Term
| What is Species Richness? |
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Definition
| Simple idea of diversity is making simple counts of species. |
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Term
| What are three factors that species count depends on? |
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Definition
a. sample size and effort
b. ability to capture or locate the species in question
c. taxonomic knowledge |
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Term
| What is species diversity index? |
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Definition
| Allows for comparison among similar samples, but which is somewhat independent of sample sizes. |
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Term
In diverisity, what pool of species contributes the most to this pool of species?
a. arthropods
b. mollusks
c. flowering plants
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Definition
| arthropods, but especially insects. |
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Term
| As environmental harshness increases does species diversity increase or decrease? |
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Definition
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Term
| Diveristy increases until what point? |
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Definition
| Reaches it's peark prior to climax |
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Term
| Diversity declines with decrease or increase latitude and altitude? |
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Definition
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Term
| What percentage of biodiversity is located in the tropical latitudes, which makes up 7% of Earth's surface? |
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Definition
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Term
| Bird and reptiles species richness is evident as it gets closer to the tropical latitudes. What species of animals is not as rich, but still follows the the trend of species richness? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where are the "hot spots," high numbers of endemic species? |
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Definition
- tropical areas near the equator
- islands
- mediterranean type ecosystems
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Term
| Where is the region of Caucasia? Why is it so significant? |
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Definition
Area surrounded by Russia to the North, Caspian Sea to the East, Black Sea to the West and South by Iran and Southwest by Turkey.
The Caucaucus Mountains is the dividing line of Europe and Asia and is the most linguistically and culturally diverse region on Earth. |
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Term
| Why is the Caucasus an area of great ecological significance? |
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Definition
| The Caucus harbors 6400 higher plants, 1600 being endemic to the region. |
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Term
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Definition
diveristy within-community.
e.g number of species in 100 sweeps or the number of trees per hectare sample. |
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Term
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Definition
Recording the number of species from a whole lanscape made of many different communities
e.g number of mammal species in the state of VA |
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Term
| What is the disadvantage of gamma diversity? |
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Definition
| lumping together diversity of different functional communities |
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Term
| What is special about the Mediterranean biome of South Africa, the Fynbos? |
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Definition
| It has 8500 plant species on 89,000 km^2. It made up of different communities, each which has a few species, but combining all of the mosaic results in one of the most diverse areas of the world. |
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Term
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Definition
within a community, species replace one another due to microclimatic or topographic difference.
e.g w/in a small area, different species live on tops of hillsides and others in valley bottoms. |
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Term
| Increasing sample size will find more species. What problem will come into play if the sample size is large enough? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why is the shannon-weaver index used? What is the formula? |
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Definition
It is used to combined species richness and evenness into a heterogeneity index to take into account the results that may be affected by differences among communities in the amount of dominance.
H' = - Sum (from i to s) pi ln pi
pi = ni/N
pi: the proportion of the sample belonging to species i
ni: the number of individuals of each species
N = total number of individuals of all species |
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Term
| Would a community with 10 species, each having 10 individuals have more species diversity than a community with 10 species, one having 91 individuals and the rest having 1 individuals each? |
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Definition
| Community 1 has the maximum diversity |
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Term
| What is another way of viewing H' using e? |
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Definition
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