Term
| overall trajectory of history of tv |
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Definition
| tv as a dream, science fiction, something integrated with our bodies |
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Term
| TV ENGINEERING / DEVELOPMENT / HACKER CULTURE |
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Definition
-present day technologies seen in pre-ww2 technologies
-same types of players: hackers, experimenter, tycoon, marginalized outsiders, inventors
-"Magic in the Air"
-Raymond Williams // technological determinism |
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Term
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Definition
-critique of technological determinism
-technology can be like a symptom of a larger change already about to happen
-we make technologies with certain purposes/practices in mind |
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Definition
-radio: free to air, commercially supported, FCC licensing required
-tv: spectrum scarcity, impossible to acquire license to broadcast, high production/talent costs
-film: admission charge, high production/talent costs, studios/theaters monopolized by studios |
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Term
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Definition
-broadcast TV follows experiments in 2-way TV (FaceTime)
-early TV as theatrical spectacle
-jokes/skepticism around telepresence, surveillance, voyeurism
-decentralized experimentation
-launch at NY's world fair (April 1939) --> clear TV
-NBC vs. CBS |
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Definition
-tv broadcast halted during war
-female run station |
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Term
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Definition
-RCA --> monopoly
-chicken/egg problem: TV pressured to bring in profit by advertisers, TVs need to be sold, TVs too expensive, advertising to get people to buy sets
-VERYYY expensive
-shifting broadcast standards
-expensive infrastructure (coaxial cables) |
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Term
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Definition
(1948-1953)
-spectrum scarcity / overlapping frequency
-CBS pushed for color tv, failed and had to follow RCA
-came out of freeze with RCA monopoly
- |
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Term
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Definition
-Hollywood resented TV and refused to collaborate --> FAIL
-movie attendance dropped dramatically in postwar
-Baughman
-"I Love Lucy" 1952 |
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Term
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Definition
NETWORK EFFECT
-movie industry didn't realize its actually part of the ENTERTAINMENT BUSINESS and should try to cross-platform |
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Term
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Definition
1952
-made in Hollywood on film
-3 camera setup
-interracial
-pregnancy |
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Term
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Definition
-variety entertainment (1880s-1930s)
-"heart of American showbiz"
-Texaco Star Theater / Milton Bearle |
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Term
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Definition
-starring: Milton Bearle
-HUGE show based on vaudeville in NY with NY humor
-literally everyone watched it in 1948 (86.8%)
-it sold TV sets |
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Term
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Definition
-cost efficient
-beer/razor company sponsors
-appealed to MEN who at the time were in charge of purchasing decisions |
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Term
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Definition
KIDS TV
-hugely popular, program sponsored
-TV as a baby boom phenomenon / babysitter |
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Term
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Definition
-cheap / diy
-kids, tv, cooking, local, schools, education, etc |
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Term
| SUPPRESSION OF RADICAL POTENTIAL |
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Definition
-Brian Winston
-existing industries/companies/businesses and whatever to maintain their control
-ruthless leveraging of the regulatory process |
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Term
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Definition
-scarcity // constraint
-historiography
-1950-1980 were a "blip" in larger TV history with relatively little change
-20 years of constraint; ruled by NBC, CBS, ABC
-with technological expansion, gov't standardizes it --> TV at its prime was an OLIGOPOLISTIC MODEL
-TV's atmosphere of constraint/scarcity is about promoting the economic interests of a larger industry as well as maintaining strict message control
-1980: viewers took control
-TV turned to a computer-based model |
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Term
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Definition
-TV westerns
-so so so so many tv westerns in postwar TV
-Bill Paley's noir / cold war |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| -game shows unleashed American listeners' and viewers' fascination with prizes |
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Term
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Definition
-highbrow/lowbrow
-TASTE determined position and privilege (not class)
-THT plan |
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Term
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Definition
-russel lynes
-expand network beyond primetime into times only local stations and radio were serving |
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Term
| TV, GENDER, SPACES OF CONSUMPTION |
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Definition
-questions of TV in function of family, the home
-fear of TV corrupting children
-television code of 1952 (tv / juvenile delinquency)
-families relying on "experts" on parenting |
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Term
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Definition
-post wwii, entertainment entering the home
-reception problem: hard to analyze audience response to TV
-questions of TV disunifying the family
-simultaneous euphoria and worry
-TV as a machine in the home capable of changing family interactions
-question of where to put the TV |
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Term
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Definition
-following radio tradition
-not much news in early days; news were the BARE minimum to comply with FCC license regulations
-political conventions
-EDWARD R. MURROW: advocated for news |
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Term
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Definition
-"in living color"
-ernie kovacs: silent tv, tv art, high AND low brow |
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Term
| VAST WASTELAND / EDUCATIONAL TV / CRITIQUE OF ELITISM |
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Definition
-FCC (1934): license holders had to demonstrate commitment to public interest every 3 years
-TV code: self regulation
-NEWTON MINOW: appointed FCC chairman, delivered vast wasteland speech (elitist)
-put away as LBJ took office (tv background from wife) |
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Term
| PEOPLE OF COLOR ON SCREEN |
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Definition
INVISIBILITY --> RIDICULE --> INCLUSION
-fresh off the boat
-in living color
-color adjustment
-amos'n'andy
-the beulah show
-nat king cole show
-east side west side
-julia
-i spy
-all in the family
-good times
-sanford and son |
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Term
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Definition
-TVTV: politics all about media / meta-making
-influenced sketches / snl
-ecological diversity vs media monocultures vs monoculutral media
-plan for a 40 channel cable system (govt 1, networks 1, advertisements 1, people 37) |
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Term
| ECLIPSE OF COUNTERCULTURE / ASSIMILATION |
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Definition
-revolution to reform in the 1970s
-video could change the world
-sony's "port-a-pak"
-video turned into an everyday middle class technology |
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Term
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Definition
-originator of local programming
-public access, franchise negotiations
-MSO: multiple systems operator
-basic vs. pay vs. premium
-broadcasting --> narrowcasting
-communications satellite (1962-->1975)
-subscription tv, cable rush
-hbo |
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Term
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Definition
-not a european model (bbc)
-began with program sponsors --> magazine sponsorship --> product placement |
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Term
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Definition
-early home vcr's
-supreme court ruled that home taping is not infringement (personal right)
-small market / cinephilia / collecting ("Tapeheads - Rewind This!")
-cheaper VCRs
-1980s: movies intentionally distributed via video
-VCR became connection between studio and viewer
-betamax vs. vhs
-instant gratification |
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