Term
| What are the two types of lung cancer, and which is more common? |
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Definition
| -Small cell and non-small cell lung cancer (more common) |
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Term
| What are the three types of non-small cell lung cancer? Where do they occur in the lung usually? |
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Definition
1. Squamous cell carcinoma
2. Adenocarcinoma
3. Large cell carcinoma
-The non-small cell types usually occur more towards the hilum while the small types occur deeper in the lung |
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Term
| Which kind of chemotherapeutic drugs have a linear dose response curve? |
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Definition
-Phase non-specific; increasing dose will increase the percentage of cells killed
-The phase specific ones plateau off so that increasing dosage won't kill any more cells |
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Term
| Give 5 antimetabolites? What part of the cell cycle do they inhibit? |
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Definition
-Cytarabine (new one), 5-Flu (pyrimidine), mercaptopurine (purine), methotrexate (folate), hydroxyurea
-They effect the S phase |
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Term
| What phase does bleomycin inhibit? How about etoposide? |
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Definition
-G2 phase
-Etoposide blocks the S to G2 transition |
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Term
| How do we treat small cell lung cancer? |
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Definition
-It spreads more easily, so we won't usually have a nice tumor that we can surgically remove
-Whether it is limited or extensive small cell cancer, we do chemo & radiation (if it is extensive, the radiation is simply palliative)
-Treatment overall is aimed at extending survival |
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Term
| Name the 6 major drugs for treatment of small cell cancer and what they target? |
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Definition
1. Docetaxel - plant alkaloid, inhibits microtuble degr.
2. Paclitaxel - plant alkaloid, inhibits microtuble degr.
3. Venorelbine - plant alkaloid, inhibits microtuble form.
4. Gemcitabine - deoxycytidine analog with Fl- at 2' to inhibit polymerization, also inhibits ribonuc. reduction
5. Topotecan - inhibits Topo I
6. Etoposide - inhibits Topo II |
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Term
| What are the two additional drugs that are commonly used for non-small cell? What are the side effects? Which one is used in conjunction with another drug? |
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Definition
1. Bleomycin - causes DNA breaks
-Can cause pulmonary fibrosis
-Note also that we use this for squamous cell carcinomas
2. Cisplatin - alkylating agent that causes cross-links
-Can cause nephrotoxicity
-Used together with gemcitabine and sometimes others |
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Term
| What do we do for stage I-IV in non-small cell? |
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Definition
-For stage I & II we do lobectomy and chemo
-For III we do chemo & radiation, and sometimes surgery
-For stage IV, we just do chemo |
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Term
| What is the combo chemo treatment for inoperable non-small cell cancer? |
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Definition
-Gemcitabine + Cisplatin
-Stopped synth and cross-linking |
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Term
| What is meant by complete response, partial response, stable disease, and progressive disease? |
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Definition
-Complete remission
-50% decrease in size
-No increase
-25% or better increase |
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