are the two types of sweat glands? |
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Definition
Apocrine: smelly, cloudy armpit sweat Merocrine: widespread sweat glands |
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Term
| What three large-scale features does a typical bone have? |
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Definition
Central Shaft / Diaphysis Expanded ends / Epiphyses Central cavity |
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Term
| What does the central cavity of a bone contain? |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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| Where is the epipyses of a bone? |
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Definition
| It's the spongy ends of the bone. |
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| What are the three types of bone cells? |
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Definition
| Osteoblasts, Osteocysts, & Osteoclasts |
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Definition
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Definition
Found in mature bones Recycles calcium deposits Maintains bone |
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Definition
| Breaks bone down; acts like a demolition team |
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| What is the basic functional unit of bone? |
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Definition
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Definition
80 bones Skull, spine, & ribs |
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Term
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Definition
| Appendages & Pelvic Girdle |
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| What is the functional unit of muscle? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two main subdivisions of the Nervous System? |
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Definition
The Central Nervous System The Peripheral Nervous System |
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Term
Describe the Central Nervous System CNS |
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Definition
Brain / Spinal Cord Recieves / integrates sensory information Issues motor commands Higher functions such as intelligence, memory, & emotion |
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Describe the Peripheral Nervous System PNS |
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Definition
| Acts as an intermediary between the rest of the body and the CNS |
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Term
| What are the two divisions of the PNS? |
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Definition
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| What does the Afferent division of the PNS do? |
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Definition
| Brings sensory information IN TO the CNS |
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Term
| What does the Efferent division of the PNS do? |
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Definition
| Carries motor commands FROM the CNS to muscles & glands |
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| What is the function of the somatic nervous sytem? |
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Definition
| Provides voluntary movement functions |
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Term
| What does the Autonomic Nervous System do? |
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Definition
| Involuntary movement and functions |
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Term
What effect on the body does a sympathetic reaction have? |
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Definition
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| What effect does a parasympathetic reaction have on the body? |
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Definition
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