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Final-Concepts
Concepts
20
Anthropology
Undergraduate 2
12/03/2011

Additional Anthropology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Formative
Definition
sedentary
Term
Archaic
Definition
broad spectrum hunting & gathering, 8000-500 BC
Term
Social stratification
Definition
hierarchy of social classes, key characteristic of civilization-different classes have different access to power and resources
Term
Paramount chief
Definition
Head honcho
Term
Civilization
Definition
Cities, monumental architecture, state government
Term
Primary traits of civilization
Definition
urbanization, full time labor specialization, social stratification, concentration of surplus, state-type political structure
Term
Paleoindian
Definition
First American inhabitants
Term
Secondary traits of civilization
Definition
major water control systems, writing, major public architecture decreased socio-political complexity
Term
Classic
Definition
during the peak of a civilization when it flourished
Term
Post-Classic
Definition
after the decline of a civilization-reduced population
Term
Chiefdom
Definition
Level of political organization (lesser chiefs report to a “paramount chief”)
Term
States
Definition
Political units which consist of a large number of communities within a circumscribed territory, all of which are under the control of a central government
Term
Urbanization
Definition
Cities
Term
Labor specialization
Definition
division of labor on specialized tasks, associated with the growth of trade
Term
Medieval Climatic Anomaly
Definition
AD 800-1350, warm climate in N. Atlantic region, dramatic droughts, most likely caused the collapse of the Moche
Term
Writing
Definition
secondary characteristic of a civilization, Mayans used hieroglyphics (only true writing in N. World)
Term
Pharaoh
Definition
ancient Egyptian ruler (i.e. King Tut)
Term
Human sacrifice
Definition
practiced by the Aztecs and Incas, very rarely for the Mayans
Term
Extirpation
Definition
localized elimination of wild game
Term
Phases
Definition
brief periods in time marked by distinctive cultural traits
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