1. Isolationism
2. Containment
3. Disengagement
4. Human Rights
5. Unilateralism

a.       Result of WW1

b.      Cost of American lives, for a European war

c.       Failure of Treaty of Versailles (no U.S.) – League of Nations (weak sister – because U.S. wasn’t a part of it) Economy of GB and France was down, Appeasement (the policy of making concessions to keep peace) involved

a.       Result of Pearl Harbor and the failure of appeasement (concessions)

b.      Churchill’s Iron Curtain speech in Fulton, Missouri (1946) about Russia (communism) occupying Europe

c.       Policy created by George Kennan (Mr. X) in Foreign Affairs in response to Soviet expansion at the end of WW2. – 1949(Soviet Union developed a Nuke and tested it/ China became a Communist (a surprise) country which was blamed on Nixon and resulted in ultimately Vietnam because no other presidents wanted more countries to fall to Communism)

d.        Formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the United Nations/ Nuclear weapons (importance) – Put troops in Europe to contain Communism (lots of $)

e.        Korea & Vietnam (Domino Theory) occupied to stop Communism from spreading.

a.        Defeat and political disaster in Vietnam

b.        Three ways to view the crisis after Vietnam:

                                                               i.      We applied the correct worldview in the right place, but did not pursue it hard enough

                                                              ii.      Correct worldview but applied in the wrong place at the wrong time

                                                            iii.      The worldview was wrong

c.        New isolationism, must be able to win beyond shadow of a doubt

§   Critics say this encouraged Soviet expansion (Reagan and Bush Senior (main critics in disengagement but used containment and disengagement))

§   Use of air power: Gulf War 1, Grenada, and Bosnia (Serbia)

a.       Introduced by Jimmy Carter, closely tied to disengagement

b.      Morality should be tied to any sort of agreement of trade that we make

                                                               i.      China changes policy on birth count if they want to trade

c.       How do you choose?  Examples: Rwanda, China, etc…

                                                               i.      We do it with countries that are strategically important to us.

a.       Result of 9/11 and George W. Bush

b.      “go it alone” or with few allies

c.       Afghanistan and Iraq