Bronco Billy

First Arkansas Film Maker

In Great Train Robbery (1903-Edwin S. Porter)

Charlie Chaplin

1924- United Artist

Gold Rush 1903. 

Outsider vs. Society is central theme

other themes awkward walk, lack of food, cast-off or inadequate clothing, romance, romance, lack of shelter, comic feet, and shoes

Created Tramp character in 1917

Came from poor background

Two types of P.O.V.

Objective

Subjective

1) neutral recording of subject

2) what a character in the film is seeing or reflects the perspective of the director, conscious of someone behind the camera

Pedestal-extending tripod

Camera Movement

Deep Focus 

Camera Adjustment

using a diffusion filter

"Gauze shot"

Iris in/out

A way of dividing up parts of the film

ex. Binocular mask

matte in front(or behind) lens and film half of the scene

switch the matte

film the other side of the shot

looks like it was filmed at once

Film Form

Determined by how the individual parts of a picture are organized to give a film its overall sturcture

Fram

Shot

Scene

Sequence

most basic unit

a film is made up of individual frames or still images

1) director wants to stop filming

2) editor is said to "cut" the picture when putting together the individual pieces of film at the time it is being edited

3) the most common transitions between shots

Invisible editing, Hollywood editing, or decoupage

realistic appears

real time & real space

matched cut

action in the first show is continued in the following shot

(gets finger cut off)

Themes in film machine, accident, and miracle

Human vs. Fate

The General 1927

formalistic approach to editing based on conflict

doesn't attempt to duplicate real time & space

Russian Montage

Identified with the filmmaker Sergei Eisenstein

Russian Montage

Strike 1924

Battleship Potemkin 1925

1924

Sergei Eisenstein

revolutionary montage

Strike 1924 Eisenstein

Battleship Potemkin 1925 Eisenstein

Intolerance1916  D.W. Griffith

Menilmontant 1924 Dmitri Kirsanoff

Roue (The Wheel) 1921 Abel Gance

Ballet Mecanique 1924 Fernand Leger

2000

Christopher Nolan

Audio Tube

1907(6)

Warner Bros

1926

Released with musical sound track (first)

Synchronized sound

precise matching of sound to image

1927

Lip Sync Al Joison

"You ain't heard nothing yet!"

Transition from silent to talking

(years)

1936

Charlie Chaplin

Last silent feature

Synchronous

audience can hear and those in film can hear

asynchronous

only audience can hear sound

voice

music

sound effects

silence

a convention whose symbolism goes beyond its surface appearance or function within a genre

1933

Warner Brothers

revamped musical directed by Lloyed Bacon

black film

in many american crime and detective films

First identified by Frank Nino 1946

downbeat narrative themes

dark visuals

ex. The Maltese Falcon 1941 Bogart

crime in progress (suspense)

Psycho 1960

Human vs. Guilt

formalism & realism

German Expressionism

1) suspense

2) voyeurism- peeping tom

3) MacGuffin- something that seems suspenseful

4)cameo appearance

5) human vs. guilt

1960

Alfred Hitchcock

father of motion pictures

The Birth of Nation 1915

1915 D.W. Griffith

controversial film about civil war

1) mise-en-scene or composition of image

2) sound

3) camera work

4) editing

1) camera placement

2) camera adjustment

3) camera movement

"intimate theater"

Max Reinhardt

Carl Mayer author of The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (directed by Wiene) (expressionism) helped developed Kammerspielfilm and wrote The Last Laugh 1924 (formalism)

Variety (1925)

communication through subtle facial expression

1) entertainment

2) persuasion

3) information

4) aesthetic appreciation

Book 1833

Movie 1920 and 1992 

Takes place in 1757 during the French and Indian War

wild west director

1910 White Fawn's Devotion

1910 James Young-Deer

Controversial move with interracial marriage

Robert Flaherty 

father of documentary

Man of the North 1922

Moana 1926

could be seen as dishonest because he didn't let audience know his films were a reenactment 

Gary Cooper commentary on the West

           Uses Still Images and Nostalgia

1961 Real West television series

Auguste Lumiere

created actualities later called “newsreel” in 1910

In the Land of the Headhunters

1914 Edward S. Curtis

inspired Flaherty 

Nanook of the North

1922 Robert Flaherty

(sometimes considered first documentary)

was re-enactment of Inuit life prior to western influence (sometimes called Eskimo)

1926 Flaherty

Word documentary coined in 1926 by John Grierson to describe Flaherty’s film

John Grierson 

Word documentary coined in 1926 by _________ to describe Flaherty’s film Moana.

