Term
|
Definition
| Instructor usually tells you to give a particular speech, select a topic compatible with the purpose. |
|
|
Term
| Highly Structured Assignment |
|
Definition
| Asked to incorporate several specific speech components. I.E Visual Aids, citations, style of language or particular organization pattern |
|
|
Term
| Instructor as an audience |
|
Definition
| Instructor is a skilled public speaker, must select topic that is stimulating and instructor appreciates |
|
|
Term
| Class members as an audience |
|
Definition
| Beginners in Public speaking, avoid commonly used topics, keep instructor in mind as well as classmates |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Outline the requirements of the speech assignment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Match your interests or expertise to these requirements. I.E What you like to do, what you like to talk about, what would you like to know more about. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Matching your expertise to a speech. I.E, what you are good at, what comes natural, what runs in the family |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Process of generating ideas randomly and uncritically without attention to logic, connections or relevance. |
|
|
Term
| Brainstorming by free association |
|
Definition
| unstructured brainstorming, generating many random ideas and thoughts. Letting your thoughts flow freely |
|
|
Term
| Brainstorming by Clustering |
|
Definition
| Visual way to brainstorm, central idea with others branching from that central idea. |
|
|
Term
| Brainstorming by categories |
|
Definition
| List concepts, objects, plans and policies, events, people, problems, natural phenomena, places and processes with sub point under each one |
|
|
Term
| Brainstorming by technology |
|
Definition
| Using technology such as the internet, online indexes for journals, newspapers, books and magazines to browse topics and get ideas. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What exactly is the topic, does my audience want to hear it, do i have enough time, should i narrow topic more, who is my audience. |
|
|
Term
| General Purpose (Articulate your Purpose) |
|
Definition
| Speech's broad goal, to inform, to invite, persuade, introduce, commemorate or accept |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Focused statement that identifies exactly what a speaker wants to accomplish with a speech |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| describe, clarify, explain, define |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| explore, discuss, exchange, understand |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Change, shape, influence, motivate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| acquaint, present, familiarize, |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Praise, honor, pay tribute |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| receive an award, express gratitude |
|
|
Term
| Behavioral objects (Specific Purpose) |
|
Definition
| Actions a speaker wants the audience to take at the end of a speech |
|
|
Term
| Thesis Statement (Central Idea) |
|
Definition
| Statement that summarizes in a single declarative sentence the main ideas, assumptions or arguments you want to express in your speech |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Interaction, connection and exchange of ideas and opinions with others |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Acknowledging your audience by considering and listening to the unique, diverse and common perspectives of its members before, during and after your speech |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Significant positions a person occupies within a society that affect that persons identity in almost all social situations. I.E race, ethnicity, gender, physical ability, sexual orientation, age, economic standing, religion, education level |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Changes to master status when it profoundly influences a persons identity and the way in which he or she is perceived |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Perspective from which a person views and evaluates society |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| General positive or negative feeling a person has about something ( Likes, dislikes, approval, disapproval) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Persons idea of what is real or true or not. More conceptual than attitudes, reflect what we think we know |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Persons idea of what is good, worthy or important. What we think is an ideal world or state of being. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Speaker must consider the significant influence of master statuses, standpoints, attitudes, beliefs, and values on audiences |
|
|
Term
| demographic audience analysis |
|
Definition
| Analysis that identifies the particular population traits of an audience (age, country of origin, ethnicity and race, religion, gender..... |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Trying to see and understand the world as another person does |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Time and place in which a speaker will speak |
|
|
Term
| Speaking environment considerations |
|
Definition
| Size of the audience, physical arrangement of the speaking site, the availability of technology, the time of day, where their speech falls into a series of presentations and the length of time to give speech |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| List of the types of information you have for your speech and the types you want to find |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When we take in more information than we can process but realize there still is information we are expected to know |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Is the information reliable, is the information authoritative, how current is the information, how complete is the information, is the information relevant, is the information consistent and unbiased |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Presenting another persons words and ideas as your own |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Constructing a complete speech that you present as your own from portions of several different sources |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Stealing an entire speech from a single source and presenting it as your own |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Presenting select portions from a single speech as your own |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Specific instances used to illustrate a concept, experience, issue or problem |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Instance that actually took place |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Instance that could have taken place, but didn't. Grounded on research of real experience |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| To clarify concepts, to reinforce points, to bring concepts to life or to elicit emotions, to build your case or make credible generalizations. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Is the example relevant and appropriate, is the hypothetical example ethical, are there enough examples to support your claim and have you accounted for the counterexamples. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Story that recounts or foretells real or hypothetical events |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (Vignettes) Illustrate a specific point |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Longer story that makes an evolving connection with a broader point |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| To personalize a point, to challenge an audience to think in new ways, to draw an audience in emotionally, to unite with your audience. |
|
|
Term
| Tips for using Narratives |
|
Definition
| Does it make a specific point, is the length appropriate, is the language vivid and the delivery appropriate to the story, is the story appropriate for my audience |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Process in which stories reference other stories or rely on parts of other stories to be complete |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Numerical summaries of facts, figures, and research finding |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When the numbers tell a powerful story, when numerical evidence strengthens a claim |
|
|
Term
| Tips for using Statistics |
|
Definition
| Evaluate statistics carefully and use statistics sparingly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Opinions or observations of others |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Exact word for word presentation of anothers testimony |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Summary of another's testimony in the speakers own words |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Testimony of someone considered an authority in a particular field |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Testimony of someone who has firsthand knowledge of a topic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Own testimony that you use to convey a point |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When you need the voice of an expert, to illustrate differences or agreements, when your experience says it best, paraphrase testimony to improve listenability. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Is the source credible, is it biased, have you paraphrased accurately, is it connected to your point |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| To clarify and create understanding, clarify an emotionally or politically charged word, to illustrate what something is not, to trace the history of the word (etymology) |
|
|