Grass (1925) 

Cooper and Schoedsack

influenced by documentary Man of the North

Chang (1927)

Cooper and Schoedsack

inspired by Man of the North documentary

Cooper and Schoedsack

The Grass (1926)

Chang (1927)

King Kong (1930)

Karl Brown 1927

documentary on rural people in Kansas

Dziga Vertov

The Man with a Movie Camera (1929)

"kino-eye"

Funded by Russian government

Developing a formalistic style that called attention to the medium in his documentaries called __________. Show’s what we are seeing is not necessarily reality, but what he sees as reality

used in The Man with a Movie Camera

Vertov

coined word documentry (1926)

Drifters (1929), Night Mail (1936), Housing Problems (1937)

educate the viewer about their subjects

1929

 about the process of fishing industry

Grierson

1936

postal service process in England

Grierson

Documentrary movement slowed in 1929 because of economny

last film attempted to be made of this documentary type

most documentaries were propaganda

Leni Riefenstahl

The Blue Light

Asked to make documentary for the Nazi party: Nazi Party rally in Nuremburg called Triumph of the Will (1934-36)

Leni Riefenstahl

Caught the attention of Hitler

Triumph of the Will (1934-36)

Leni Riefenstahl

Would make if:

was the minister of propaganda in Germany and he requires all media to go through his office.

It Happened One Night (1934), Mr. Deeds Goes to town (1936), Mr. Smith goes to Washington (1937)

Why We Fight- a series of seven documentary films

Used footage from Triumph of the Will and other enemy propaganda films to make his series

The films were considered so educational used for soldiers and civilians

Night and Fog (1955)

1955 Alain Renais

Noted film about WWII and the Holocaust

1)   Admit it happened

2)   Take responsibility

3)   Memory (doesn’t happen again)

Jean Rouch

provided a new approach to documentary filmmaking 1959 that tried to counter subjective bias

Jean Rouch

a filmmaker attempts to be as objective, about the subject being filmed, as possible

regular guy attitude in films

very controversial

First film: Roger and Me (1989)

Bowling for Columbine (2002)

Sicko (2007

Slackers Uprising (2008)

Fahrenheit 9/11

Moore

 Addresses why General Motors CEO gets a raise when GM is going through an unemployment problem

2002

 An examination of America’s obsession with guns and violence

2007 Moore

Challenges America’s private insurance driven health care system

Moore 2008

Wanted to get young people to vote

2009 Moore

Examines the impact of corporate dominance on the everyday lives of Americans 

Fahrenheit 9/11

Moore

highest grossing documentary

 A film about the Bush Administration that sought to expose the financial ties between the Bush family and the relative of terrorist Osama bin Laden

Orson Welles

·      Broadcast War of the Worlds (novel by H.G. Wells 1898) in 1938 over radio as a broadcast (prank)

1st movie Citizen Kane (1941)

1941 Orson Welles

critic say best movie of all time

realistic as possible

news reports

The Kiss 

1896

first scandal in short film

1897

scandalous belly dancer

was the first state to pass a law creating a state board of censorship in 1911.

1915

The Court ruled that film did not come under the protection of the First Amendment that protects freedom of speech. Governments could censor film if they felt it necessary.

1913

·    D.W. Griffith shows a stereotype of Indians

1915

D.W. Griffith stereotypes black people and controversial story line about the KKK.

Motion Picture Producers and Distributors of America (MPPDA) 

This self-censoring body was soon referred to as the “Hays Office." (1920s)

Headed by Will Hays

  Connotation of  “X” rating was with porn, so they created - for “artistic” films of such nature, but it did not work

·      In 1973 the ------that affected film censorship. This time the Court decided that the definition of obscenity can be determined by “community standards.”

(2004) by Paul Haggis uses the audience’s awareness of stereotypes and prejudicial attitudes.